GPAT4

GPAT4
Identifiers
Aliases	GPAT4, 1-AGPAT 6, LPAAT-zeta, LPAATZ, TSARG7, AGPAT6, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4
External IDs	OMIM: 608143; MGI: 2142716; HomoloGene: 32425; GeneCards: GPAT4; OMA:GPAT4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)
End	41,625,001 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (mouse)
End	23,698,362 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	islet of Langerhans; ; cerebellar hemisphere; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; right adrenal cortex; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; left adrenal gland; ; left adrenal cortex; ; smooth muscle tissue; ; appendix;
	Top expressed in
	seminiferous tubule; ; spermatid; ; spermatocyte; ; ventricular zone; ; neural layer of retina; ; brown adipose tissue; ; right kidney; ; yolk sac; ; dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell; ; muscle of thigh;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; acyltransferase activity; glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity; 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity; sn-1-glycerol-3-phosphate C16:0-DCA-CoA acyl transferase activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; membrane; endoplasmic reticulum;
Biological process	phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process; CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthetic process; lipid biosynthetic process; acyl-CoA metabolic process; regulation of multicellular organism growth; lipid metabolism; fatty acid metabolic process; mammary gland development; diacylglycerol metabolic process; phospholipid biosynthetic process; glandular epithelial cell maturation; phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process; metabolism; lactation; triglyceride metabolic process; triglyceride biosynthetic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	137964
	102247
	ENSG00000158669
	ENSMUSG00000031545
	Q86UL3
	Q8K2C8
	NM_178819; NM_001363197; NM_001363198
	NM_018743
	NP_848934; NP_001350126; NP_001350127
	NP_061213
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4 is a glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase that in humans is encoded by the GPAT4 gene.^[5]

Function

GPAT4 is involved in the biosynthesis of triglycerides.^[6] The majority of triglycerides are synthesised from glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) via the addition of three fatty acyl-CoA substrates, which are made from fatty acids. The first of these additions is catalysed by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs: EC 2.3.1.15), including GPAT4, yielding lysophosphatidic acid.^[7] GPAT4 has been shown to be important for lactation, with quantitative trait locus (QTL) for several milk production and composition traits observed at this locus in cattle.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000158669 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031545 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4". Retrieved 2018-10-10.
^ Coleman RA, Lee DP (March 2004). "Enzymes of triacylglycerol synthesis and their regulation". Progress in Lipid Research. 43 (2): 134–76. doi:10.1016/S0163-7827(03)00051-1. PMID 14654091.
^ Chen YQ, Kuo MS, Li S, Bui HH, Peake DA, Sanders PE, Thibodeaux SJ, Chu S, Qian YW, Zhao Y, Bredt DS, Moller DE, Konrad RJ, Beigneux AP, Young SG, Cao G (April 2008). "AGPAT6 is a novel microsomal glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (15): 10048–57. doi:10.1074/jbc.M708151200. PMC 2442282. PMID 18238778.
^ Littlejohn MD, Tiplady K, Lopdell T, Law TA, Scott A, Harland C, Sherlock R, Henty K, Obolonkin V, Lehnert K, Macgibbon A, Spelman RJ, Davis SR, Snell RG (January 2014). "Expression Variants of the Lipogenic AGPAT6 Gene Affect Diverse Milk Composition Phenotypes in Bos taurus". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e85757. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...985757L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085757. PMC 3897493. PMID 24465687.

Function

References

Further reading