English: Martyrs' Monument, Greyfriars Kirkyard The Monument commemorates the Covenanters executed after the Restoration in 1660. The Covenant, signed in the kirkyard and then throughout Scotland in 1638, was a protest against Charles I's attempt to impose episcopacy and an Anglican liturgy on the Scottish Kirk, based on a presumed right to dictate church organisation and form of worship by analogy with his position as Head of the Church of England.
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