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Jules Patenôtre des Noyers

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Jules Patenôtre des Noyers
French Ambassador to Spain
In office
1897–1902
Preceded byThe Marquis of Reverseaux
Succeeded byJules Cambon
French Ambassador to the United States
In office
1891–1897
Preceded byThéodore Roustan
Succeeded byJules Cambon
French Minister to the Sultanate of Morocco
In office
1888–1890
French Minister to China
In office
1884–1886
Preceded byArthur Tricou
Succeeded byJean Antoine Ernest Constans
French Minister to Sweden
In office
1880–1883
Preceded byRobert de Tamisier
Succeeded byCharles Le Peletier d'Aunay
Personal details
Born(1845-04-20)20 April 1845
Baye, Marne, France
Died26 December 1925(1925-12-26) (aged 80)
Menton, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
Spouse
Eleanor Elverson
​
​
(m. 1894; died 1925)​
ChildrenRaymond Patenôtre
Yvonne Patenôtre
RelativesJacqueline Thome-Patenôtre (daughter-in-law)
Alma materÉcole Normale Supérieure
Signature

Jules Patenôtre des Noyers (20 April 1845 – 26 December 1925) was a French diplomat.

Early life

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Patenôtre was born in Baye (Marne) on 20 April 1845. He was the son of Charles Patenôtre (1814–1878) and Hortense Philipponnat (1822–1906). His paternal grandparents were Nicolas Pierre Patenôtre and Marie Justine (née Radet) Patenôtre. His maternal grandparents were Philippe Louis Philipponnat and Rosalie (née Bouché) Philipponnat.[1][2]

Educated at the École Normale Supérieure, he taught for some years in the Algiers lycée before he joined the diplomatic service in 1871.[1]

Career

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He took service from 1873 to 1876 in the North of Persia. In 1880, he was appointed minister plenipotentiary in Stockholm, Sweden, succeeding Robert de Tamisier. He served until 1883 when he was replaced by Charles Le Peletier d'Aunay.[2]

China

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In September 1883 he was named French minister to China and could conduct his most important mission in 1884, when he was sent as to regularize the French dominion in the Vietnamese protectorate state of Annam. The Harmand Treaty of 25 August 1883 had not been ratified by the French parliament and had upset the Chinese government. Patenôtre left Marseille at the end of April 1884 with a modified version of the treaty drafted by the Quai d'Orsay for signature by the king of Annam.[3] At the end of May, he moved to a military vessel near Cap Saint-Jacques, learnt about the end of the Sino-French war and the Tientsin Accord of 11 May and received additional instructions from Paris. He arrived in Hải Phòng on 26 May and in Huế on 30 May,[4] and started discussions with Nguyễn Văn Tường, the Regent.[5] On 6 June 1884, the imperial Chinese seal - a symbol of the vassal status of Annam which had been given to Gia Long - was melted and the Patenôtre Treaty was signed.[6]

He then proceeded to Shanghai where he arrived on 1 July[7] to settle with China the difficulties which had arisen over the evacuation of the Chinese troops from Tongking. The negotiation failed, and the French admiral Sébastien Lespès resumed hostilities against China in August 1884. The next year Patenôtre signed with Li Hongzhang a treaty of peace at Tientsin, by which the French protectorate in Annam and Tongking was recognized, and both parties agreed to remain within their own borders in the future.[8]

Morocco

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From 1888 to 1891, Patenôtre served as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Sultanate of Morocco. In 1912, the Sultanate became a French protectorate when Sultan Abd al-Hafid signed the Treaty of Fez, following the French military occupation with the invasion of Oujda and the bombardment of Casablanca in 1907.[9]

United States

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In December 1891, Patenôtre was presented his credentials in Washington, D.C. as the French Minister to the United States, succeeding Théodore Roustan. Roustan had been appointed the French Ambassador in Madrid, a post Patenôtre himself was appointed several years later.[10] Two years after being in Washington, he was raised to the rank of ambassador. He served as Ambassador until December 1897 when he was transferred to Spain,[11] and presented his letters of recall to President William McKinley.[12] He was succeeded by Jules Cambon, a former governor-general of Algeria.[13]

Spain

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Like his predecessor Roustan in the United States, he was appointed ambassador to Spain at Madrid in 1897. Roustan had retired from the post in Madrid in 1894 and was succeeded by Frederic Guéau, Marquis of Reverseaux, who was replaced by Patenôtre. Patenôtre was received by the Queen Regent in Madrid on 29 December.[14] While he was Ambassador, the Spanish–American War broke out in 1898, which was resolved by the Treaty of Paris of 1898. He "seconded the efforts of the French Government for the re-establishment of peace at the time of the" War.[15] He was rumoured to have been transferred to Constantinople in 1898, but they were unfounded.[16] He retired in 1902 and was, again, succeeded as Ambassador by Jules Cambon in his post.[17][18]

He was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order of Legion d'Honneur in 1902.[19]

Personal life

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On 27 March 1894, Patenôtre was married to Eleanor Louise "Nellie" Elverson (1870–1953) at 2024 Walnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the home of her father. The witnesses were Sir Julian Pauncefote, British Ambassador, and Prince Cantacuzino, Russian Ambassador.[20] The sister of James Elverson, Jr., and daughter of publisher James Elverson, Sr. by wife Sallie Duvall (the three of them owners of The Philadelphia Inquirer).[21][22] Together, they had two daughters and a son:[23]

