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The terms "nursery rhyme" and "children's song" emerged in the 1820s, although this type of children's literature previously existed with different names such as Tommy Thumb Songs and Mother Goose Songs.[1] The first known book containing a collection of these texts was Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, which was published by Mary Cooper in 1744.[2] The works of several scholars and collectors helped document and preserve these oral traditions as well as their histories. These include Iona and Peter Opie, Joseph Ritson, James Orchard Halliwell, and Sir Walter Scott.[3] While there are "nursery rhymes" which are called "children's songs", not every children's song is referred to as a nursery rhyme (example: Puff, the Magic Dragon, and Baby Shark). This list is limited to songs which are widely known as nursery rhymes through reliable sources.

Nursery rhymes

[edit]

The following is a list of nursery rhymes.

Title Other titles Place of origin Date first recorded Origin
Ah! vous dirai-je, maman 'Oh! Shall I tell you, Mama' France 1774[4][5] Anonymous pastoral song dating from 1740.[6]
Aiken Drum Scotland 1820[7] Possible Jacobite song about the Battle of Sheriffmuir.
Apple Pie ABC England 1671[8] Earliest mention is from a religious work.[8]
Akka bakka bonka rakka Norway 1901[9] Nora Kobberstad's Norsk Lekebok (Book of Norwegian Games).[9]
All The Pretty Little Horses 'All the Pretty Horses', 'Hush-a-bye' United States 1903[10][a] The song is commonly thought to be of African-American origin.[11]
Apples and Bananas 'Oopples and Boo-noo-noos' North America Unknown Unknown
Arthur o' Bower England 1805[12] Arthur o' Bower, has been identified as King Arthur, perhaps in his aspect as a storm god.[13][14]
A Sailor Went To Sea 'My Father Went to Sea'[15] England Unknown Unknown
A Wise Old Owl 'There was an owl lived in an oak, wisky, wasky, weedle.' England 1875[16] First published in Punch on April 10, 1875.
A-Tisket, A-Tasket United States 1879[17] Originally noted in 1879 as a children's rhyming game.
A-Hunting We Will Go England 1777[18] Composed in 1777 by English composer Thomas Arne.
Akai Kutsu '赤い靴' or 'Red Shoes' Japan 1922 Poem by Ujō Noguchi, a basis on factual events is disputed.
Alphabet Song Several other titles...[b] United States 1835[19] The melody in this format was first copyrighted in 1835 by Boston music publisher Charles Bradlee.
Alouette Canada 1870[20] Mentiond in "A Pocket Song Book for the Use of Students and Graduates of McGill Colle".
Animal Fair United States 1898[21] Origin unknown, sung by minstrels and sailors as early as 1898.
Ants Go Marching United States Unknown The melody dates to 1863 as 'When Johnny Comes Marching Home'.
As I was going by Charing Cross 'As I was going to Charing Cross' England Unknown Origin unknown, the rhyme is thought to refer to the equestrian statue of Charles I.
As I was going to St Ives England 1730 c. 1730[22] Exact origin unknown.
Baa, Baa, Black Sheep England 1744[23] First mentioned in Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book.
Backe, backe Kuchen 'Bake a Cake, Bake a Cake' Germany Unknown The original form of the text with the rhymed list of ingredients can be found as early as 1450 in Maister Hannsen's von Wirtenberg Koch Cookbook.
Bahay Kubo 'Field House' Philippines Unknown Tagalog-language folk song from the lowlands of Luzon, Philippines.
Baloo Baleerie 'The Bressay Lullaby' Scotland 1949 Alliterative nonsense based around the Scots word for lullaby, "baloo".
Billy Boy United States 1912 Variant of the traditional English folk song "My Boy Billy", collected by Ralph Vaughan Williams.
Bingo 'The Farmer's Dog Leapt o'er the Stile', 'A Franklyn's Dogge', 'Little Bingo' England 1780[24][25] Attributed the song to William Swords, an actor at the Haymarket Theatre of London. The identity of "Bingo" in the song is formally ambiguous.
