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Iraq Stars League

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Iraq Stars League
Organising bodyIraqi Pro League Association
Founded18 August 1974; 50 years ago (1974-08-18)
CountryIraq
ConfederationAFC
Number of teams20 (since 2014–15)
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toIraqi Premier Division League
Domestic cup(s)Iraq FA Cup
Iraqi Super Cup
International cup(s)AFC Champions League Elite
AFC Champions League Two
Arab Club Champions Cup
AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League
Current championsAl-Shorta (7th title)
(2023–24)
Most championshipsAl-Zawraa
(14 titles)
Top goalscorerAmjad Radhi (181)
TV partnersAl-Iraqiya TV
Al-Kass Sports
Al-Rabiaa Sports
Current: 2024–25 Iraq Stars League

The Iraq Stars League (Arabic: دوري نجوم العراق, romanizedDawrī Nujūm Al-'Irāq), is the highest level of the Iraqi football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Iraqi Premier Division League. It is governed by the Iraqi Pro League Association.

The league was formed by the Iraq Football Association in 1974 as the Iraqi National Clubs League, the first nationwide league of clubs in Iraq, and later became known as the Iraqi Premier League. In 2023, the competition was transformed into a professional league under the name Iraq Stars League. The current format sees 20 teams playing 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season.

Of the 80 teams to have competed since the inception of the league in 1974, eleven have won the title. Al-Zawraa are the most successful club with 14 titles, followed by Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (7), Al-Shorta (7) and Al-Talaba (5), who together contest the Baghdad derbies. The current champions are Al-Shorta, who won their third consecutive title in 2023–24.

History

[edit]

Origins

[edit]

Up until 1973, leagues in Iraq were played at a regional level.[1] The Central FA League, the Basra League and the Kirkuk League were all founded in 1948,[2] while the Mosul League was founded in 1950.[3] The first nationwide league to be held in the country was in the 1973–74 season when the Iraqi National First Division was formed,[4] with Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya being crowned champions.[5] The IFA then decided to replace the competition with a new National Clubs League which would only be open to clubs and not institute-representative teams.[6]

Foundation

[edit]

The league held its first season in 1974–75 and was originally composed of ten clubs.[7] The league's first ever goal was scored by Falah Hassan of Al-Tayaran (now known as Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya) in a 1–1 draw with Al-Sinaa.[8] Al-Tayaran were crowned champions of the inaugural season which featured the following teams:[9]

"Stars League" formation

[edit]

On 4 June 2023, Iraq Football Association (IFA) signed a three-year partnership agreement with Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (LaLiga) to transform the Iraqi Premier League into a professional league from the 2023–24 season. The competition is named the Iraq Stars League and is designed to meet the licensing criteria set down by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). A new association named the Iraqi Pro League Association, chaired by Javier Jiménez Sacristán and Matteo Mantovani, was formed to operate the competition and supervise the associated youth leagues.[10] An Iraqi management team is also being trained by LaLiga to take control of the committee once the partnership deal ends.[11] A start date of 26 October 2023 was set for the first Stars League season.[12]

"Baghdad's Big Four" dominance

[edit]
Results of the 'Big Four' from 1990 to 2002
Season QWJ SHR TLB ZWR
1989–90 1 3 6 4
1990–91 6 3 2 1
1991–92 1 5 4 2
1992–93 3 4 1 2
1993–94 2 5 3 1
1994–95 2 6 4 1
1995–96 8 3 6 1
1996–97 1 5 3 2
1997–98 2 1 5 3
1998–99 3 5 2 1
1999–2000 2 3 4 1
2000–01 2 3 4 1
2001–02 2 3 1 4
Top four 11 8 10 13
out of 13
  League champions

Ever since the league began, it has been dominated by the four biggest clubs in Baghdad: Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, Al-Shorta, Al-Talaba and Al-Zawraa, who together contest the Baghdad derbies.[13] From the 1989–90 season until the 2005–06 season, the league was won by one of the four Baghdad teams every time.[6] After the 2003 US invasion of Iraq, players started to leave the Baghdad-based clubs and join clubs in the North such as Erbil and Duhok due to the economic instability and security issues in the capital city.[14] This led to a shift in the dominance of the "Big Four" as Erbil won three consecutive league titles from 2007 to 2009 with Duhok winning the league in 2010.[15] In the 2008–09 season, none of Baghdad's Big Four clubs finished in the top four and this is the only time that this has happened in the history of the league; the top four spots were occupied by Erbil, Al-Najaf, Duhok and Al-Amana.[16] However, Baghdad's Big Four have since returned to dominating the league, having won all titles since 2015–16.

