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Gerrit Verschuur

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Gerrit L. Verschuur
Gerrit L. Verschuur in 1999
Born1937
Cape Town
NationalityAmerican
Naturalized 1975
Alma materRhodes University
University of Manchester
Scientific career
FieldsRadio astronomy
InstitutionsUniversity of Memphis

Gerrit L. Verschuur (born in 1937 in Cape Town, South Africa) is an American scientist who is best known for his work in radio astronomy. Though a pioneer in that field, Verschuur is also an author (he has written about astronomy, natural disasters, and earth sciences), inventor, adjunct professor of physics for the University of Memphis, and Astronomer Emeritus - Arecibo Observatory and now semi-retired. He served for a time as the Chief Scientist for Translucent Technologies, LLC; a company which is based in Memphis, Tennessee.[1]

In 1992 Verschuur became a resident of the City of Lakeland, which is located in Shelby County, Tennessee, northwest of Memphis. In 2001 Verschuur was elected, and served a four-year term as commissioner. In 2007 he was elected again and served for a total of 10 years. In Lakeland, Verschuur was also the President of the Garner Lake Association[permanent dead link‍]. Since 1986 he has been married to Dr. Joan Schmelz, a fellow scientist whose specialty is solar astronomy, specifically coronal loops.[2] Verschuur has one son who lives in England.[1]

During his years living beside the lake in Lakeland he made a fundamental discovery concerning the manner in which light interacts with a so-called Secchi Disk that is used to measure the transparency of lake and ocean waters. The disk had been invented in the mid-nineteenth century by a Jesuit priest (Angela Secchi) but no one before Verschuur had understand the optics underlying the measurement technique.[3]

Verschuur has taught at the University of Manchester, Rhodes University, the universities of Colorado and Maryland, UCLA, and the University of California, Berkeley, among others.[4] He has been an annual speaker at Mid-South Stargaze, "the annual amateur astronomers conference and star party held at Rainwater Observatory in French Camp, Mississippi."[5] In 1971 Verschuur was hired as the first Director of Fiske Planetarium for the University of Colorado at Boulder,[6] and in 1980 he worked with Dr. John C. Lilly.[4]

In his primary field of study Verschuur "pioneered the measurement of the interstellar magnetic field using the 21-cm Zeeman effect technique."[7] A thing which, according to Virginia Trimble, for the first time allowed astronomers to "measure magnetic strengths and their place-to-place variations with some confidence."[8]

Biography

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Gerrit L. Verschuur was born in 1937 in Cape Town, South Africa, at the foot of Table Mountain. In 1936, his parents had emigrated from the Netherlands and settled in Cape Town. Two years after he was born—in 1939—his parents moved again, choosing a suburb of Cape Town named Lakeside. While he was living there, Verschuur attended Muizenberg Junior School. Then, when his parents moved to Port Elizabeth in 1950, he attended Grey Junior and subsequently Grey High School.[citation needed]

After graduation he began a six-year stint at Rhodes University in Grahamstown where he earned a BSc in 1957—Majors: Math, Physics, & Applied math; a BSc (Hons) of Physics in 1958; and a MSc degree of physics, in 1960.

In December 1960 he sailed for Southampton, England on Edinburgh Castle, a ship owned by the Union Castle Line.[9] It was one of the last passenger mail boats to ply the SA-England route, but was sold for scrap in 1967.[10]

Current research

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Verschuur is at the center of a recent debate over the age of the universe.[11][12] He claimed that images from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe are not pictures of the universe in its early form, but rather hydrogen gas clouds in our own galaxy. If he is shown to be correct, much work relating to the Big Bang theory would be undermined.

On December 10, 2007, his work with respect to COBE, WMAP, and HI, was published in The Astrophysical Journal.[13] However, Land and Slosar [14] claimed that the data did not support the correlation claimed by Verschuur. He subsequently published 4 more papers on the subject backing up his claims.[15][16][17][18]

His current research is conducted in partnership with Joan Schmelz, his wife, and elaborates on the exciting discovery they made that the so-called high-velocity clouds are produced by supernova events that occurred relatively close to the Sun, of order hundreds of light years distant, several hundred thousand years ago. They solved the 60 year-old mystery concerning the distance to certain clouds when they found that neutron stars (left over after the explosion) exists in spectroscopic binary systems, the primary example having been discovered by researchers in Belgium led by Ana Escorza who used GAIA data to identify likely neutron star candidates.[19][20][21][22][23]

Selected publications

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Books

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  • The Invisible Universe: The Story of Radio Astronomy. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1974[24]"Nominated for National book award – then disqualified because I was not a US citizen at the time."[25]
  • Galactic and Extragalactic Radio Astronomy. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1974. Co-edited with K.I. Kellerman[26]
    ISBN 0-387-06504-0
  • Cosmic Evolution: An Introduction to Astronomy. Houghton Mifflin, 1978. Co-Author with George B. Field and Cyril Ponnamperuma[27]
    ISBN 0-395-25321-7
  • Starscapes.Little Brown & Co., Boston, 1977[28]ISBN 0-316-90030-3
  • Cosmic Catastrophes. Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co., 1978ISBN 0-201-08099-0
  • Interstellar Matters: Essays on Curiosity and Astronomical Discovery. Springer-Verlag, 1989 ISBN 0-387-96814-8
  • Hidden Attraction: The History and Mystery of Magnetism. Oxford University Press, 1996, (First Published 1993) ISBN 0-19-510655-5
  • Impact!: The Threat of Comets and Asteroids. Oxford University Press, 1996 ISBN 0-19-510105-7
  • The Invisible Universe: The Story of Radio Astronomy. Springer, 2nd. ed., 2007 ISBN 978-0-387-30816-6

