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List of battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate

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Expansion of the Rashidun Caliphate under different caliphs (632–661)

This is the list of battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate ranked chronologically from 632, with the first caliph Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, to the last caliph in 661, Ali ibn Abi Talib.

Here is a legend to facilitate the reading of the outcomes of the battles below:

  Victory
  Defeat
  Another result*

*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside the Rashidun Caliphate, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.

Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (632–634)

[edit]
Main article: Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
Battle Date Opponents Result Sources
Start End
Wars of Apostasy
Battle of Zhu Qissa July 25, 632 July 30, 632 Rebel apostates Victory [1],[2][self-published source?],[3]
Battle of Abraq Mid-August 632 Rebel apostates Victory [4],[5]
Battle of Buzakha September 632 Rebel apostates Victory [6],[7],[3]
Battle of Zafar October 632 Rebel apostates Victory [8],[3],[9]
Battle of Ghamra 632 Rebel apostates Victory [10],[8],[11]
Battle of Daumat-ul-Jandal June 14, 633 September 10, 633 Rebel apostates Victory [12],[3],[13]
Battle of Dibba November 633 Rebel apostates Victory [6],[14],[15]
Battle of Al-Yamama 633 Rebel apostates Victory [16],[17],[18]
Battle of Nujair 633 Rebel apostates Victory [19],[16],[20]
Battle of Naqra 632 633 Rebel apostates Victory [21],[22],[11]
Muslim conquest of Persia
Battle of the Chains / Kazima April 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [23],[24],[25]
Battle of the River April 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [26],[27],[28]
Battle of Walaja May 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [26],[29],[28]
Battle of Husayd 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [30],[31],[32]
Battle of Ullais May 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [26],[33],[28]
Siege of Al-Hira May 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [34],[35],[28]
Siege of al-Anbar July 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [36],[28],[33]
Battle of Ayn al-Tamr July 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [36],[28],[37]
Battle of Muzayyah November 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [36],[38],[39]
Battle of Muzieh November 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [40],[41],[42]
Battle of Sanni November 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [40],[42],[41]
Battle of Zumail November 633 Sassanian Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [39],[43],[41]
Battle of Firaz December 633 Sassanian Empire
Byzantine Empire
Arab Christians 		Victory [42],[44],[39]
1st Battle of Babylon June 634 July 634 Sassanian Empire Victory [45],[46],[47]
Byzantine–Arab Wars
Expedition of Usama bin Zayd June 632 Byzantine Empire
Ghassanid Kingdom 		Victory [48],[49],[50]
Battle of Dathin February 4, 634 Byzantine Empire Victory [51],[52],[53]
Battle of Marj Rahit April 24, 634 Ghassanid Kingdom
Byzantine Empire 		Victory [54],[55],[56]
Battle of al-Qaryatayn June 634 Ghassanid Kingdom
 Victory [57]
Battle of Sanita-al-Uqab 634 Byzantine Empire
 Victory [58]
Battle of Bosra June–July 634 Ghassanid Kingdom
Byzantine Empire 		Victory [59],[60],[61]
Battle of Ajnadayn July 30, 634 August 634 Byzantine Empire Victory [52],[62],[63]
Battle of Fahl December 634 January 635 Byzantine Empire Victory [64],[65],[66]

Umar ibn al-Khattab (634–644)

