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Summary

Description
English: Life restoration of Panoplosaurus, a nodosaurid ankylosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian stage) of Canada (Alberta).
  • Angle: In this restoration, Panoplosaurus is standing with its trunk turned 37 degrees to the left from the viewer, while the head is turned a bit more (72 degrees).
  • Body armour: Panoplosaurus were similar to its close relative Edmontonia, but lacked the enlarged shoulder spikes.[1][2] As the original description of Panoplosaurus[3] do not contain any restoration of the pattern and arrangement of spikes and scutes, the armour of my current restoration are mostly inspired from the Panoplosaurus drawing used in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures,[2] with some inspiration from skeletal drawings of Sauropelta and Edmontonia by Gregory S. Paul.[4] Paul also have a skull drawing and head illustration of Panoplosaurus, [4] which I have used as a model for the head armour in my current illustration.
  • Limbs: fossil findings indicate the manus of Panoplosaurus possessed at least three digits.[3] While the closely related Sauropelta retained five manual digits,[5] ankylosaur researcher Kenneth Carpenter have suggested that Panoplosaurus only possessed three, an interpretation used here. The feet of nodosaurids usually possessed four toes. .[1]

References

  1. ↑ a b Carpenter K. “Ankylosaurs”. In Farlow J.O. & Brett-Surman M.K. The Complete Dinosaur (Indiana University Press, 1999): p. 307-316
  2. ↑ a b Dixon D. The Complete Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures (Hermes House, 2011): p. 376
  3. ↑ a b Lambe L.M. (1919). “Description of a new genus and species (Panoplosaurus mirus) of armored dinosaur from the Belly River Beds of Alberta”. Proceedings and transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 3(13): p. 39-50
  4. ↑ a b Paul G.S. Dinosaurs: A Field Guide (London: A & C Black, 2010): p. 237,238
  5. ↑ Vickarious M.K., Maryanska T & Weishampel D.B. ”Ankylosaurida”. In Weishampel D.B., Dodson P & Osmolska H. The Dinosauria, 2nd ed. (University of California Press, 2004): p. 363-392
Source Own work
Author Conty

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current06:22, 23 January 2022Thumbnail for version as of 06:22, 23 January 20223,554 × 1,593 (935 KB)ContyAdd ground and shadow to updated version
06:16, 22 January 2022Thumbnail for version as of 06:16, 22 January 20223,572 × 1,760 (759 KB)ContyEditing head and neck armour as well as hands and feet.
06:15, 23 December 2021Thumbnail for version as of 06:15, 23 December 20213,572 × 1,760 (1,002 KB)ContyThird version, complete update
17:57, 25 July 2010Thumbnail for version as of 17:57, 25 July 20104,807 × 3,069 (1.76 MB)ContyNew illustration.
12:28, 22 December 2009Thumbnail for version as of 12:28, 22 December 20092,614 × 1,588 (483 KB)ContyTook away the knee cap, and the claws on the toes 5 and 4.
15:40, 17 April 2009Thumbnail for version as of 15:40, 17 April 20092,614 × 1,588 (487 KB)Conty{{Information |Description={{en|1=Illustration of the ankylosaurian dinosaur ''Panoplosaur''. ''Panoplosaurus'' was a nodosaurid, related to ''Animantarx'' and ''Edmontonia''. They all lived in North America during the late cretaceous period.}

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