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List of birds by population

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The population of birds
Lists

Accipitriformes (hawks, eagles, vultures, and kites)
Anseriformes (waterfowl)
Apodiformes (swifts and hummingbirds)
Caprimulgiformes (nightjars and relatives)
Charadriiformes (gulls and relatives)
Ciconiiformes (storks and relatives)
Columbiformes (doves and pigeons)
Coraciiformes (kingfishers and relatives)
Cuculiformes (cuckoos and relatives)
Falconiformes (falcons and relatives)
Galliformes (gamebirds)
Gaviiformes (loons or divers)
Gruiformes (cranes and relatives)
Passeriformes (perching birds)
Pelecaniformes (pelicans and relatives)
Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos)
Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)
Podicipediformes (grebes)
Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels)
Psittaciformes (parrots)
Sphenisciformes (penguins)
Strigiformes (owls)
Struthioniformes (ratites)
Tinamiformes (tinamous)
Trogoniformes (trogons and quetzals)
Key

Conservation status

  Extinct in the wild (EW)
  Critically endangered (CR)
  Endangered (EN)
  Vulnerable (VU)
  Near threatened (NT)
  Least concern (LC)
  Data deficient (DD)
Related
Lists of organisms by population
Lists of mammals by population
List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species
List of extinct birds
Lists of birds by region

This is a list of bird species by global population, divided by bird classification. While numbers are estimates, they have been made by the experts in their fields. For more information on how these estimates were ascertained, see Wikipedia's articles on population biology and population ecology. Contributing organizations include the IUCN, BirdLife International, and Partners in Flight.

The average global population of all mature birds is estimated to be on the order of 100 billion individuals.[1][2][3] The total population including younglings is somewhat higher during the breeding season of each species.[3]

This list is incomplete, because experts have not estimated all bird numbers. For example, the spectacled flowerpecker was only discovered in 2010, and did not receive its scientific name (Dicaeum dayakorum) until 2019,[4] adding to the other 73 new bird species described by ornithologists from 2000 – 2009.[5][6][7] Global population estimates for many of these at this time would lack accuracy.

All numbers are estimates, because they are taken by observation, and a given number of 50 slender-billed curlews does not necessarily mean there are 10 more of this species than the black stilt, which has been estimated at 40: there is a possibility that the latter species has a larger population than the former.[8][9] This list should not be taken that literally. An estimate of 250 shore dotterels compared with 4,500 – 5,000 wrybills, on the other hand, means that the latter has well over one order of magnitude more individuals than the former.[10][11] The wrybill only has approximately one tenth the population of great skuas (48,000), which are outnumbered ~10:1 by the pigeon guillemot (470,000).[12][13] It is these large differences between species that this list tries to convey.