Bobby Shafto's Gone to Sea 'Bobby Shafto' England 1805[26] 18th century British politician Bobby Shafto is a likely subject for this song.
Bye, Baby Bunting England 1731[27] A version of this rhyme was first published in 1731 in England.
The Cat Sat Asleep by the Side of the Fire England Unknown Unknown
Chizhik-Pyzhik 'Чи́жик-Пы́жик' Russia 1994 The origin of this song is unclear.
Christmas Is Coming United States 1885[28] Origin unknown, the lyrics begin appearing in print in 1885.
Cock-a-Doodle Doo England 1765[29] The first two lines were originally used to mock the cockerel's (rooster in US) "crow".
Come Follow Me (To the Redwood Tree) 'Come Follow Me' United States Unknown Unknown
Coulter's Candy 'Ally Bally', 'Ally Bally Bee'[30] Scotland 1845 Advertising jingle for a aniseed-flavoured confectionery manufactured in Melrose.[31]
Dandini Dandini Dastana 'Dan-dini Dan-dini Dastana', 'Dandini', 'Dan-dini' Turkey Unknown Unknown
Did You Ever See a Lassie? Scotland
United States 		1909[32] The words to the song may have come from Scottish immigrants or Scottish-Americans because of the aforementioned terms.
Diddle, Diddle, Dumpling, My Son John England 1797[33] This song may be derived from 'Diddle, diddle, diddle Dumpling', a traditional street cry of hot dumpling sellers.
Ding Dong Bell 'Ding Dong Dell' England 1580[34] The earliest recorded reference to the rhyme is from John Lant, the organist of Winchester Cathedral in 1580.
Do Your Ears Hang Low? 'Do your balls hang low' England 1900[35] "Do Your Ears Hang Low?" is a sanitized version of the original song.
Doctor Foster England 1844[36] The rhyming of 'puddle' with 'middle' suggests that it may have originally been the archaic 'piddle' for a stream and that the verse may therefore be much older.
Dong, Dong, Dongdaemun '동, 동, 동대문' Korea Unknown Possibly borrowed from the German carol Lasst uns froh und munter sein.
Down By the Bay England Unknown The actual origin of this song is uncertain.
Down By The Station 'Down at the Station', 'Down by the station early in the morning' United States 1947[37] The origin of this song is unknown.
Down Down Baby 'Roller Coaster'[38][39] United States Unknown Origin unknown, this has been used in various songs and media productions since the mid 20th century.[40]
Eeny, Meeny, Miny, Moe 'Eenie, Meenie, Minie, Mo' Unknown[c] 1819 < 1820[41] Unknown
Eeper Weeper 'Heeper Peeper' England Unknown Unknown
Finger Family Unknown 2007 Origin unknown, this song first appeared on YouTube in 2007.[42]
Five Little Ducks 'May Limang Pato Akong Nakita'[citation needed] Unknown Unknown Unknown
Five Little Monkeys '5 Little Monkeys', 'Five Little Monkeys Jumping On The Bed', '5 Little Monkeys Jumping On The Bed' United States Unknown Origin unknown, this song uses a similar tune to Hush, Little Baby and Shortnin' Bread.
Five Little Speckled Frogs '5 Green & Speckled Frogs' United States Unknown Unknown
For He's a Jolly Good Fellow 'The Bear Went Over The Mountain' France
England 		1709[43] From the French song Malbrough s'en va-t-en guerre.
Foxy's Hole England Unknown Origin unknown, possibly from the 16th century.
Frère Jacques 'Brother John', 'Are You Sleeping', 'Are you sleeping, Brother John?' France 1780 c. 1780[44] The earliest version of the song's melody is on a French manuscript.
Frog Went A-Courting 'Frog Wen A-Courtin'' Scotland
England 		1549 First mentioned in The Complaynt of Scotland, it later appeared in 1611 as an English song by Thomas Ravenscroft.
