Cryptopygus terranovus
| Cryptopygus terranovus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Collembola |
| Order: | Entomobryomorpha |
| Family: | Isotomidae |
| Genus: | Cryptopygus |
| Species: | C. terranovus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cryptopygus terranovus (Wise, 1967)
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Cryptopygus terranovus is a species of springtail belonging to the family Isotomidae.[1] The species was first described by Keith Arthur John Wise in 1967, and is found on Antarctica.[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]The species was identified in 1967 by Wise, who described the species as Gressittacantha terranova. He chose to create a new genus, Gressittacantha, instead of placing the species within Cryptopygus, due to the presence of spines on the species. He named the genus after Judson Linsley Gressitt of the Bishop Museum.[2] In 2015, the genera Gressittacantha and Neocryptopygus were synonymised with Cryptopygus, due to phylogenetic analysis showing both as occurring within the Cryptopygus clade without significant morphological differences. This led to a new name for the species, Cryptopygus terranovus.[3]
The species can be split into three genetic groups: north, central and south.[4] Cryptopygus terranovus has high levels of genetic variability; up to five times more variability relative to other Antarctic springtail species, possibly suggesting that two evolutionary lineage of Cryptopygus were previously distinct but now have overlapping ranges.[5] The different lineages of Cryptopygus terranovus split during the Miocene era, suggest that the species is a relict species that was able to survive the Last Glacial Maximum on Antarctica.[6]
Description
[edit]The species is deep blue to black in colour, with a body length of up to 1.25 mm (0.049 in).[2]
Properties
[edit]Novel antifreeze proteins have been identified from specimens of Cryptopygus terranovus.[7]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The species is found in the northern foothills of Victoria Land, between Football Saddle and Tripp Island.[4] The holotype of the species was discovered in Terra Nova Bay, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica.[2] The species is typically found in vegetated areas under stones.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Cryptopygus terranovus". Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
- ^ a b c Wise, K. A. J. (1967). Collembola (Springtails). Antarctic Research Series. Vol. 10. pp. 123–148. doi:10.1029/AR010P0123. ISBN 978-0-87590-110-7. OCLC 770443077. Wikidata Q103947218.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ^ P. Greenslade (4 June 2015). "Synonymy of two monobasic Anurophorinae genera (Collembola: Isotomidae) from the Antarctic Continent". New Zealand Entomologist. 38 (2): 134–141. doi:10.1080/00779962.2015.1033810. ISSN 0077-9962. Wikidata Q54781063.
- ^ a b c Pietro Paolo Fanciulli; Domenico Summa; Romano Dallai; Francesco Frati (September 2001). "High levels of genetic variability and population differentiation in Gressittacantha terranova (Collembola, Hexapoda) from Victoria Land, Antarctica". Antarctic Science. 13 (03). doi:10.1017/S0954102001000360. ISSN 0954-1020. Wikidata Q54607493.
- ^ Hawes, TC; Torricelli, G; Stevens, MI (2010). "Haplotype diversity in the Antarctic springtail Gressittacantha terranova at fine spatial scales-a Holocene twist to a Pliocene tale". Antarctic Science. 22 (6): 766–773. doi:10.1017/S0954102010000490. ISSN 1365-2079.
- ^ Carapelli, Antonio; Leo, Chiara; Frati, Francesco (2017). "High levels of genetic structuring in the Antarctic springtail Cryptopygus terranovus". Antarctic Science. 29 (4): 311–323. doi:10.1017/S0954102016000730. ISSN 0954-1020.
- ^ Hawes, T. C.; Marshall, C. J.; Wharton, D. A. (12 March 2011). "Antifreeze proteins in the Antarctic springtail, Gressittacantha terranova". Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 181 (6): 713–719. doi:10.1007/S00360-011-0564-4. ISSN 0174-1578. PMID 21399953. Wikidata Q50685497.