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Helmuth Brückner

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Helmuth Brückner
(1934)
Gauleiter of Gau Silesia
In office
15 March 1925 – 4 December 1934
Succeeded byJosef Wagner
Oberpräsident of Lower Silesia
In office
25 March 1933 – 12 December 1934
Succeeded byJosef Wagner
Oberpräsident of Upper Silesia
In office
29 May 1933 – 12 December 1934
Succeeded byJosef Wagner
Personal details
Born(1896-05-07)7 May 1896
Peilau, Prussia
Died12 January 1951(1951-01-12) (aged 54)
Tayshet, USSR
EducationHistory, geography, philosophy and economics
Alma materFriedrich Wilhelm University
Military service
Allegiance German Empire
Branch/serviceImperial German Army
Years of service1914–1918
RankLeutnant der Reserve
UnitFeld-Artillerie-Regiment 88
Battles/warsWorld War I
Silesian Uprisings

Helmuth Brückner (7 May 1896 – 12 January 1951?) was Gauleiter of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) in Silesia from 1925 until 1934, when he fell out of political favor.

Life

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Helmuth Brückner was born on 7 May 1896 in Peilau (Prussia). He attended Volkschule in Peilau, Höhere Knabenschule in Langenbielau, and Kgl. Realgymnasium in Reichenbach. He then studied at Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau (today, the University of Wrocław).

In 1914, Brückner volunteered for the Army and was posted with the Feld-Artillerie-Regiment 88 where he won the Iron Cross 2nd and 1st Class as Leutnant der Reserve and Abteilung-Adjutant. On 25 March 1918 he was seriously wounded while in France. In 1921 he was Ib–Gruppe Nord with the Deutschen Selbstschutz (Freikorps) in Oberschlesien.

He participated in the failed “Beer Hall Putsch” on 9 November 1923, was briefly detained, tried and released on probation.[1] In 1924, Brückner joined the National Socialist Freedom Movement (the NSDAP had been banned after the failed putsch) and became editor of Schlesien Volksstimme. He also became Stadtverordneter (City Councilor) in Breslau, a position he held until 1926.

Brückner organized the NSDAP in Silesia; on 15 March 1925 he officially joined the refounded NSDAP (number 2,023) and was appointed Gauleiter for Gau Silesia. It was at this time he also founded the publishing house NS-Schlesien which published the “Schlesischen Beobachters”. In September 1925, he became a member of the National Socialist Working Association, a short-lived group of north and northwest German Gauleiter, organized and led by Gregor Strasser, which unsuccessfully sought to amend the Party program. It was dissolved in 1926 following the Bamberg Conference. In September 1930 he was elected a member of the Reichstag for electoral constituency 7, Breslau, and on 24 April 1932 he became a member of the Landtag of Prussia, retaining these seats until December 1934. On 17 August 1932 Brückner was named Landesinspekteur-East charged with oversight responsibility for three eastern Gaue (Silesia, Danzig and East Prussia).[2] This was a short-lived initiative by Strasser to centralize control over the Gaue. However, it was unpopular with the Gauleiters and was repealed on Strasser's fall from power in December 1932. Bruckner then returned to his Gauleiter position in Silesia.[3]

On 25 March 1933, Brückner was appointed the acting Oberpräsident of the Prussian Province of Lower Silesia (made permanent on 2 August). He also served as the provincial representative to the Reichsrat from 11 April 1933 until its abolition on 14 February 1934. Additionally, on 29 May 1933, he was named acting Oberpräsident of the Prussian Province of Upper Silesia (made permanent on 1 June). He thus united under his control the highest Party and governmental offices in the two provinces. On 11 July 1933, Brückner was appointed to the Prussian State Council by Prussian Minister-President Hermann Göring. On 7 October 1933 he was promoted to Gruppenführer in the Sturmabteilung (SA).[4]

He was accused of homosexual activity under Paragraph 175, but he argued that he was bisexual, and that his mutual masturbation with another officer was a normal activity, and was not immediately convicted.[5] However, he was dismissed as Gauleiter and from the SA on 4 December 1934, removed from all his government posts on 12 December and on 25 December he was expelled from the NSDAP in connection with the "Röhm Putsch".[6]

From 1938, Brückner was working as an industrial worker in the Heinkel works in Rostock. He was politically rehabilitated.

Arrested by the Soviets in July 1945, he was confined in a prison camp in Thuringia until 1949, then moved to the USSR where he was also in various internment camps. There is some uncertainty surrounding his date of death, as official sources give the year of his death as both 1951 and 1954, and appear to hide the specific date and place.

Decorations and awards

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References

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  1. ^ Miller, Michael D.; Schulz, Andreas (2012). Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and Their Deputies, 1925–1945. Vol. I (Herbert Albrecht – H. Wilhelm Huttmann). R. James Bender Publishing. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-932970-21-0.
  2. ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, p. 90.
  3. ^ Dietrich Orlow: The History of the Nazi Party: 1919–1933 (University of Pittsburgh Press), 1969, pp. 273; 295. ISBN 0-8229-3183-4.
  4. ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, pp. 89–90.
  5. ^ Giles, Geoffery J. "Why Bother About Homosexuals? Homophobia and Sexual Politics in Nazi Germany" (PDF). US Holocaust Memorial Museum.
  6. ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, pp. 91–92.
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