Kepler-23
 Kepler-23 compared to the Sun | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Cygnus[1] |
| Right ascension | 19h 36m 52.5355s[2] |
| Declination | +49° 28′ 45.253″[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 13.547[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | G2V[3] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −26.97±2.38[2] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 2.275(12) mas/yr[2] Dec.: 3.879(14) mas/yr[2] |
| Parallax (π) | 1.1395 ± 0.0101 mas[2] |
| Distance | 2,860 ± 30 ly (878 ± 8 pc) |
| Details | |
| Mass | 1.078±0.077[4] M☉ |
| Radius | 1.548±0.048[4] R☉ |
| Luminosity | ~2.3[5] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.00±0.14[5] cgs |
| Temperature | 5828±100[4] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.09±0.14[5] dex |
| Age | 4-8[5] Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
| KIC | data |
Kepler-23 is a G-type main-sequence star about 2,860 light-years (880 parsecs) away in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. With an apparent visual magnitude of 13.5,[3] it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. This star is similar in mass and temperature to the Sun, but is larger and more luminous.[5][4] Kepler-23 is orbited by three known exoplanets.[6]
Planetary system
[edit]Three transiting exoplanets orbit this star, discovered using the Kepler space telescope. Two planets, Kepler-23b and Kepler-23c, were discovered in 2011 and were confirmed in 2012.[5] A third planet, Kepler-23d, was confirmed in 2014 as part of a study validating hundreds of Kepler candidates.[7] All three planets are between Earth and Neptune in size (sub-Neptunes), and their masses have been measured via transit-timing variations, showing that they have lower densities than Earth.[4]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | 2.56+0.43 −0.40 M🜨 |
0.075 | 7.106995(73) | 0.017+0.019 −0.014 |
— | 1.638±0.047 R🜨 |
| c | 7.81+1.32 −1.20 M🜨 |
0.099 | 10.742434(39) | 0.021+0.009 −0.014 |
— | 3.005±0.074 R🜨 |
| d | 4.44+1.30 −1.21 M🜨 |
0.124 | 15.27429(17) | 0.010+0.014 −0.008 |
— | 2.206±0.057 R🜨 |
References
[edit]- ^ "Cygnus – constellation boundary", The Constellations, International Astronomical Union, retrieved 2011-12-15
- ^ a b c d e Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c d "Kepler-23". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f Leleu, A.; Delisle, J.-B.; et al. (January 2023). "Removing biases on the density of sub-Neptunes characterised via transit timing variations. Update on the mass-radius relationship of 34 Kepler planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 669: A117. arXiv:2207.07456. Bibcode:2023A&A...669A.117L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244132.
- ^ a b c d e f Ford, Eric B.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Steffen, Jason H.; Carter, Joshua A.; Fressin, Francois; Holman, Matthew J.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Moorhead, Althea V.; Morehead, Robert C.; Ragozzine, Darin; Rowe, Jason F.; Welsh, William F.; Allen, Christopher; Batalha, Natalie M.; Borucki, William J.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Burke, Christopher J.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Charbonneau, David; Clarke, Bruce D.; Cochran, William D.; Désert, Jean-Michel; Endl, Michael; Everett, Mark E.; Fischer, Debra A.; Gautier III, Thomas N.; Gilliland, Ron L.; Jenkins, Jon M.; et al. (2012), "Transit Timing Observations Fromkepler. Ii. Confirmation of Two Multiplanet Systems Via a Non-Parametric Correlation Analysis", The Astrophysical Journal, 750 (2): 113, arXiv:1201.5409, Bibcode:2012ApJ...750..113F, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/113, S2CID 4528963
- ^ "Kepler-23 Overview". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
- ^ Rowe, Jason F.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Jontof-Hutter, Daniel; Mullally, Fergal; Gilliland, Ronald L.; Issacson, Howard; Ford, Eric; Howell, Steve B.; Borucki, William J.; Haas, Michael; Huber, Daniel; Steffen, Jason H.; Thompson, Susan E.; Quintana, Elisa; Barclay, Thomas; Still, Martin; Fortney, Jonathan; Gautier III, T. N.; Hunter, Roger; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Ciardi Edna Devore, David R.; Cochran, William; Jenkins, Jon; Agol, Eric; Carter, Joshua A.; Geary, John (2014), Validation of Kepler's Multiple Planet Candidates. III: Light Curve Analysis & Announcement of Hundreds of New Multi-planet Systems, arXiv:1402.6534, Bibcode:2014ApJ...784...45R, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/784/1/45, S2CID 119118620
- ^ Van Eylen, Vincent; Albrecht, Simon (2015), "Eccentricity from Transit Photometry: Small Planets in Kepler Multi-Planet Systems Have Low Eccentricities", The Astrophysical Journal, 808 (2): 126, arXiv:1505.02814, Bibcode:2015ApJ...808..126V, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/126, S2CID 14405731
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