By taxonomy

[edit]
List by taxonomic order Birds included # of quantified species / # of total species (%)1 Example of less common species Example of more common species
Accipitriformes Hawks, eagles, kites. 178 / 251 (70%)
Anseriformes Waterfowl: ducks, geese, swans, teals. 125 / 170 (75%) Laysan duck (CR) Mallard (LC)
Pop: 521[14] Pop: > 17,000,000[15]
Apterygiformes Kiwis. 6 / 59 (55%) Little spotted kiwi (NT) Southern brown kiwi (VU)
Pop: > 1,200[16] Pop: 29,800[17]
Bucerotiformes Hornbills, ground hornbills, hoopoes, wood hoopoes. 13 / 72 (18%)
Caprimulgiformes Nightjars, nighthawks, potoos, hummingbirds, swifts. 34 / 601 (27%) Puerto Rican nightjar (EN) Chimney swift (NT)
Pop: 1,400 – 2,000[18] Pop: 15,000,000[19]
Cariamiformes Seriemas. 0 / 2 (0%)
Cathartiformes Vultures, condors 4 / 7 (57%)
Casuariiformes Cassowaries, emus. 3 / 4 (75%)
Charadriiformes Waders, gulls, auks. 268 / 379 (76%) Shore dotterel (EN) Thick-billed murre (LC)
Pop: 250[10] Pop: > 22,000,000[20]
Ciconiiformes Storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills. 14 / 20 (70%) Storm's stork (EN) White stork (LC)
Pop: 400 – 500[21] Pop: 700,000-704,000[22]
Coliiformes Mousebirds. 0 / 6 (0%)
Columbiformes Doves, pigeons. 94 / 353 (29%) Socorro dove (EW) Rock dove (LC)
Pop: 100[23] Pop: 260,000,000[24]
Coraciiformes Kingfishers, hornbills, motmots, bee-eaters. 38 / 187 (17%) Narcondam hornbill (EN) Rainbow bee-eater (LC)
Pop: 320 – 340[25] Pop: > 1,000,000[26]
Cuculiformes Cuckoos. 22 / 151 (13%) Black-hooded coucal (CR) Common cuckoo (LC)
Pop: 70[27] Pop: 25,000,000 – 100,000,000[28]
Eurypygiformes Kagus, sunbittern. 2 / 2 (100%)
Falconiformes Diurnal birds of prey. 34 / 64 (53%) Madagascar fish eagle (CR) Common kestrel (LC)
Pop: 360[29] Pop: > 5,000,000[30]
Galbuliformes Puffbirds, jacamars. ? / 55 (0%)
Galliformes Gamebirds. 121 / 308 (42%) Bornean peacock-pheasant (EN) Willow ptarmigan (LC)
Pop: 1,000 – 2,499[31] Pop: > 40,000,000[32]
Gaviiformes Loons. 5 / 5 (100%) Yellow-billed loon (NT) Pacific loon (LC)
Pop: 16,000 – 32,000[33] Pop: 930,000 – 1,600,000[34]
Gruiformes Cranes, crakes, rails. 92 / 169 (45%) Lord Howe woodhen (EN) American coot (LC)
Pop: 220 – 230[35] Pop: 6,000,000[36]
Leptosomiformes Cuckoo-roller. 0 / 1 (0%)
Mesitornithiformes Mesites. 0 / 3 (0%)
Musophagiformes Turacos. 3 / 24 (13%)
Opisthocomiformes Hoatzin. 0 / 1 (0%)
Otidiformes Bustards, floricans, korhaans. 10 / 26 (38%)
Passeriformes New Zealand wrens, suboscines, oscines, songbirds. 55 / 6685 (0.8%)
Pelecaniformes Ibises, spoonbills, herons, egrets, bitterns, shoebills, hamerkops, pelicans. 36 / 110 (55%) Flightless cormorant (VU) Red-footed booby (LC)
Pop: 1,679[37] Pop: > 1,000,000[38]
Phaethontiformes Tropicbirds. 0 / 3 (0%)
Phoenicopteriformes Flamingos. 6 / 6 (100%) Andean flamingo (VU) Lesser flamingo (NT)
Pop: 38,000[39] Pop: 2,220,000 – 3,240,000[40]
Piciformes Woodpeckers, toucans, barbets. 43 / 485 (10%) Ivory-billed woodpecker (CR) Great spotted woodpecker (LC)
Pop: 0 – 50[41] Pop: 73,500,000 – 216,000,000[42]2
Podicipediformes Grebes. 11 / 20 (58%) New Zealand grebe (VU) Black-necked grebe (LC)
Pop: 1,900 – 2,000[43] Pop: 3,900,000 – 4,200,000[44]
Pterocliformes Sandgrouse. 0 / 16 (0%)
Procellariiformes Albatrosses petrels. 116 / 145 (90%) New Zealand storm petrel (CR) Short-tailed shearwater (LC)
Pop: < 50[45] Pop: > 23,000,000[46]
Psittaciformes Parrots, cockatoos, macaws. 134 / 405 (38%) Kākāpō (CR) Red-tailed black cockatoo (LC)
Pop: 210[47] Pop: > 100,000[48]
Rheiformes Rheas. 2 / 2 (100%)
Sphenisciformes Penguins. 16 / 18 (89%) Galapagos penguin (EN) Macaroni penguin (VU)
Pop: 1,800[49] Pop: 18,000,000[50]3
Strigiformes Owls. 72 / 239 (37%) Forest owlet (CR) Short-eared owl (LC)
Pop: 70 – 400[51] Pop: > 2,000,000[52]
Struthionidae Ostriches. 2 / 2 (100%)
Suliformes Boobies, frigate birds, gannets, cormorants. ? / 153 (0%)
Tinamiformes Tinamous. 9 / 47 (19%) Slaty-breasted tinamou (LC) Little tinamou (LC)
Pop: 20,000 – 49 999[53] Pop: 500,000 – 4,999,999[54]
Trogoniformes Trogons, quetzals. 14 / 43 (32%) Javan trogon (VU) Collared trogon (LC)
Pop: 2,500 – 9,999[55] Pop: 5,000,000 – 49,999,999[56]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
1.^ Amount of quantified species contained in the list as of the "Retrieved" date in the corresponding citation. The amount of species in each order is according to the IUCN and BirdLife International; bird taxonomy is currently in flux and these figures may soon change.
2.^ Preliminary estimate.
3.^ Mature only.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bar-On, Yinon M.; Phillips, Rob; Milo, Ron (2018-06-19). "The biomass distribution on Earth". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115 (25): 6506–6511. doi:10.1073/pnas.1711842115. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6016768. PMID 29784790.
  2. ^ Gaston, Kevin J.; Blackburn, Tim M. (1997). "How many birds are there?". Biodiversity and Conservation. 6 (4): 615–625. doi:10.1023/A:1018341530497.
  3. ^ a b Gaston, K. J.; Blackburn, T. M.; Goldewijk, K. K. (2003-06-22). "Habitat conversion and global avian biodiversity loss". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 270 (1521): 1293–1300. doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2303. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 1691371. PMID 12816643.
  4. ^ Saucier, Jacob R.; Milensky, Christopher M.; Caraballo-Ortiz, Marcos A.; Ragai, Roslina; Dahlan, N. Faridah; Edwards, David P. (2019-10-17). "A distinctive new species of flowerpecker (Passeriformes: Dicaeidae) from Borneo". Zootaxa. 4686 (4): 451–464. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4686.4.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
  5. ^ Reuters. "Spectacled flowerpecker" bird found in Borneo, scientificamerican.com, 13 January 2010, accessed on 15 January 2010.
  6. ^ Walton, Doreen, science reporter. New bird species found in rainforests of Borneo, BBC News, news.bbc.co.uk, 14 January 2010, accessed on 15 January 2010.
  7. ^ Pennak, Sara (18 January 2012). "State of observed species: A decade of species discovery in review" (PDF). Arizona State University: International Institute for Species Exploration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
  8. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Himantopus novaezelandiae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22693690A129560535. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22693690A129560535.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  9. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Numenius tenuirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22693185A131111201. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22693185A131111201.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  10. ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Thinornis novaeseelandiae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22693899A93429618. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693899A93429618.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  11. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Anarhynchus frontalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22693928A131876706. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22693928A131876706.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  12. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Stercorarius skua". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-09.[permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Cepphus columba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22694864A132578338. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22694864A132578338.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  14. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Anas laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22680203A130697270. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22680203A130697270.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  15. ^ BirdLife International (2019). "Anas platyrhynchos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22680186A155457360. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22680186A155457360.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  16. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Apteryx owenii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22678129A92756395. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678129A92756395.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  17. ^ BirdLife International (2019). "Apteryx australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22678122A155418586. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22678122A155418586.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  18. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Caprimulgus noctitherus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-09-26. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  19. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Chaetura pelagica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22686709A131792415. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22686709A131792415.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  20. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Uria lomvia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22694847A132066134. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22694847A132066134.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  21. ^ BirdLife International (2017). "Ciconia stormi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22697685A110066434. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22697685A110066434.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  22. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Ciconia ciconia: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22697691A86248677". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22697691a86248677.en.