Competition format

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Competition

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There are currently 20 clubs in the Iraq Stars League. During the course of a season, each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games (however, matches between Baghdad's Big Four clubs are played at the neutral venue of Al-Shaab Stadium to accommodate more spectators).[17]

Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then head-to-head points, then head-to-head goal difference, then total goal difference, then goals scored and then number of wins.[17] If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank.[17]

The two teams at the bottom of the league table are relegated to the Iraqi Premier Division League, while the top two teams in the Premier Division League are promoted to the Stars League. The 18th-placed team in the Stars League competes in a play-off with the 3rd-placed team from the Premier Division League for a place in the following season's Stars League. Each club must register a 25-man squad for the season, but are not required to register players who have been registered for their reserve or youth teams. Each club is allowed a maximum of six foreign outfield players in their squad, however this restriction does not apply to Yemeni players and to a maximum of one Syrian player. Only six foreign players including Yemeni and Syrian players can play at any given time, and no more than two players from countries ranked below 90th in the FIFA Men's World Ranking can play at any given time. A maximum of five substitutions are available per match for each team.[18]

The winners of the league qualify for the Iraqi Super Cup, a match played against the winners of the Iraq FA Cup (if the league winners also win the Iraq FA Cup, they play the league runners-up instead).[19]

Clubs

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2024–25 season

[edit]

Twenty clubs are competing in the 2024–25 Iraq Stars League, including two promoted from the Premier Division League:

2024–25
Club
2023–24
Position
First season in
the league
Seasons
in the
league
First season of
current spell in
the league
Titles Most
recent title
Al-Hudood 9th 2008–09 13 2022–23 0
Al-Kahrabaa 13th 2004–05 20 2014–15 0
Al-Karkh 15th 1990–91 29 2018–19 0
Al-Karmab 2nd (PDL) 2024–25 1 2024–25 0
Al-Minaa 12th 1975–76 47 2023–24 1 1977–78
Al-Naftb 11th 1985–86 40 1985–86 0
Al-Najafb 4th 1987–88 38 1987–88 0
Al-Qasimb 17th 2019–20 6 2019–20 0
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiyaa, b 2nd 1974–75 51 1974–75 7 2020–21
Al-Shortaa, b 1st 1974–75 51 1974–75 7 2023–24
Al-Talabab 8th 1975–76 50 1975–76 5 2001–02
Al-Zawraab 3rd 1975–76 50 1975–76 14 2017–18
Diyala 1st (PDL) 1975–76 15 2024–25 0
Duhok 6th 1988–89 22 2022–23 1 2009–10
Erbil 14th 1987–88 33 2018–19 4 2011–12
Karbala 16th 1992–93 23 2022–23 0
Naft Al-Basra 18th 2004–05 20 2012–13 0
Naft Maysan 10th 2009–10 14 2013–14 0
Newrozb 7th 2021–22 4 2021–22 0
Zakho 5th 2002–03 20 2019–20 0

a: Founding member of the league
b: Never been relegated from the league

Map

[edit]

Seasons

[edit]

Since its first season in 1974–75 up until the 2024–25 season (not counting the qualifying rounds of the 2000–01 season), 80 teams have taken part in at least a single round. The teams in bold are competing in the Iraq Stars League in the 2024–25 season. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya and Al-Shorta are the only teams to have played in every single one of the 51 seasons.

Notes
  1. ^ Played the second half of the 1990–91 season to accommodate for the withdrawal of Erbil and played the first half of the 1993–94 season before being replaced by Babil.

Champions

[edit]
Club Titles Winning seasons
Al-Zawraa 14 1975–76, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1990–91, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2005–06, 2010–11, 2015–16, 2017–18
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya 7 1974–75, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1996–97, 2004–05, 2016–17, 2020–21
Al-Shorta 7 1979–80, 1997–98, 2012–13, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24
Al-Talaba 5 1980–81, 1981–82, 1985–86, 1992–93, 2001–02
Erbil 4 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2011–12
Al-Rasheed 3 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89
Al-Minaa 1 1977–78
Salahaddin 1 1982–83
Al-Jaish 1 1983–84
Duhok 1 2009–10
Naft Al-Wasat 1 2014–15

International competitions

[edit]

Qualification for Asian competitions

[edit]

The champions of the Iraq Stars League qualify for the subsequent season's AFC Champions League Elite league stage, while the winners of the Iraq FA Cup qualify for the AFC Champions League Two group stage. If the same team wins the Stars League and the FA Cup, the Stars League runners-up qualify for the AFC Champions League Two group stage. The number of places allocated to Iraqi clubs in AFC competitions is dependent upon the position the country holds in the AFC Club Competitions Ranking, which is calculated based upon the performance of teams in AFC competitions in the previous four years.[20]

Collectively, Iraqi teams have reached nine finals of Asian club competitions. Before the foundation of the national league, Aliyat Al-Shorta were the first Iraqi team to participate in the Asian Champion Club Tournament in 1971 and they reached the final, but they refused to play Israeli side Maccabi Tel Aviv and took the runner-up spot.[21] Al-Rasheed reached the final of the Asian Club Championship in 1989 but they lost a two-legged final on away goals to Al-Saad of Qatar.[21] Al-Talaba reached the final of the 1995 Asian Cup Winners' Cup but they lost it 2–1 to Bellmare Hiratsuka,[22] and five years later, Al-Zawraa lost the final of the same competition 1–0 to Shimizu S-Pulse in 2000.[23] Erbil reached the final of Asia's secondary tournament, the AFC Cup, twice in 2012 and 2014 but lost both times to Al-Kuwait and Al-Qadsia respectively.[14] Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya managed to win the AFC Cup when they beat Indian club Bengaluru FC 1–0 in the 2016 final, and they won the competition for the second consecutive season in 2017 by beating FC Istiklol by the same scoreline. They earned a joint-record third AFC Cup title with a 2–0 defeat of Altyn Asyr in 2018.[24]

