Impact of Event Scale - Revised

Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R)
Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R)
Purpose	Assesses subjective distress caused by traumatic events

The Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) is a 22-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess subjective distress caused by traumatic events. It is commonly used in research and clinical settings to measure the severity of symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The IES-R is an updated version of the original Impact of Event Scale (IES) and includes additional items to provide a more comprehensive assessment.

The 15-item IES is the original scale, but is missing the symptom of hyperarousal. The IES-R is a revised version of the older version, the 15-item IES. The IES-R contains seven additional items related to the hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD, which were not included in the original IES. Items correspond directly to 14 of the 17 DSM-IV symptoms of PTSD.^[1] Respondents are asked to identify a specific stressful life event and then indicate how much they were distressed or bothered during the past seven days by each "difficulty" listed.^[2] The scale shows good measurement invariance as a one factor scale with both latino and non-latino populations.^[3]

Items are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"). The IES-R yields a total score (ranging from 0 to 88) and subscale scores can also be calculated for the Intrusion, Avoidance, and Hyperarousal subscales. The authors recommend using means instead of raw sums for each of these subscale scores to allow comparison with scores from the Symptom Checklist 90 - Revised (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, 1994). In general, the IES-R, and IES are not used to diagnosis PTSD. However, cut-off scores for a preliminary diagnosis of PTSD have been cited in the literature.^[2]

An example question is: "Any reminders brought back feelings about it." (Respondents rate their degree of distress during the past seven days.)^[2]

References

^ Ramos S, Boyle GJ (2001). "Ch. 14: Ritual and medical circumcision among Filipino boys: Evidence of post-traumatic stress disorder.". In Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF (eds.). Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem. New York: Kluwer/Plenum. pp. 253–270. ISBN 978-0306-46701-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) - PTSD: National Center for PTSD". www.ptsd.va.gov. Retrieved 2017-09-23. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ Tiemensma J, Depaoli S, Winter SD, Felt JM, Rus HM, Arroyo AC (2018-04-03). Annunziato R (ed.). "The performance of the IES-R for Latinos and non-Latinos: Assessing measurement invariance". PLOS ONE. 13 (4): e0195229. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1395229T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195229. PMC 5882119. PMID 29614117.

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[1] Ramos S, Boyle GJ (2001). "Ch. 14: Ritual and medical circumcision among Filipino boys: Evidence of post-traumatic stress disorder.". In Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF (eds.). Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem. New York: Kluwer/Plenum. pp. 253–270. ISBN 978-0306-46701-1.

[va-2] "Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) - PTSD: National Center for PTSD". www.ptsd.va.gov. Retrieved 2017-09-23. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[3] Tiemensma J, Depaoli S, Winter SD, Felt JM, Rus HM, Arroyo AC (2018-04-03). Annunziato R (ed.). "The performance of the IES-R for Latinos and non-Latinos: Assessing measurement invariance". PLOS ONE. 13 (4): e0195229. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1395229T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195229. PMC 5882119. PMID 29614117.

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