  23. ^ BirdLife International (2020). "Zenaida graysoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22690740A178409463. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22690740A178409463.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  24. ^ BirdLife International (2019). "Columba livia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22690066A155493121. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22690066A155493121.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  25. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Aceros narcondami". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-11-10. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  26. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Merops ornatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22683753A92998888. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683753A92998888.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  27. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Tauraco fischeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22688327A93192788. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22688327A93192788.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  28. ^ BirdLife International (2019). "Cuculus canorus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22683873A155496731. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683873A155496731.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  29. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Eutriorchis astur". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22695336A93503165. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22695336A93503165.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  30. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Falco tinnunculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22696362A93556429. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696362A93556429.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  31. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Polyplectron schleiermacheri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22679393A84694321. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679393A84694321.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  32. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Lagopus lagopus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22679460A89520690. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679460A89520690.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  33. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Gavia adamsii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22697847A132607949. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22697847A132607949.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  34. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Gavia pacifica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22697839A132607134. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22697839A132607134.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  35. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Gallirallus sylvestris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2012-12-14.
  36. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Fulica americana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T62169677A95190980. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T62169677A95190980.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  37. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Phalacrocorax harrisi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2012-12-14.
  38. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Sula sula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22696694A132589278. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22696694A132589278.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  39. ^ BirdLife International (2020). "Phoenicoparrus andinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22697387A182422217. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697387A182422217.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  40. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Phoeniconaias minor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22697369A129912906. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22697369A129912906.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  41. ^ BirdLife International (2020). "Campephilus principalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22681425A182588014. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22681425A182588014.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  42. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Dendrocopos major". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22681124A87323054. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22681124A87323054.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  43. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Poliocephalus rufopectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22696592A93572730. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696592A93572730.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  44. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Podiceps nigricollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22696610A132584321. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22696610A132584321.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  45. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Oceanites maorianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-14.
  46. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Puffinus tenuirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-09-28. Retrieved 2012-12-17.
  47. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Strigops habroptila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22685245A129751169. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22685245A129751169.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  48. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Calyptorhynchus banksii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22684744A93044811. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22684744A93044811.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  49. ^ BirdLife International (2020). "Spheniscus mendiculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22697825A182729677. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697825A182729677.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  50. ^ BirdLife International (2020). "Eudyptes chrysolophus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22697793A184720991. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697793A184720991.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  51. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Heteroglaux blewitti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
  52. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Asio flammeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22689531A93234548. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22689531A93234548.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  53. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Crypturellus boucardi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22678191A92760820. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678191A92760820.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  54. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Crypturellus soui". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22678169A95208453. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678169A95208453.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  55. ^ Apalharpactes reinwardtii: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22682824A178034431 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2020-06-25. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22682824a178034431.en. ISSN 2307-8235. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
  56. ^ Trogon collaris: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T61692251A163899552 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2022-08-17. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2022-2.rlts.t61692251a163899552.en. ISSN 2307-8235. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
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