Identifier: historyofmankind01ratz (find matches)
Title: The history of mankind
Year: 1896 (1890s)
Authors: Ratzel, Friedrich, 1844-1904 Butler, Arthur John, 1844-1910
Subjects: Ethnology Anthropology
Publisher: London, Macmillan and co., ltd. New York, The Macmillan co.
Contributing Library: Wellesley College Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Wellesley College Library

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en to this day the north is called the Lower and the south theUpper Island. The various tribal groups trace their origin to their canoes, thenames of which they have preserved, and equally the names of the chiefs andthe exact spot where the canoe landed. One canoe sailed round the North Cape,another made its way through Cooks Straits ; these two brought the first settlersto the west coast. Wharekauri or Chatham Island, some sixty nautical milesdistant from New Zealand, must have been peopled at the same time. A second starting-point is indicated by tradition in the Tonga or FriendlyIslands. The inhabitants of Nukahiva in the Marquesas make their forefatherscome with bread-fruit and sugar-cane from Vavau in the Tonga Archipelago.But among the inhabitants of the southern part of that archipelago the Hawaikilegend appears again, although language and customs rather point to Tahiti. Inthis connection we may remember that in Raiatea also there was once a locality 176 THE HISTORY OF MANKIND
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(1) God of dances in the form of a double paddle, Easter Island; (2)toothed club from Tutuila ; (3) ancient club from Tonga; (4, 5) shortclubs from Easier Island. (Berlin Museum of Ethnology.) designated Hawaii. TheHawaii or SandwichIslands offer the samedifficult). Language andcustoms connect theirinhabitants with Tahitito which, as also to theMarquesas, Hawaiiantravel myths point. Onthe other hand, placenames show a lively re-collection of the Samoagroup. Tahiti seems tohave sent forth emigrantsto Hawaii, Nukahiva,Rarotonga ; yet the ex-plicit tradition of theRarotongans makes theirisland to have beensettled almost simultan-eously from Samoa andTahiti. But then fromRarotonga again camethe colonists for theGambier and AustralIslands, with Rapa, andalso a part of those whomade the great journeyto New Zealand. We feel some scrupleabout making the nameHawaiki indicate onesingle island of a smallarchipelago. Streams ofemigration are supposedto have poured forthfrom it, at the most vari-o

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