English: Leptospires have LigB surface proteins that binds to various cell components such as complement proteins, thrombin, fibrinogen, and plasminogen and extracellular matrix (ECM). Leptospires also has LipL32 surface protein that binds to fibroblast, macrophages, endothelial cells, and kidney epithelial cells. Examples of complement regulators are: Factor H, C4b binding protein, and vitronectin. Examples of cytokines are: IL-6, TNF, and IL-10.
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↑ (May 2017). "Virulence of the zoonotic agent of leptospirosis: still terra incognita?". Nature Reviews. Microbiology15 (5): 297–307. DOI:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.5. PMID28260786.