Georgie Porgie 'Georgy Peorgy' England 1841[45] Origin unknown, first appeared in The Kentish Coronal where the rhyme was described as an "old ballad".
Girls and Boys Come Out to Play 'Boys and Girls Come Out to Play' England 1708[46] The song's title may date back to the time when children were expected to work during the daylight hours, and play was reserved for late in the evening.
Goosey Goosey Gander England 1784[47] The earliest recorded version of this rhyme is in Gammer Gurton's Garland or The Nursery Parnassus published in London in 1784.
Green Gravel England 1835[48] Green Gravel was a dramatic representation of mourning.[49]
Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark 'Hark, Hark' England 1788[50] Origin unknown, this could date anywhere from the late 11th century to the early 18th century. The rhyme was first published in 1788.[50]
Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes 'Head and Shoulders, Knees and Toes', 'Head and Shoulders' United States 1912[51] Origin unknown, lyrics from this song are mentioned as early as 1912.
Here Comes an Old Soldier from Botany Bay 'Here Comes an Old Soldier' or 'Old Soldier Unknown Unknown This nursery rhyme is known in Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom and dates to at least the late nineteenth century.[52]
Here We Go Looby Loo 'Looby Loo', 'Loopty Loo', 'Loop de Loo', 'Here We Go Loopty Loo' United States 1849 Unknown
Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush 'Mulberry Bush', 'This Is the Way', 'This is the way (we)' England 1750 c. 1750 While the tune is from The Beggar's Opera, this was adapted into a children's game in the mid-nineteenth century.[53][54]
Hey Diddle Diddle 'Hi Diddle Diddle', 'The Cat and the Fiddle', 'The Cow Jumped Over the Moon' England 1765 c. 1765[55] The rhyme itself may date back to at least the sixteenth century. Early medieval illuminated manuscripts depicting a cat playing a fiddle were also popular images.[56]
Hickory Dickory Dock 'Hickety Dickety Dock' England 1744[57] Origin proposals range from a counting-out rhyme to the astronomical clock at Exeter Cathedral.
The Hokey Cokey 'Hokey Pokey' England 1842[58] The exact origin is unknown.
Hot Cross Buns England 1767[59] This originated as an English street cry that was later perpetuated as a nursery rhyme. The words closest to the rhyme that has survived were printed in 1767.
How Many Miles to Babylon? Scotland 1801 c. 1801[60] Origin unknown, but studies have suggested the rhyme may be older than attested.
Humpty Dumpty England 1797[61]
Hush Little Baby 'Hush Little baby, don't say a word' United States 1918[62]
I Can Sing a Rainbow 'Sing a Rainbow', 'I Can see a Rainbow' United States 1955
Ichinensei Ni Nattara '一年生になったら' or 'When I Become A First Grader' Japan 1966
If Wishes Were Horses, Beggars Would Ride 'If wishes were horses' Britain 1605[63]
If You're Happy and You Know It 'If You Are Happy and You're Know it', 'If You're Happy and You're Know it, Clap Your Hands' USA 1916
I Do Not Like Thee, Doctor Fell England 1680[64][65]
I Had a Little Nut Tree England 1797[66]
I Have Two Hands Philippines Unknown
I'm a Little Teapot United States 1939[67]
I'll Tell Me Ma 'The Wind' England Unknown
I've Been Working On The Railroad 'Working on the Railroad', 'I Have Been Working on the Railroad' United States 1894[68]
I Love Little Pussy 'I Love Little Kitty' England 1830[69]
It's Raining, It's Pouring England 1912[70]
Itsy Bitsy Spider 'Eensy Weensy Spider', 'Insey Winsey Spider', 'Incy Wincy Spider', 'The Itsy Bitsy Spider' England Unknown
Jack and Jill 'Jack and Gill' England 1765 c. 1765[71]
Jack-a-Nory England 1760 c. 1760[72]
Jack Be Nimble England 1815 c. 1815[73]
Jack Sprat England 1639[74]
John Jacob Jingleheimer Schmidt Unknown Unknown Origin unknown, some evidence places its roots with vaudeville and theatre acts of the late 19th century and early 20th century popular in immigrant communities.
