Hesperocyparis macnabiana
| Hesperocyparis macnabiana | |
|---|---|
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| Hesperocyparis macnabiana foliage | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Cupressales |
| Family: | Cupressaceae |
| Genus: | Hesperocyparis |
| Species: | H. macnabiana
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| Binomial name | |
| Hesperocyparis macnabiana (A.Murray bis) Bartel
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| Natural range | |
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| (Red circles indicate extinct populations.) | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
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List
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Hesperocyparis macnabiana (MacNab cypress or Shasta cypress) is a species of western cypress in from California that was previously named Cupressus macnabiana.[4]
Distribution
[edit]Hesperocyparis macnabiana is endemic to northern California. Hesperocyparis macnabiana is one of the most widely distributed of all the native California cypresses, found growing in chaparral, oak woodlands, and coniferous woodlands habitats along the inner northern California Coast Ranges and the foothills of the northern Sierra Nevada. MacNab cypress is often associated with ultramafic soils.[5]
Description
[edit]Hesperocyparis macnabiana is an evergreen shrub or small tree, 3–12 metres (9.8–39.4 ft) (rarely to 17 metres (56 ft)) tall, with a spreading crown that is often broader than it is tall. The foliage is produced in dense, short flat sprays (unlike most other California cypresses, which do not have flattened sprays), bright glaucous gray-green, with a strong spicy-resinous scent. The leaves are scale-like, 1–2 mm long with an acute apex, and a conspicuous white resin gland on the center of the leaf. Young seedlings produce needle-like leaves up to 10 mm (0.4 inches) long in their first year.[6]
The seed cones are oblong-ovoid to cuboid, 15–25 mm long and 13–20 mm broad, with six (rarely four or eight) scales, each scale bearing a prominent umbo; they are strongly serotinous, not opening to release the seeds until the parent tree is killed by wildfire. This enables heavy seed release to colonize the bare, fire-cleared ground. The pollen cones are 3–4 mm long, and release their pollen in the fall.[6]
Taxonomy
[edit]Hesperocyparis macnabiana was given its first scientific description in 1855 by the naturalist Andrew Murray under the name Cupressus macnabiana.[3] It was named after William Ramsay McNab of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh the suggestion of Murray's brother, William Murray.[7] As part of spiting the new world cypress species into the new genus Hesperocyparis it was moved out of Cupressus by Jim A. Bartel in 2009.[3] This split has not been universally accepted,[8] but as of 2024 Plants of the World Online (POWO) and World Flora Online (WFO) both list the new classification as accepted.[3][9]
See also
[edit]- California interior chaparral and woodlands- (subecoregion)
- Fire ecology
References
[edit]- ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Cupressus macnabiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42222A2962703. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42222A2962703.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ NatureServe (2024). "Cupressus macnabiana". Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d "Hesperocyparis macnabiana (A.Murray bis) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ A. Farjon. 2005. A Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopityaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-068-4.
- ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2010. Leather Oak, Quercus durata. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and Environment. Washington DC
- ^ a b Flora of North America: Cupressus macnabiana
- ^ Murry, Andrew (January 1855). "Description of New Coniferous Trees from California". The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal. 1. Open Court Publishing Co: 293–294. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ Mаеrki, Didier (31 January 2017). "Editorial: Recent developments in the taxonomy of the genus Cupressus and consequences for their conservation" (PDF). Bulletin of the Cupressus Conservation Project. 6 (1): 3–24. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ "Hesperocyparis macnabiana (A.Murray bis) Bartel". World Flora Online. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- Farjon, A. (2013). "Cupressus macnabiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42222A2962703. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42222A2962703.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- Stuart, J. D.; J. O. Sawyer (2001). Trees and Shrubs of California. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-22110-9.
- Wolf, C. B. & Wagener, W. E. (1948). The New World cypresses. El Aliso 1: 195-205.
External links
[edit]
- IUCN Red List least concern species
- NatureServe apparently secure species
- Hesperocyparis
- Endemic flora of California
- Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
- Trees of Northern America
- Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Natural history of the California Coast Ranges
- Plants described in 1855