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Fuji T-1

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This article is about the aircraft. For the camera, see Fujifilm X-T1.
T-1
T-1B in special paint scheme
General information
TypeIntermediate trainer aircraft
ManufacturerFuji Heavy Industries
Number built66
History
Manufactured1962-1963
First flightJanuary 1, 1958
RetiredMarch 3, 2006[citation needed]

The Fuji T-1 Hatsutaka[1] was Japan's first jet-powered trainer aircraft. Its first flight was in January 1958. A total of 66 T-1 planes were built.[2] It was retired in March 2006.[citation needed]

Design and development

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After World War II, Japanese aircraft industry was banned from research as well as the destruction of materials and equipment related to aircraft. In 1952, a partial ban on aircraft research was lifted, making it possible to develop Japan's own domestic jet aircraft. In the spring of 1954, the Defense Agency's plan to develop a training jet aircraft emerged, which later lead to the development of the T-1 training plane.[3]

The T-1 was the first indigenously designed Japanese jet aircraft to be developed since World War II. It was Japan's first mass-produced jet and the first aircraft to apply a swept wing.[3] The development of a domestic jet engine was not completed in time, so the T-1A was powered by the British-designed Bristol Siddeley Orpheus turbojet[4] and made its first flight on May 17, 1960.[3] The T-1B was powered by the Ishikawajima-Harima J3 turbojet[5] and 20 were produced between June 1962 and June 1963.[3] Fuji was the successor to the Nakajima Aircraft Company (famous for building several aircraft such as Nakajima Ki-43 and Nakajima Ki-84 during WW2). The first aircraft of Fuji's own design was the T-1 jet trainer.[6][7]

More than 200 T-1s were to be produced, but with the introduction of the Lockheed F-104J/DJ fighters, the education system changed and the Lockheed T-33A, which was in large numbers, took on the same role, and only 66 T-1s were introduced.[3]

With the entry into service of its successor, the Kawasaki T-4, flight training with the T-1 was completed in December 2000. The last T-1 was retired on March 3, 2006.[citation needed]

Variants

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Fuji T-1 displayed at Komaki Air Base

Data from: Simpson 2001, p. 246

T1F1
One Prototype[citation needed] powered by a Nippon J3 engine.[8]
T1F2
Two prototypes, powered by 11,800 N (2,645 lbf) Bristol BOr.1 Orpheus engines.[8]
T1F3
Initial designation for the production T-1A, powered by 11,765.55 N (2,645 lbf) Bristol BOr.4 Orpheus engines.[8]
T-1A
Powered by a 17.79 kN (4,000 lbf) Bristol Siddeley Orpheus Mk 805 turbojet engine. The original designation was T1F3. 46 built.
T-1B
Powered by an 11.77 kN (2,645 lbf) Ishikawajima-Harima J3-IHI-3 turbojet engine. 20 built.[3]
T-1C
Converted to 13.72 kN (3,085 lbf) Ishikawajima-Harima J3-IHI-7 engines.

Operators

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 Japan

Aircraft on display

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Fuji T-1 (25-5856) at Tokorozawa Aviation Museum
Fuji T-1B 05-5810 of AD&TW at Gifu-Kakamigahara Air and Space Museum.

Specifications (T-1A)

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Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1965-66[10]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2
  • Length: 12.12 m (39 ft 9 in)
  • Wingspan: 10.50 m (34 ft 5 in)
  • Height: 4.08 m (13 ft 5 in)
  • Wing area: 22.22 m2 (239.2 sq ft)
  • Aspect ratio: 4.96:1
  • Airfoil: K-561/K-569
  • Empty weight: 2,420 kg (5,335 lb)
  • Gross weight: 4,150 kg (9,149 lb) clean
  • Max takeoff weight: 5,000 kg (11,023 lb) (with external tanks)
  • Fuel capacity: 1,400 L (308 Imp Gallons)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Bristol Siddeley Orpheus Mk 805 turbojet, 18 kN (4,000 lbf) thrust

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 925 km/h (575 mph, 499 kn) at 6,100 m (20,000 ft)
  • Cruise speed: 620 km/h (390 mph, 330 kn) at 9,150 m (30,000 ft)
  • Range: 1,300 km (810 mi, 700 nmi) (internal fuel)
  • Ferry range: 1,950 km (1,210 mi, 1,050 nmi) (external tanks)
  • Service ceiling: 14,400 m (47,200 ft) [11]
  • Rate of climb: 33 m/s (6,500 ft/min)
  • Thrust/weight: 0.43

Armament

  • Guns: Provision for 1 × 12.7 mm Browning M53-2 machine gun in nose
  • Hardpoints: 2 , with provisions to carry combinations of:
    • Missiles: 2 × AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missiles
    • Bombs: 2 × 750 lb (340 kg) bombs
    • Other: 2 × 455 L (100 Imp Gallon) drop tanks

See also

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Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References

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Citations
  1. ^ Wood, Derek (1979). Jane's World Aircraft Recognition Handbook (New ed.). London: Jane's Publishing Company Limited (published 1982). p. 44. ISBN 0710602022.
  2. ^ Simpson 2001, p.246
  3. ^ a b c d e f "日本の航空宇宙工業 ５０年の歩み 第２章 昭和３０年代；再建の時期" [50 Years in the Japanese Aerospace Industry Chapter 2: The 1950s; A Period of Reconstruction] (PDF). 一般社団法人日本航空宇宙工業会 (in Japanese). 一般社団法人日本航空宇宙工業会 (The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies). pp. 17–19. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-10-07. Retrieved 2020-09-18.
  4. ^ "[3.0] Naval Sabres & Foreign Sabres". www.faqs.org.
  5. ^ Odagiri, Hiroyuki (1996). Technology and Industrial Development in Japan. Clarendon Press, Oxford. p. 224. ISBN 0-19-828802-6.
  6. ^ "Archives at Flightglobal.com".
  7. ^ International, Flight (1962). Flight International. Delaney Gallay, LTD.
  8. ^ a b c Bridgman, Leonard, ed. (1958). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1958-59. London: Jane's All the World's Aircraft Publishing Co. Ltd. pp. 200–201.
  9. ^ Thompson, Paul J-HangarSpace - Aviation Museums Retrieved September 8, 2016
  10. ^ Taylor 1965, p. 103.
  11. ^ Donald and Lake 1996, p.175.
Bibliography
  • Donald, David and Jon Lake. Encyclopedia of World Military Aircraft. London:Aerospace Publishing, 1996, Single Volume Edition. ISBN 1-874023-95-6.
  • Simpson, Rod (2001). Airlife's World Aircraft. Shrewsbury: Airlife Publishing Ltd. ISBN 9781840371154.
  • Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1965-66. London:Sampson Low, Marston, 1965.
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Media related to Fuji T-1 at Wikimedia Commons

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