Johnny Johnny Yes Papa Unknown 1958 c. 1958
Kookaburra 'Kookaburra sits in the old gum tree' Australia 1932[75]
Ladybird, Ladybird 'Ladybug Ladybug' Britain 1744 c. 1744[76]
Lavender's Blue 'Lavender Blue' England 1675 c. 1675[77]
Little Arabella Miller Unknown Unknown
Little Bo-Peep 'Little Bo-Peep has lost her sheep' England 1805 c. 1805[78]
Little Boy Blue England 1744 c. 1744[79]
Little Jack Horner 'Little Jack Horner sat in a corner' England 1791[80]
Little Miss Muffet 'Little Miss Muffet sat on a tuffet' England 1805[81]
Little Poll Parrot England 1853
Little Robin Redbreast England 1744[82]
Little Tommy Tucker England 1744[83]
London Bridge Is Falling Down 'My Fair Lady' or 'London Bridge' England 1744[84]
Lucy Locket 'Lucy Locket lost her pocket' England 1842[85]
Mary Had a Little Lamb 'Mary had a Little Lamb, Little Lamb, Little Lamb' United States 1830[86]
Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary England 1744[87]
Matthew, Mark, Luke and John "Black Paternoster" Britain 1656[88]
Miss Polly had a Dolly 'Miss Molly Had a Dolly', 'Miss Polly', 'Miss Polly had a little dolly', 'Miss Polly had a dolly who was sick, sick, sick', 'Miss Molly had a dolly who was sick, sick, sick' Scotland 1986[89]
Monday's Child England 1836[90]
Needles and Pins England 1842[91]
Nuts in May 'Gathering Nuts in May' England 1894
Oh Dear! What Can the Matter Be? 'Johnny's So Long at the Fair' England 1775c. 1775[92]
Old King Cole England 1709[93]
Old MacDonald Had a Farm 'Old McDonald Had a Farm', 'Old MacDonald', 'Old McDonald', 'Ol' McDonald', 'Ol' McDonald Had a Farm', 'Ol' MacDonald', 'Ol' MacDonald' England Unknown
Old Mother Hubbard England 1805[94][95]
On Top of Spaghetti 'The Meatball Song' United States 1963 Children's parody by Tom Glazer of the song "On Top of Old Smoky".
One for Sorrow Britain c. 1780
One Potato, Two Potato 'One Potato, Two Potatoes' England 1870
One, Two, Buckle My Shoe '1, 2, Buckle My Shoe' USA or UK 1805
One, Two, Three, Four, Five '1, 2, 3, 4, 5', '1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Once I Caught A Fish Alive', 'One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Once I Caught A Fish Alive' England c. 1765
Oranges and Lemons England c. 1744
Pat-a-Cake, Pat-a-Cake, Baker's Man "Pat-a-cake", "patty-cake" or "pattycake" England 1698
Pease Porridge Hot 'Peas Porridge Hot' or 'Pease Pudding Hot' England c. 1765
Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater USA c. 1825
Peter Piper England 1813
Polly Put the Kettle On England 1803
Polly Wolly Doodle USA
Poor Mary 'Poor Jenny' or 'Poor Sally' England 1880s
Pop Goes the Weasel England 1852
Pretty Little Dutch Girl USA 1940s
The Queen of Hearts Britain 1782
Pussy Cat Pussy Cat Britain 1805
Rain Rain Go Away 'Rain, Rain Go Away, come again another day' England 17th century or earlier
Ride a Cock Horse to Banbury Cross 'Ride a Cock Horse', 'Ride a White Horse to Banbury Cross' England 1784
Ring-a-Ring o' Roses 'Ring Around the Rosie' England 1881
Rock-a-bye Baby 'Hush a bye Baby', 'Rock a Bye Baby on the treetop' England c. 1765
Roses Are Red England 1784
Round and Round the Garden Britain 1940s
Row, Row, Row Your Boat USA 1852
Rub-a-Dub Dub England 1798
See Saw Margery Daw Britain c. 1765
Sea shanty 'chantey' or 'chanty' Britain, Scotland Or Ireland
Shabondama 'シャボン玉' or 'Soap Bubbles' Japan 1922
