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Jagat Jung Rana

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Commanding-General
Shree Shree Shree Maharajkumar
Jagat Jung Kunwar
Rana
श्री श्री श्री महाराजकुमार जर्नेल
जगतजङ्ग कुँवर राणा
Jagat Jang Kunwar Rana, eldest son of Jang Bahadur
Personal details
Born1 March 1848
Kathmandu, Kingdom of Nepal
Died22 November 1885
Manohara Darbar, Kathmandu, Kingdom of Nepal
Spouse(s)Tika Rajya Lakshmi Devi (first wife)
a daughter of Raja Sheoraj Singh of Kashipur India (second wife)
ChildrenYuddha Pratap Jung Rana (a.k.a. Naati Jarnel)
Parents
Relativessee Kunwar family; see Rana dynasty; see Thapa dynasty; see Pande dynasty
Military service
Allegiance   Nepal
RankCommanding General

Jagat Jung Kunwar Rana,[1] popularly known as Jagat Jung Rana (Nepali: जगतजङ्ग राणा) was a Nepalese politician, military officer and courtier in the Kingdom of Nepal. He was the eldest son of the founder of Rana dynasty, Jung Bahadur Kunwar Rana. He claimed the Premiership of Kingdom of Nepal and the throne of Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski against the traditional agnatic succession of the Rana dynasty. Driven by this motive, he attempted a coup against his uncles; Maharaja Prime Minister Ranodip Singh Kunwar and Commander-In-Chief Dhir Shamsher Kunwar Rana in the winter of 1881–1882. He was immediately thrown out of the roles of succession among Ranas. Later, he was pardoned and was impeased by Ranodip Singh as his successor after the death of Dhir Shamsher, which caused envy among his Shamsher cousins and ultimately led to his death in the 1885 Shamsher coup.

Early life

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Further information: Rana dynasty

He was born at Kathmandu on 1 March 1848 as the second son of Jung Bahadur Rana with his second wife. In 1839, Jung Bahadur's first infant son had already died,[2] thus, he was referred as the eldest son of Jung Bahadur Rana.[3][4]

Career

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Feud at father's funeral

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Jagat Jung and Crown Prince Trailokya of Nepal plotted to force King Surendra of Nepal to abdicate the throne and appoint Jagat Jung as the Prime Minister of Nepal after the death of Jagat Jung's father, Jung Bahadur.[3] Jung Bahadur died on Falgun 1933 V.S. (March 1877) at Rautahat.[5][note 1] Dhir Shamsher Rana circulated a rumour that his brother Jung Bahadur was critically ill, upon which Jagat Jung and Crown Prince Trailokya rushed to Patharghatta.[5] During their absence in Kathmandu, Dhir Shamsher immediately imposed King Surendra to declare Ranodip Singh Kunwar as Prime Minister of Nepal[3] and destroyed the plot of Jagat Jung and the Crown Prince. Afterwards Jagat Jung and Prince Trailokya came back to Kathmandu after the funeral, they began to overthrow Jagat Jung's uncle Dhir Shamsher from the political scenario of Nepal.[5][6]

Coup attempt of 1938 (1881–82)

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When Commander-In-Chief of the Nepalese Army, Jagat Shamsher Kunwar Rana, died in 1879, Dhir Shamsher succeeded him but did not intend to transfer his current position of Senior Commanding-General of Western Commanding forces to his nephew Jagat Jung because the forces under Western Command were huge.[7][8] This event further incensed the relationship of Jagat Jung with his uncle Dhir Shamsher.[7] The faction of Bharadars against Ranodip Singh and Dhir Shamsher led by Crown Prince Trailokya and Jagat Jung, attempted coup d'état twice in the year 1938 Vikram Samvat (1881–1882 CE) against both the Prime Minister Ranodip Singh and the Army Chief Dhir Shamsher.[5] Both attempts were aborted, and for the third attempt, the date of execution was fixed on last day of Poush (14 December 1881)[5] when Ranodip Singh went on a hunting trip to Terai.[9] The conspirating faction sought the assistance of Lieutenant Uttardhwaj[note 2] who had ancestral rivalry with the Shrivikram Singh Thapa, a member of the conspirator group due to which, Lt. Uttardhwaj revealed the plot to Dhir Shamsher[5] who was in Kathmandu[9] and the conspiracy was immediately informed to the entouring Prime Minister Ranodip Singh.[9] Bambir Bikram Rana, Sangramsur Bisht and Amrit Simha Adhikari, members of conspirating faction, revealed the conspiracy.[5] Jagat Jung and Bambir Bikram Rana were removed out of the roles of succession of Ranas.[10]

Coup of 1942 (1885)

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Main article: 1885 Nepal coup d'état

Dhir Shamsher died on 14 October 1884.[11] After his death, Maharaja Ranodip Singh called his estranged nephew Jagat Jung and began to impease him.[12] All faction of Ranas knew that Jagat Jung would murder and destroy the Shamsher family if he succeeds the uncle Maharaja Ranodip Singh.[13] The insecurity of sons of Dhir Shamsher (Shamsher faction) escalated due to impeasement of Jagat Jung by Ranodip Singh and they were against this recent uprising of Jagat Jung.[14] Finally, they overpowered their cousins and conducted the 1885 Shamsher coup. In the coup, Prime Minister Ranodip Singh Kunwar and Jagat Jung were killed.[4] By the coup of 1885, Shamsher brothers established the "rule of seventeen brothers"[15] and a new era in Nepal.[16]

Ancestry

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Ancestors of Jagat Jung Rana
16. Ram Krishna Kunwar
8. Ranajit Kunwar
4. Bal Narsingh Kunwar
2. Jung Bahadur Kunwar Rana
20. Amar Singh Thapa (sanukaji)
10. Nain Singh Thapa
21. Satyarupa Maya
5. Ganesh Kumari Thapa
22. Ranajit Pande
11. Rana Kumari Pande
1. Jagat Jung Rana

References

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ However, as per historians Bhuwan Joshi and Leo E. Rose, Jung Bahadur died in February 1877.[3]
  2. ^ Historians Bhuwan Joshi and Leo E. Rose as well as Historian Ishwari Prasad referred the whistleblower as grandson of Gagan Singh.[9]

Sources

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  1. ^ Acharya 2019, p. 245.
  2. ^ Rana, Pramod Shumsher (2009). Ranashasanko Britanta. Kathmandu: Pairavi Book House. pp. 31, 32, 44. ISBN 978-11146-30-72-7.
  3. ^ a b c d Joshi & Rose 1966, p. 45.
  4. ^ a b Whelpton 2005, p. 243.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Acharya 1974, p. 91.
  6. ^ Shaha 1990, p. 277.
  7. ^ a b Kumar 1967, p. 72.
  8. ^ Adhikari 1984, p. 186.
  9. ^ a b c d Joshi & Rose 1966, p. 43.
  10. ^ Prasad 1996, p. 29.
  11. ^ Shaha 1990, p. 281.
  12. ^ Rana, Purushottam S.J.B. (1998). Jung Bahadur Rana: the story of his rise and glory. Book Faith India. p. 150. ISBN 978-81-7303-087-1.
  13. ^ Tribhuvan University 1978, p. 8.
  14. ^ JBR, PurushottamShamsher (1990). Shree Teen Haruko Tathya Britanta (in Nepali). Bhotahity, Kathmandu: Vidarthi Pustak Bhandar. ISBN 99933-39-91-1.
  15. ^ Joshi & Rose 1966, p. 34.
  16. ^ Prasad 1996, p. 30.

Books

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