Encyclopaedia articles

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  • "Interstellar Medium" Encyclopædia Britannica (15th edition) Volume I-J. pp 790–800, 1973
  • "Interstellar Matter" Encyclopædia Britannica (Asian edition) 1986
  • "Magnetic Fields and Galactic Structure." Reference Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Ed. S. Maran, Van Nostrand Rheinhold, New York, 1992

References

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  1. ^ a b Uncommonly Lakeland Archived July 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Women in science – Earth and Space – Dr. Joan T. Schmelz Archived December 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Verschuur, Gerrit L. (1997). "Transparency Measurements in Garner Lake, Tennessee: The Relationship between Secchi Depth and Solar Altitude and a Suggestion for Normalization of Secchi Depth Data". Lake and Reservoir Management. 13 (2): 142–153. doi:10.1080/07438149709354305.
  4. ^ a b "Jepson School of Leadership Studies: Jepson Studies in Leadership". Archived from the original on December 2, 2007. Retrieved December 10, 2007. (See: Verschuur)
  5. ^ Mid-South Star Gaze Archived October 9, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ History // Fiske Planetarium Archived June 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "Our Place In Space: The Implications Of Impact Catastrophes On Human Thought And Behaviour". Archived from the original on August 6, 2007. Retrieved October 15, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  8. ^ http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/beamline/26/1/26-1-trimble.pdf (Beamline, Spring/Summer 1996, Vol. 26, No. 1, pages 40–41.)
  9. ^ "Union-Castle Line". Maritime Matters. February 28, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  10. ^ "Union-Castle Line". Retrieved June 27, 2012.
  11. ^ "Analysis confronts model of universe's formation – physicsworld.com". Archived from the original on December 19, 2007. Retrieved December 10, 2007.
  12. ^ Big Bang or Big Goof? Astronomer Verschuur Challenges 'Seeds' Proof
  13. ^ "High Galactic Latitude Interstellar Neutral Hydrogen Structure and Associated (WMAP) High‐Frequency Continuum Emission"(Abstract)
  14. ^ Correlation between galactic HI and the cosmic microwave background (Physical Review D, vol. 76, Issue 8, id. 087301)
  15. ^ Verschuur, Gerrit L. (2010). "ON THE APPARENT ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN INTERSTELLAR NEUTRAL HYDROGEN STRUCTURE AND ( WMAP ) HIGH-FREQUENCY CONTINUUM EMISSION". The Astrophysical Journal. 711 (2): 1208–1228. arXiv:1002.1661. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/711/2/1208.
  16. ^ Verschuur, Gerrit L. (2013). "Interacting Galactic Neutral Hydrogen Filaments and Associated High-Frequency Continuum Emission". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (2): 181. arXiv:1302.4308. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/181.
  17. ^ Verschuur, Gerrit L. (2015). "ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN SMALL-SCALE STRUCTURE IN LOCAL GALACTIC NEUTRAL HYDROGEN AND IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND OBSERVED BY PLANCK". The Astrophysical Journal. 813: 19. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/813/1/19.
  18. ^ Verschuur, G. L.; Schmelz, J. T. (2016). "On the Nature of the Small-Scale Structure in the Cosmic Microwave Background Observed by Planck and Wmap". The Astrophysical Journal. 832 (2): 98. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/832/2/98.
  19. ^ Schmelz, J. T.; Verschuur, G. L. (2022). "The Origin and Distance of the High-velocity Cloud MI". The Astrophysical Journal. 938: 68. arXiv:2207.08707. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac9412.
  20. ^ Escorza, A.; Karinkuzhi, D.; Jorissen, A.; Van Eck, S.; Schmelz, J. T.; Verschuur, G. L.; Boffin, H. M. J.; De Rosa, R. J.; Van Winckel, H. (2023). "A neutron star candidate in the long-period binary 56 UMa". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: L14. arXiv:2301.06531. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245796.
  21. ^ Verschuur, G. L.; Schmelz, J. T. (2023). "The Distance to High-velocity Cloud Complex M". The Astrophysical Journal. 943 (2): 161. arXiv:2212.03784. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acac2a.
  22. ^ Schmelz, J. T.; Verschuur, G. L. (2023). "Radio and γ-ray Evidence for the Supernova Origin of High-velocity Cloud Complex M". The Astrophysical Journal. 943: 44. arXiv:2212.11823. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acae82.
  23. ^ Schmelz, J. T.; Verschuur, G. L.; Escorza, A.; Jorissen, A. (2023). "Supernovae Origin for the Low-latitude Intermediate-velocity Arch and the North Celestial Pole Loop". The Astrophysical Journal. 956: 2. arXiv:2310.20454. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acf5e4.
  24. ^ http://www.reciprocalsystem.com/nfs/references.html Archived February 9, 2012, at the Wayback Machine (See: #65.)
  25. ^ "Jepson School of Leadership Studies: Jepson Studies in Leadership". Archived from the original on December 2, 2007. Retrieved December 10, 2007. (See: Verschuur)
  26. ^ Energy Citations Database (ECD) – - Document #4182195
  27. ^ "Silo.lib.ia.us". Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  28. ^ http://www.reciprocalsystem.com/nfs/references.html Archived February 9, 2012, at the Wayback Machine (See: #74.)
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