English: "Slave Market" (caption translation). This image shows men, women and children being sold. Some are cooking food over an open fire. Johann Moritz Rugendas (1802–1858) was a German painter, famous for his works depicting landscapes and ethnographic subjects in the Americas, in the first half of the nineteenth century. Rugendas arrived in Brazil in 1822, hired as an illustrator for Baron von Langsdorff's scientific expedition. Rugendas remained on his own in Brazil until 1825, exploring and recording his many impressions of daily life in the provinces of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, and quickly the coastal provinces of Bahia and Pernambuco on his journey back to Europe. He produced mostly drawings and watercolors. He returned to Europe and between 1827 and 1835 he published his book with the help of Victor Aimé Huber. For an analysis of Rugendas' drawings, as these were informed by his anti-slavery views, see Robert W. Slenes, African Abrahams, "Lucretias and Men of Sorrows: Allegory and Allusion in the Brazilian Anti-slavery Lithographs (1827-1835) of Johann Moritz Rugendas," Slavery & Abolition, 23 (2002), p. 147-168. Daniel Mannix, Black Cargoes (New York, 1962; after p. 146), erroneously captions this illustration as "A slave market in Martinique, early nineteenth century."