List of tiltrotor aircraft
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A tiltrotor is a type of vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft that convert from vertical to horizontal flight by rotating propellers or ducted fans from horizontal positions like conventional aircraft propellers to vertical like a helicopter's rotors.[1]
Tiltrotor aircraft
[edit]| Type | Country | Class | Role | Date | Status | No. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerocopter Sarus | US | Mono rotor | Commuter | 2009 | Project | 0 | [2] |
| American Dynamics AD-150 | US | Twin fans | Scout UAV | 2011 | Project | 0 | USMC Tier III VUAS submission. Ducted fans.[3] |
| AgustaWestland AW609 | Italy | Twin rotor | Civil transport | March 2003 | Prototype | Originally Bell-Augusta BA609.[4] | |
| AgustaWestland Project Zero | Italy | Twin fans | Experimental | June 2011 | Prototype | 1 | Hybrid propulsion. Ducted fans.[5] |
| Baldwin MTR-SD | US | Mono rotor | Experimental | 2010 | Prototype | 1 | Small radio-control mono tiltrotor testbed.[6] |
| Bell XV-3 | US | Twin rotor | Experimental | August 1955 | Prototype | 2 | Originally designated XH-33.[7] |
| Bell XV-15 | US | Twin rotor | Experimental | May 1977 | Prototype | 2 | Developed into V-22 Osprey.[8] |
| Bell X-22 | US | Quad fans | Experimental | May 1977 | Prototype | 2 | 4 tilting ducted fans powered by 4 turboshaft engines |
| Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey | US | Twin rotor | Military transport | March 1989 | Production | [9] | |
| Bell V-247 Vigilant | US | Multirole UAV | 2016 | Project | 0 | [10] | |
| Bell V-280 Valor | US | Heavy transport | 2017 | Prototype | Intended for both commuter and military roles.[11] | ||
| Bell Eagle Eye | US | Twin rotor | Scout UAV | March 1998 | Prototype | [12] | |
| Bell Boeing Quad TiltRotor | US | Quad rotor | Heavy transport | 2005 | Project | 0 | Several redesigns.[13] |
| Colugo Systems ARCopter | Israel | Quad frame | Scout UAV | 2015 | - | Tilting quadcopter frame.[14] | |
| CTA Heliconair HC-I Convertiplano | Brazil | Experimental | 1954 | Prototype | 1 | [15] | |
| Curtiss-Wright X-100 | US | Twin rotor | Experimental | March 1960 | Prototype | 1 | Testbed for radial force principle. Developed into X-19.[16] |
| Curtiss-Wright X-19 | US | Quad rotor | Transport testbed | November 1963 | - | 2 | [17] |
| Doak VZ-4 | US | Twin rotor | Experimental | February 1958 | Prototype | 1 | U.S. Army VTOL research project. Ducted fans.[18] |
| Dornier Do 29 | Germany | Twin rotor | Experimental | December 1958 | Prototype | 2 | Utility VTOL testbed. Inverted rotors.[19] |
| Dufaux triplane | Switzerland | Experimental | 1909 | - | Central rotor and engine. Built but could not fly.[20] | ||
| FLUTR model 1 | Germany | Flying car | 2018 | Project | 0 | [21] | |
| Focke-Achgelis Fa 269 | Germany | Twin rotor | Fighter | 1943 | - | Inverted rotors.[22] | |
| IAI Panther | Israel | Trirotor | Recon UAV | 2011 | Prototype | Third rotor for lift only.[23] | |
| IAI/Hankuk FE-Panther | Israel, South Korea | Trirotor | Recon UAV | 2016 | Prototype | Improved Panther with separate engine for horizontal flight.[24] | |
| Mil Mi-30 | USSR | Transport | 1972 | Project | 0 | "Vintoplan".[25] | |
| Nord Aviation N 500 Cadet | France | Experimental | July 1968 | Prototype | Ducted fans.[26] | ||
| Russian Helicopters Albatross | Russia | UAV | 2015 | Project | 0 | In development; hybrid tiltrotor-tiltwing.[25] | |
| Transcendental Model 1-G | US | Twin rotor | Experimental | July 1954 | Prototype | Single engine.[27] | |
| Transcendental Model 2 | US | Experimental | 1956 | - | Improved Model 1.[28] |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ Leishman 2006, p.328
- ^ Streep || Abe. " The Personal Tilt-Rotor." Popular Science || Vol. 274, no. 5, May 2009.
- ^ Maryland Funds Work On VTOL Unmanned Aircraft[permanent dead link] Aviation Week & Space Technology, 11 February 2010.
- ^ Wynbrandt, James (11 February 2012). "AW609 Finally Ready for its Close-up". Aviation International News. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2012.
- ^ "Project Zero: Half plane, half helicopter" BBC News, 20 June 2013.
- ^ "Persistence Pays Off For Mono Tiltrotor Inventor[permanent dead link]" || Aviation Week 171.16, October 26, 2009, page 64
- ^ Maisel 2000. Page 14.
- ^ Maisel 2000. Page 70.
- ^ Norton 2004
- ^ Bell unveils V-247 Vigilant unmanned tiltrotor - Flightglobal.com, 22 September 2016
- ^ Bell unveils V-280 Valor mock-up - Flightglobal.com, 21 October 2013
- ^ New search for VTOL UAVs may resurrect Bell tiltrotor - Flightglobal.com, 21 January 2016
- ^ "Heavy duty: US Army backs tiltrotor as future battlefield airlifter". Flight International, 14 January 2008.
- ^ Bergqvist, Pia (7 July 2015). "Video: See New VTOL Drone Concept Fly". Flying. Winter Park, FL: Bonnier Corporation. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
- ^ "Focke Convertiplane".Flight, 1955, p.214
- ^ Connor, R.D. "Curtiss-Wright X-100". National Air and Space Museum. Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 2019-07-07. Retrieved 2017-11-17.
- ^ Jenkins 2004, p.40
- ^ Stevenson, Roy, "Doak's One-Off," Aviation History, July 2014, pp. 14–15.
- ^ Luftwaffe: Projekte: Do 29. In: Geschichte der Luftwaffe. Bundeswehr. Accessed 2009-06-15.
- ^ Taylor 1989, p.347.
- ^ "FLUTR". flutr. Retrieved 2019-08-07.
- ^ Lepage 2009, p.385
- ^ "Israel Aerospace Industries unveils Panther UAV". www.theengineer.co.uk. October 5, 2010. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2010.
- ^ Egozi, Arie (19 December 2016). "Hybrid power Panther demonstrated in South Korea". Flightglobal. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
- ^ a b Trimble, Stephen (27 August 2015). "MAKS: Russian Helicopters launches unmanned tiltrotor concept". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 2017-11-25.
- ^ Taylor 1989, p.33
- ^ Maisel 2000. Page 8.
- ^ Maisel 2000. Page 11.
Bibliography
[edit]- Jenkins, Dennis R. (2004). X-Planes Photo Scrapbook. North Branch, MN: Specialty Press. ISBN 978-158007-076-8.
- Leishman, J. Gordon (2006). Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85860-7.
- Lepage, Jean-Denis G.G. (2009). Aircraft of the Luftwaffe, 1935–1945: An Illustrated Guide. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3937-9.
- Maisel, Martin D., Demo J. Giulianetti and Daniel C. Dugan. "The History of the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft: From Concept to Flight". Washington, D.C.: NASA History Division, 2000.
- Norton, Bill. Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, Tiltrotor Tactical Transport. Earl Shilton, Leicester, UK: Midland Publishing, 2004. ISBN 1-85780-165-2
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. p. 347.