Gustaf Unonius

Gustaf Elias Marius Unonius
Born	25 August 1810 Helsinki, Finland
Died	14 October 1902 Sweden
Other names	Gustav Unonius Gustave Unonius Gustavus Unonius Gustov Unonius
Education	Uppsala University Nashotah House
Church	Episcopal Church in the United States of America
Ordained	1845
Congregations served	St. James' Episcopal Church, Manitowoc St. Ansgarius Episcopal Church, Chicago

Gustaf Elias Marius Unonius also referred to as Gustav Unonius, Gustave Unonius, Gustavus Unonius, or Gustov Unonius (25 August 1810 – 14 October 1902) was a pioneer and priest in the American Midwest. Unonius served as a catalyst for early Scandinavian emigration to the Upper Midwest.

Background

Unonius was born of Swedish parents in Helsinki (Swedish: Helsingfors) in the Grand Duchy of Finland, then part of the Russian Empire. His family moved to Sweden when he was a child. In 1830, he graduated from Uppsala University in Sweden and from the Uppsala law department in 1833. In 1841 Unonius emigrated to the United States, settling in Waukesha County, Wisconsin on a lake now called Pine Lake in the village of Chenequa, Wisconsin.

Nya Uppsala

Unonius was founder of the early Swedish-American immigrant settlement known as the Pine Lake Settlement or New Upsala, (Swedish:Nya Uppsala). The settlement was near what is now the town of Merton, Wisconsin. Unonius' letters to Swedish, Danish and Finnish newspapers about pioneer life in America sparked a wave of immigration by Scandinavians to the Midwest. While living in Waukesha County, Unonius befriended James Lloyd Breck, one of the founders of the Episcopal seminary Nashotah House.

Priesthood

In 1845, Gustaf Unonius became the first graduate of Nashotah House and was ordained to the Diaconate by Bishop Jackson Kemper. He was later ordained as a priest in The Episcopal Church, continuing to commute from the Pine Lake Settlement for several years. In 1848, Unonius moved to Manitowoc, Wisconsin and became the first Rector of St. James' Episcopal Church. In 1849, he founded the Swedish Episcopal Church of St. Ansgarius in Chicago, Illinois.

Return to Sweden

Unonius returned to Sweden in 1858, having lived in the United States for 17 years. The stories of his travels to the United States and the trials and tribulations of life on the frontier were the subject of his two-volume memoirs, published in 1862. A partial translation of his memoirs, A Pioneer in Northwest America 1841-1858: The Memoirs of Gustaf Unonius, was published in 1960 for the Swedish Pioneer Historical Society by the University of Minnesota Press.

Selected works

• Haandbog for den Hell. allmindelige Kirkes Bekjendere (1846)
• Reply to A Letter of Bp. Chase to the Members of the PEC (1851)
• Minnen från en sjuttonårig vistelse i Nordvestra Amerika (1862) Volume one Volume two
• Mormonismen: Dess Uprinnelse, Utveckling Och Bekännelse (1883)
• Bihang till Minnen från en sjuttonårig vistelse i Nordvestra Amerika (1896)

Further reading

• Unonius, Gustaf. A Pioneer in Northwest America 1841-1858: The Memoirs of Gustaf Unonius. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1960. (selection: [1])
• Hammarsköld, G. Past And Present Relations Between the Anglican Communion and the Church of Sweden. New York: A. G. Sherwood, 1914.

External links

• Works by or about Gustaf Unonius at the Internet Archive
• Gustaf Unonius directory on Project Canterbury