She'll Be Coming Round The Mountain 'When She Comes', 'She'll be Coming Around the Mountain (When she comes)', 'She will be coming round (around) the mountain (when she comes)' USA
Simple Simon England 1764
Sing a Song of Sixpence England c. 1744
Skidamarink 'Skinnamarink', 'Ski-dy-mer-rink-adink-aboomp', 'Skiddy-Mer-Rink-A-Doo' USA 1910
Skip to my Lou 'Skip to my Lou, My Darling', 'Skip to the Lou' USA 1840s
Solomon Grundy Britain 1842
Soft Kitty USA
Star Light, Star Bright USA late 19th century
Sticks and Stones Britain before 1872
Taffy was a Welshman England c. 1780
Ten in the Bed 'There were ten in the Bed', '10 in the Bed', 'There were 10 in the bed' USA
Ten Green Bottles 'Ten Green Bottles hanging on the wall', '10 Green Bottles hanging on the Wall', '10 Green Bottles' UK 1830
Ten Little Indians USA 1868
The Farmer in the Dell 'The Farmer's in his Den' Germany 1820
The Grand Old Duke of York 'The Noble Duke of York' England 1642
The Lion and the Unicorn England 1708-1709
The More We Get Together USA 1679
The Moon Has Been Arisen Germany 1779
The Muffin Man 'Do you know the muffin man?' England c. 1820
The Old Woman and her Pig 'The Old Woman who found a Silver Penny' England
The Three Jovial Huntsmen Britain 1880
The Three Sisters England 1823[96] 19th century ballad.
There Was a Crooked Man Britain 1842
There Was a Man in Our Town 'The Wondrous Wise Man' or 'There Wan a Man in Thessaly' England 1897
There was an Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe England 1794
There Was an Old Woman Who Lived Under a Hill England 1714
This Is The House That Jack Built 'The House That Jack Built' England 1755
This Little Light of Mine 'This Little Light of Mine, I’m gonna let it shine' USA 1925
This Little Piggy 'This Little Pig' England c. 1760
This Old Man 'Nick Nack Paddy Whack', 'Knick Knack Paddywhack', 'Nick Nack Paddywhack', 'Knick Knack Paddy Whack' England 1906
Three Blind Mice England 1609
Three Little Kittens USA 1843
Three Wise Men of Gotham England c. 1765
Thumbelina USA 1951
Tinker, Tailor England 1695
To Market, to Market England 1611
Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son Britain 1795
Tweedledum and Tweedledee Britain 1805
The Twelve Days of Christmas England Or Britain c. 1780
Twinkle Twinkle Little Star (Lyrics) France, UK 1806
Two Little Dickie Birds 'Two Little Black Birds' Britain c. 1765
Two Tigers 'Two Little Tigers' or 'Liang Zhi Lao Hu' China 1845
Walking, Walking 'Walking, Walking, hop, hop, hop' USA
Weddings and Funerals England
Wee Willie Winkie Scotland 1841
Weißt du, wie viel Sternlein stehen 'Do you know how many stars there are?' Germany 1837
What Are Little Boys Made Of? 'What Are Little Girls Made Of?' Britain c. 1820
When I was a Bachelor England c. 1833[97]
When the Boat Comes In North East England 1826
When the Saints Go Marching in USA 1923
Where is Thumbkin USA
Where, O Where Has My Little Dog Gone? 'Der Deitcher's Dog' Germany 1846
Who Killed Cock Robin? 'The Cock Robin Song' England c. 1744
Who stole the cookie from the cookie jar? 'Who stole the cookie'. 'Who took the cookie', 'Who took the cookie from the cookie jar?', 'Cookie jar song' England
Wind the Bobbin Up England 1890s
Wynken, Blynken, and Nod USA 1889
Yankee Doodle USA 1780s
Yon Yonson 'Jon Jonson', 'Jan Jansen', 'Yan Yansen', 'Yohn Yohnson', 'John Johnson' USA 1890

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ This is an early published version under the name "A White Dove".
