English: Ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) are subunits of spliceosomes (small RNA and proteins). SnRNPs cut the DNA and remove noncoding introns (2) from the coding exons (1). This is an accessible process to producing a mature mRNA for RNA translation.
The introns are cut at the 5’ and 3’ splice sites.
The U1 snRNP binds to the 5’ splice site, while U6 snRNP binds to the 3’ splice site.
Then U2, U4, U5 binds in the intron region (branch site).
The 5’ splice site on the end of the intron is cut first. The free 5’ end then bonded to an adenine in the branch site.
U1 and U4 snRNPs are released as the U3, U5, U6 snRNPs shift on the lariat (the removed intron with the snRNPs attached).
The 3’ splice site is cut and the exon sites are connected.
The lariat then disintegrates away from the exons.
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