Patenôtre died on 26 December 1925 at Menton, a commune in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on the French Riviera, close to the Italian border.[15]

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References

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  1. ^ a b  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Pâtenôtre des Noyers, Jules". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ^ a b Devillers, Philippe (1998) Français et annamites . Partenaires ou ennemis ? 1856-1902, Denoël, Coll. Destins croisés, L'aventure coloniale de la France, Paris, 1998, 517 pp.
  3. ^ Billot 1886 p.165-166, 172.
  4. ^ Devillers (1998) p.271.
  5. ^ After the brief reign of Hiệp Hoà (30 July 1883 - 18 November 1883), the new emperor Kiến Phúc was only 15 years old. He reigned only from 2 December 1883 to 21 July 1884 under the regents Nguyễn Văn Tường and Tôn Thất Thuyết.
  6. ^ Billot (1886) p.172-175; Devillers (1998) pp.271-272.
  7. ^ McAleavy 1968, p. 244; Billot 1886 p.194.
  8. ^ Billot, Albert (1886) L'affaire du Tonkin. Histoire diplomatique de l'établissement de notre protectorat sur l'Annam et de notre conflit avec la Chine, 1882-1885, par un diplomate, J. Hetzel et Cie, éditeurs, Paris, vi+ 430 pp.
  9. ^ Miller, Susan Gilson. (2013). A history of modern Morocco. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-62469-5. OCLC 855022840.
  10. ^ "M. Patenotre in Washington". The New York Times. 2 September 1900. p. 4. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  11. ^ "Ambassador Patenotre's Transfer". The New York Times. 19 September 1897. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  12. ^ "M. PATENOTRE'S RECALL. The French Ambassador Will Leave for Paris on Saturday". The New York Times. 25 November 1897. p. 3. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  13. ^ Tabouis, Genevieve R. (1938) The Life of Jules Cambon.
  14. ^ "M. PATENOTRE IN MADRID". The New York Times. 30 December 1897. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  15. ^ a b "EX-AMBASSADOR DEAD. Jules Patenotre Was French Envoy Here Thirty Years Ago". The New York Times. 28 December 1925. p. 15. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  16. ^ "M. PATENOTRE'S NEW POST. French Ambassador at Madrid Transferred to Constantinople". The New York Times. 13 November 1897. p. 19. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  17. ^ McAleavy, Henry (1968) Black Flags in Vietnam: The Story of a Chinese Intervention Allen & Unwin, Ltd., London, New York, 1968, 296 pp.
  18. ^ "FAREWELL BANQUET TO M. JULES CAMBON; Entertained by Senator Depew and James H. Hyde. Distinguished Company Meets the French Diplomat -- Secretary Root Charges Him with a Greeting to Spain". The New York Times. 16 November 1902. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  19. ^ "Latest intelligence - France". The Times. No. 36862. London. 2 September 1902. p. 3.
  20. ^ "MARRIED THE FRENCH AMBASSADOR; Philadelphia Girl Becomes the Wife of M Jules Patenotre". The New York Times. 28 March 1894. p. 2. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  21. ^ "PATENOTRES IN COURT IN $2,183,347 FRAUD". The New York Times. 8 July 1948. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  22. ^ "ELVERSON FAMILY TAKING INQUIRER; Philadelphia Paper Is Reported Reverting From J.C. Martin to the Former Owners". The New York Times. 29 September 1934. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  23. ^ "MISTRESS OF THE FRENCH EMBASSY Mme. Patenotre, the Cultured Wife of the Ambassador of France". The New York Times. 12 May 1895. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  24. ^ "Daughter of M. Patenotre Dead". The New York Times. 12 June 1903. p. 9. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  25. ^ "A Child for Mme. Patenotre". The New York Times. 10 June 1896. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  26. ^ Times, Wireless To the New York (8 February 1946). "SON OF ANNA GOULD SUCCUMBS IN PARIS; Marquis De Castellane Held French Embassy Posts in London During 1940". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  27. ^ "COUNT CASTELLANE TO WED MLLE. PATERNOTRE; Son of Duchess de Talleyrand Engaged to Daughter of Ex-French Ambassador". The New York Times. 22 November 1920. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  28. ^ "COUNT DE CASTELLANE WEDS MLLE. PATENOTRE; Son of Former Husband of Anna Gould Marries Daughter of ex-French Ambassador". The New York Times. January 7, 1921. p. 13. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  29. ^ "PATENOTRE, SERVED IN FRENCH CABINETS; Minister of Economy Under 4 Premiers Dies--Published Daily, Weekly Papers". The New York Times. June 20, 1951. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  30. ^ "The Catalogue | Patenotre, Madame Jules Patenôtre, née Eleanore Louise Elverson". www.delaszlocatalogueraisonne.com. The de Laszlo Archive Trust. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  31. ^ "The Catalogue | Castellane, Marquise de, née Yvonne Patenôtre". www.delaszlocatalogueraisonne.com. The de Laszlo Archive Trust. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by French Minister to Sweden
1880–1883 		Succeeded by
Preceded by French Minister to China
1884–1886 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
 French Minister to Morocco
1888–1890 		Succeeded by
Preceded by French Minister to the United States
1891–1893 		Succeeded by
himself (as Ambassador)
Preceded by
himself (as Minister)
 French Ambassador to the United States
1893–1897 		Succeeded by
Preceded by French Ambassador to Spain
1897–1902 		Succeeded by
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