Qualification for Arab competitions

[edit]

Iraqi clubs also participate in the Arab Club Champions Cup and the AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League, which are organised by the Union of Arab Football Associations and the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation respectively. Al-Shorta won the inaugural Arab Club Champions Cup in 1982 by defeating Al-Nejmeh 4–2 on aggregate in the final.[25] Meanwhile, Al-Rasheed won the Arab Club Champions Cup three times in a row in 1985, 1986 and 1987 and are the competition's joint-most successful side.[26]

Sponsorship

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The league was founded as the National Clubs League and has been renamed several times, with the current Stars League name remaining in place since 2023. The competition has had title sponsorship rights sold to three companies, which were Zain Iraq in the 2009–10 season,[27] Asiacell in the 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons[28] and Fuchs in the 2015–16 season.[29]

Period Sponsor Name
1974–1988 No sponsor National Clubs League
1988–1989 Pan-National Clubs League
1989–1995 National Clubs League
1995–1996 Advanced League
1996–1999 Premier League
1999–2000 First Division League
2000–2002 Elite League
2002–2003 First Division League
2003–2009 Premier League
2009–2010 Zain Iraq Zain Iraq League
2010–2012 Asiacell Asiacell Elite League
2012–2013 No sponsor Elite League
2013–2015 Premier League
2015–2016 Fuchs Fuchs Premier League
2016–2023 No sponsor Premier League
2023–present Stars League

Players

[edit]

Top scorers

[edit]
As of 14 July 2024.[6]
Rank Player Goals First app Last app Club(s) (goals)
1 Iraq Amjad Radhi 181 2007 present Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (98), Erbil (75), Al-Najaf (8)
2 Iraq Sahib Abbas 177 1988 2012 Salahaddin (42), Al-Zawraa (62), Al-Talaba (18), Karbala (50), Al-Sinaa (5)
3 Iraq Karim Saddam 171 1979 1996 Al-Sinaa (23), Al-Jaish (11), Al-Rasheed (4), Al-Zawraa (127), Al-Shorta (6)
4 Iraq Ali Hashim 170 1987 2004 Al-Najaf (149), Al-Karkh (21)
5 Iraq Hussein Abdullah 167 1991 2010 Al-Sinaa (32), Al-Naft (16), Diyala (40), Duhok (58), Erbil (14), Kirkuk (2), Peris (5)
6 Iraq Hammadi Ahmed 163 2005 2023 Samarra (19), Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (144)
7 Iraq Alaa Abdul-Zahra 158 2004 present Al-Zawraa (54), Duhok (26), Al-Shorta (78)
8 Iraq Younis Abid Ali 157 1983 2000 Al-Shorta (135), Al-Rasheed (15), Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (3), Al-Difaa Al-Jawi (4)
9 Iraq Ahmed Radhi 146 1981 1999 Al-Zawraa (103), Al-Rasheed (43)
10 Iraq Alaa Kadhim 145 1988 2007 Al-Sinaa (8), Al-Talaba (137)

Bold denotes players still playing in the Iraq Stars League.

Awards

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Trophy

[edit]

The current Iraq Stars League trophy was revealed on 13 July 2024 and was sculpted by the Iraqi painter and sculptor Ahmed Albahrani. The trophy is predominantly silver in colour, and features a silver and golden football at the top. The trophy has a silver base with the words "Iraq Stars League" written in English and Arabic, alongside the logo of the competition and the season.[30]

Records

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League records

[edit]
Titles
Wins
Losses
Goals

Match records

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Scorelines
Attendances

Player records

[edit]
Appearances
Titles
Goals

Managerial records

[edit]
Titles

The following managers have won multiple titles:[47]

Manager Club(s) Wins Winning seasons
Iraq Ayoub Odisho Al-Talaba, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (2), Al-Zawraa 4 1992–93, 1996–97, 2017–18, 2020–21
Iraq Jamal Salih Al-Talaba, Al-Rasheed (2) 3 1981–82, 1987–88, 1988–89
Iraq Thair Ahmed Al-Talaba, Erbil (2) 2001–02, 2007–08, 2008–09
Iraq Basim Qasim Duhok, Al-Zawraa, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya 2009–10, 2015–16, 2016–17
Iraq Saadi Salih Al-Zawraa 2 1975–76, 1976–77
Iraq Ammo Baba Al-Talaba, Al-Zawraa 1980–81, 1993–94
Iraq Amer Jameel Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, Al-Zawraa 1989–90, 1998–99
Iraq Adnan Hamad Al-Zawraa 1995–96, 1999–2000
Iraq Sabah Abdul-Jalil Al-Zawraa, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya 2000–01, 2004–05
Egypt Moamen Soliman Al-Shorta 2021–22, 2023–24

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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