[edit]
Main article: Umar ibn al-Khattab
Battle Date Opponents Result Sources
Start End
Muslim conquest of Persia
Battle of Namaraq 634 Sassanian Empire Victory [67],[68],[69]
Battle of Kaskar 634 Sassanian Empire Victory [70],[71],[72]
Battle of Saqatia 634 Sassanian Empire Victory [73],[74],[75]
Battle of the Bridge October 13, 634 Sassanian Empire Defeat [76],[77],[78]
Battle of Buwaib November 635 Sassanian Empire Victory [77],[79],[80]
Battle of al-Qadisiyya November 16, 636 November 19, 636 Sassanian Empire Victory [81],[82],[83]
Battle of Burs 636 Sassanian Empire Victory [84],[85],[86]
2nd Battle of Babylon December 636 Sassanian Empire Victory [85],[87],[88]
Battle of Sura 636 637 Sassanian Empire Victory [85],[36],[89]
Battle of Deir Kab 636 637 Sassanian Empire Victory [85],[36],[89]
Battle of Kusa January 637 Sassanian Empire Victory [85],[36],[90]
Siege of Ctesiphon January 637 March 637 Sassanian Empire Victory [85],[91],[92]
Battle of Jalula April 637 Sassanian Empire Victory [93],[94],[95]
First Hormizd-Ardashir battle 637/38 Sassanian Empire Victory [96]
Second Hormizd-Ardashir battle 638 Sassanian Empire Victory [97]
Ram-Hormizd battle between 638 and 641 Sassanian Empire Victory [98]
Battle of Nahavand 642 Sassanian Empire Victory [99],[100],[101]
Siege of Gundishapur 642 Sassanian Empire Victory [102]
Siege of Shushtar 641 642 Sassanian Empire Victory [103],[104],[105]
Battle of Ispahan 642 Sassanian Empire Victory [106],[107],[108]
Battle of Waj Rudh 643 Sassanian Empire Victory [108],[109],[110]
Battle of Bayrudh 643/4 Sassanian Empire Victory [111]
Battle of Bishapur (643–644) 643–644 Sassanian Empire Victory [112],[113]
Conquest of Sistan 643–665 Sassanian Empire
Nezak Huns 		Victory [114]
Byzantine–Arab Wars
Battle of Marj al-Dibaj September 634 Byzantine Empire Victory [115],[116]
Siege of Damascus September 634 September 4, 635 Byzantine Empire Victory [117],[118],[119]
Battle of Marj al-Saffar January 23, 635 Byzantine Empire Victory [120],[121],[122]
Battle of Marj ar-Rum March 635 Byzantine Empire Victory [66],[123],[124]
1st Siege of Emesa / Homs December 635 January 636 Byzantine Empire Victory [66],[125],[126]
Battle of Yarmouk August 15, 636 August 20, 636 Byzantine Empire
Ghassanid Kingdom 		Victory [127],[128],[129]
Siege of Jerusalem January 637 End of April 637 Byzantine Empire Victory [130],[131],[132]
Battle of Qinnasrin 637 Byzantine Empire Victory [43],[133],[134]
Battle of Hazir June 637 Byzantine Empire Victory [43],[135],[136],[137]
Siege of Aleppo June 637 October 637 Byzantine Empire Victory [138],[139],[citation needed]
Battle of the Iron Bridge October 30, 637 Byzantine Empire Victory [140],[141],[142]
2nd Siege of Emesa / Homs 638 Byzantine Empire Victory [143],[144],[145]
Siege of Latakia / Laodicea 638 Byzantine Empire Victory [146],[147],[148]
Siege of Germanicia Autumn 638 Byzantine Empire Victory [149],[150],[26]
Siege of Pelusium End of 639 Early 640 Byzantine Empire Victory [151],[152],[153]
Siege of Bilbeis March 640 Byzantine Empire Victory [154],[155],[156]
Bataille de Héliopolis July 640 Byzantine Empire Victory [157],[158],[159]
Siege of Babylon Fortress October 640 April 6, 641 Byzantine Empire Victory [160],[161],[162]
Siege of Alexandria June 641 November 641 Byzantine Empire Victory [163],[164],[56]
Indo-Muslim Wars
Battle of Rasil Early 644 Rai Dynasty Victory [165],[166],[167]
Muslim-Makurian Wars
First Battle of Dongola 642 Kingdom of Makuria Defeat [168],[169],[170]

Uthman ibn Affan (644–656)

[edit]
Main article: Uthman ibn Affan
Battle Date Opponents Result Sources
Start End
Muslim conquest of Persia
Battle of Kerman 644 Sassanian Empire Victory [171],[172]
Battle of Istakhr 650-651 Sassanian Empire Victory [173]
Battle of Ray (651) 651 Sassanian Empire Victory [174]
Battle of Oxus River 651 Sassanian Empire
Göktürk Khaganate 		Victory [175],[176]
Battle of Nishapur 652 Rebels of the House of Karen Victory [177],[178],[179]
Siege of Herat 652 Rebels of the House of Karen
Hephthalites 		Victory [180],[181],[182]
Battle of Badghis 654 Rebels of the House of Karen
Hephthalites 		Victory [183]
Byzantine–Arab Wars
Siege of Theodosiopolis 645/646 Byzantine Empire Victory [184]
Siege of Dvin 645/646 Byzantine Empire Victory [185]
Battle of Nikiou 646 Byzantine Empire Victory [186],[187],[188]
Battle of Sufetula 647 Byzantine Empire Victory [189],[190],[191]
Battle of the Masts 655 Byzantine Empire Victory [192],[193],[194]
Muslim-Makurian Wars
Second Battle of Dongola 651 652 Kingdom of Makuria Defeat [168],[169],[195]

Ali ibn Abi Talib (656–661)

[edit]
Main article: Ali ibn Abi Talib
Battle Date Opponents Result Sources
Start End
First Fitna
Battle of the Camel 4 December 656 Forces of Muʿawiya & Aisha Victory [196],[197],[198]
Battle of Siffin July 657 Forces of Muʿawiya Indecisive [199],[200],[201]
Battle of Nahrawan 17 July 658 Kharijites Victory [202],[203],[204]

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Sources

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All sources
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