  2. ^ "The ABC Song" is also referred to as "Now I Know My ABCs", "The ABC", "ABC Song", "ABCs" /ˌeɪ.biːˈsiːz/ or "ABC" /ˌeɪ.biːˈsiː/, as well as "The Alphabet Song", "The Alphabet", "Alphabet Song" or "Alphabet".
  3. ^ Since many similar counting-out rhymes existed earlier, it is difficult to know this song's exact origin.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Holden, Robert (1992). Twinkle, Twinkle, Southern Cross: The Forgotten Folklore of Australian Nursery Rhymes. Canberra: National Library Australia. p. 1. ISBN 064210560X.
  2. ^ Bathroom Readers' Institute (2011). Uncle John's Endlessly Engrossing Bathroom Reader. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781607104599.
  3. ^ Styles, Morag (1997). From the Garden to the Street: Three Hundred Years of Poetry for Children. London: Cassell. p. 84. ISBN 0304332240.
  4. ^ Charles de Lusse (1774). Recueil de romances historiques, tendres et burlesques, tant anciennes que modernes, avec les airs notés. Vol. 2. p. 75. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  5. ^ The chronology is based on an account by Bob Kosovsky, librarian at the Music Division of the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, 2001.
  6. ^ Henri Davenson (pseudonym of Henri-Irénée Marrou), Le livre des chansons, Neuchâtel, Éditions de la Baconnière, 1944, p. 567.
  7. ^ National Library of Scotland digital archive "Second series - Jacobite relics of Scotland". September 2024.
  8. ^ a b Peter & Iona Opie (1997): The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford and New York, 2nd edition), pp. 53-4.
  9. ^ a b Hagemann, Sonja (1970). Barnelitteratur i Norge 1850–1914. Oslo: Aschehoug. pp. 269–270.
  10. ^ Lindsay, Maud (October 1903). "A White Dove". Kindergarten Review. 14 (2). Springfield, Mass.: 106.
  11. ^ Gupta, Sudip Das (2020-12-22). "All the Pretty Little Horses". Poem Analysis. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  12. ^ Wu, Duncan (1995). Wordsworth's Reading 1800–1815. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 248. ISBN 9780521496742. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  13. ^ Ashe, Geoffrey (1973) [1957]. King Arthur's Avalon: The Story of Glastonbury. London: Fontana. p. 81. ISBN 9780006332251. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  14. ^ Kelly, Walter K. (1863). Curiosities of Indo-European Tradition and Folk-Lore. London: Chapman & Hall. pp. 283–284. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  15. ^ The British Library. "Clapping games - A sailor went to sea, sea, sea". Playtimes. The British Library. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  16. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 403.
  17. ^ W. E. Studwell and M. Baldin, The big band reader: songs favored by swing era orchestras and other popular ensembles (Haworth Press, 2000), p. 35
  18. ^ Kelly, Ian (2012). Mr Foote's Other Leg: Comedy, Tragedy and Murder in Georgian London. Pan Macmillan. p. 15.
  19. ^ Uitti, Jacob (June 15, 2023). "The Meaning Behind the ABCs of "The Alphabet Song"". American Songwriter. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
  20. ^ Plouffe, Hélène. ""Alouette!"". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  21. ^ "The Chicago record's war stories". 1898. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  22. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 376–7.
  23. ^ Opie, Iona & Opie, Peter, eds. (1997) [1951]. The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 101. ISBN 0-19-860088-7 – via Internet Archive.
