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Potentilla indica

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Potentilla indica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Potentilla
Species:
P. indica
Binomial name
Potentilla indica
Synonyms[1]
  • Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Teschem.
  • Duchesnea major (Makino) Makino
  • Fragaria indica Andrews
  • Fragaria malayana Roxb.
  • Fragaria nilagirica Zenker
  • Potentilla denticulosa Ser.
  • Potentilla durandii Torr. & A.Gray
  • Potentilla indica var. microphylla (T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku) H.Ohashi
  • Potentilla trifida Pall.

Potentilla indica, known commonly as mock strawberry,[2] Indian-strawberry,[3] snake berry[4] or false strawberry,[5] often referred to as a backyard strawberry, mainly in North America, is a flowering plant in the family Rosaceae.[1][6] It has foliage and an aggregate accessory fruit similar to that of a true strawberry. It has yellow flowers, unlike the white or slightly pink flowers of true strawberries. It is native to eastern and southern Asia, but has been introduced to many other areas as a medicinal and an ornamental plant, subsequently naturalizing in many regions worldwide.[1][6][7][2] It is considered invasive in some regions of the United States[8][9][10] and Canada.[11]

Many sources consider this plant part of the genus Potentilla[1][12][3][6][13][14][15][16] due to evidence from chloroplast genetic sequence data that the genus Duchesnea is included within Potentilla,[17] though some still list it as Duchesnea indica.[18]

Description

[edit]
Potentilla indica bloom

The leaves are trifoliate, roughly veined beneath, dark green, and often persisting through the winter, arising from short crowns. The plant spreads along creeping stolons, rooting and producing crowns at each node. The yellow flowers are produced in mid spring, then sporadically throughout the growing season. The aggregate accessory fruits are white or red, and entirely covered with red achenes, simple ovaries, each containing a single seed.[19][20]

  • Blossom
    Blossom
  • Immature fruit
    Immature fruit
  • Mature fruits
    Mature fruits
Potentilla indica

Uses

[edit]

The fresh berries are edible but considered less palatable than proper strawberries.[21][22]

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Potentilla indica (Andrews) Th.Wolf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  2. ^ a b Missouri department of Conservation. "Indian Strawberry (Mock Strawberry)". Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  3. ^ a b "Potentilla indica". Go Botany. New England Wildflower Society. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  4. ^ "How to Identify Snake Berries: 5 Types of Snake Berries". Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  5. ^ O’Brien, Meghan (December 2006). "Indian Strawberry". Bellarmine University. Retrieved 2017-06-13.
  6. ^ a b c "Potentilla indica". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  7. ^ "Invasive species in Belgium: Duchesnea indica". Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  8. ^ "Mock strawberry". extension.umn.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
  9. ^ "false strawberry, Potentilla indica Rosales: Rosaceae". www.invasive.org. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
  10. ^ "Indian Strawberry (Mock Strawberry)". Missouri Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
  11. ^ "Mock strawberry plant – Toronto Master Gardeners". 2024-05-08. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
  12. ^ Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, Bélisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, et al. (2010). "Potentilla indica". data.canadensys.net. Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  13. ^ Weakley, Alan S. (2018), Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States, working draft of 20 August 2018, University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  14. ^ Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S., eds. (February 2011). "Potentilla indica". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan Herbarium. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  15. ^ "Taxonomy - GRIN-Global Web v 1.10.6.2". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  16. ^ Mabberley, D. J. (2002). "Potentilla and Fragaria (Rosaceae) reunited". Telopea. 9 (4): 793–801. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.573.2948. doi:10.7751/TELOPEA20024018. wikidata:Q55801498.
  17. ^ Torsten Eriksson; Malin S. Hibbs; Anne D. Yoder; Charles F. Delwiche & Michael J. Donoghue (2003). "The Phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) Based on Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and the trnL/F Region of Chloroplast DNA". Int. J. Plant Sci. 164 (2): 197–211. doi:10.1086/346163. S2CID 22378156.
  18. ^ "World Flora Online: Duchesnea Sm". World Flora Online Consortium. 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  19. ^ Ertter, Barbara (2012). "Duchesnea indica var. indica". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  20. ^ University of Missouri: Division of Plant Sciences
  21. ^ The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants. United States Department of the Army. New York: Skyhorse Publishing. 2009. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-60239-692-0. OCLC 277203364.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  22. ^ "Are the mock strawberries toxic?". FDA Poisonous Plant Database. 1986. Archived from the original on 2021-05-22. Retrieved 2022-06-16.
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