  24. ^ Gilchrist A. G., Lucy E. Broadwood, Frank Kidson. (1915.) "Songs Connected with Customs". Journal of the Folk-Song Society 5(19):204–220, p. 216–220.
  25. ^ Highfill, Philip H., Kalman A. Burnim, Edward A. Langhans, "Swords, William", in A Biographical Dictionary of Actors (1991), vol. 14, p. 355.
  26. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 90–1.
  27. ^ "Weekly Essays". The Gentleman's Magazine. No. IV. London, England. April 1731. p. 150.
  28. ^ "School Rhymes". Bye-Gones, Relating to Wales and the Border Counties: 264. July 1885. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  29. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 128.
  30. ^ "15 famous songs every Scot will know". Scotsman.com. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  31. ^ "Legend of sweetie salesman unwrapped". Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  32. ^ "Did You Ever See A Lassie". TwinkleTrax Children's Songs. 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  33. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie (1951). The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 245–6. (2nd ed. 1997)
  34. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 149.
  35. ^ Cray, Ed (1992). The Erotic Muse: American Bawdy Songs (2nd ed.). Urbana: University of Illinois Press. pp. 336–38. ISBN 9780252017810.
  36. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 173.
  37. ^ "secondhandsongs.com". secondhandsongs.com. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  38. ^ "Roller Coaster". Fun Clapping. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  39. ^ "15 Awesome Hand Clapping Games with Video". Icebreaker Ideas. March 10, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  40. ^ "Down Down Baby". The British Library. Archived from the original on September 26, 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  41. ^ I. & P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 1952), p. 12.
  42. ^ "'I did not choose The Finger Family Adventures, it chose me'". the Sudbury Star. November 24, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  43. ^ Catalogue of rare books of and relating to music. London: Ellis. 1728. p. 32.
  44. ^ Robert Cummings. Frère Jacques (Are You Sleeping), traditional children's song (a.k.a. Bruder Jakob) at AllMusic
  45. ^ The Kentish coronal, original prose and poetry by persons connected with the county of Kent, ed. by H.G. Adams, p.44
  46. ^ William S. Baring-Gould and Ceil Baring-Gould, The Annotated Mother Goose, p. 35.
  47. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 191–2.
  48. ^ Opie, I.; Opie, P. (1985). The Singing Game. Oxford University Press. pp. 239–242.
  49. ^ "Green Gravel". Mainly Norfolk: English Folk and Other Good Music. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  50. ^ a b "Hark Hark". vwml.org. English Folk Dance and Song Society. Retrieved 10 December 2017. Note that the rhyme does not appear in an 1814 reprint done in Scotland. See Lovechild, Nurse (1814). Tommy Thumb's Song Book: For All Little Masters and Misses. Ross's juvenile library. Glasgow: J. Lumsden.
  51. ^ "The Children's Friend, September 1912, No. 9, p. 484".
  52. ^ George Laurence Gomme, A Dictionary of British Folklore, (London: David Nutt, 1898), 24.
  53. ^ A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press. 1975. p. 239.
  54. ^ J. Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps, Popular Rhymes and Nursery Tales: A Sequel to The Nursery Rhymes of England (London: John Russell Smith, 1849), p. 127.
  55. ^ I. Opie and P. Opie (1977). The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes. Oxford University Press. p. 202. ISBN 978-0-19-869111-2.
  56. ^ Meetings with Remarkable Manuscripts (Penguin Random House, 2016, 1st ed), Christopher de Hamel, p. 323
  57. ^ Iona and Peter Opie (1997). The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 185–186.
  58. ^ Andrews, Edward (1960) [First published 1940]. The Gift to be Simple: Songs, Dances and Rituals of the American Shakers. Courier Corporation. ISBN 978-0-486-20022-4.
  59. ^ Encyclopedia of Easter Celebrations Worldwide. McFarland. 2021. p. 130.
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  61. ^ Emily Upton (24 April 2013). "The Origin of Humpty Dumpty". What I Learned Today. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
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