Jump to content

File:Historic Benzene Formulae Armstrong (original).png

Page contents not supported in other languages.
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Historic_Benzene_Formulae_Armstrong_(original).png (504 × 453 pixels, file size: 12 KB, MIME type: image/png)

Summary

Description
Deutsch: Henry Edward Armstrongs Vorschlag für die Benzol-Strukturformel im Original, entnommen aus:
English: Henry Edward Armstrong's proposal for the benzene structure in its original, taken from:
Henry Edward Armstrong (1887). "An Explanation of the Laws which govern Substitution in the case of Benzenoid Compounds". J. Chem. Soc., Trans. 51: 258–268. DOI:10.1039/CT8875100258. "I venture to think that a symbol free from all objections may be based on the assumption that of the twenty-four affinities of the six carbon-atoms twelve are engaged in the formation of the six-carbon ring and six in retaining the six hydrogen-atoms, in the manner ordinarily supposed; while the remaining six react upon each other, — acting towards a centre as it were, so that the ‘affinity’ may be said to be uniformly and symmetrically distributed. I would, in fact, make use of the following symbol: —"
Date
Source An_Explanation_of_the_Laws_which_govern_Substitution_in_the_case_of_Benzenoid_Compounds.pdf
Author Henry Edward Armstrong (1848–1937)
Other versions Historic Benzene Formulae Kekulé (original).png

Licensing

Public domain

This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer.

You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.
 Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Honduras has a general copyright term of 75 years, but it does implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).
This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.

Original upload log

This image is a derivative work of File:An_Explanation_of_the_Laws_which_govern_Substitution_in_the_case_of_Benzenoid_Compounds.pdf licensed with PD-old, uploaded on 2010-08-12T15:43:48Z, by Leyo

Uploaded with derivativeFX

Captions

Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents

Items portrayed in this file

depicts

inception

14 August 2010

media type

image/png

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current09:55, 14 August 2010Thumbnail for version as of 09:55, 14 August 2010504 × 453 (12 KB)Sponk== {{int:filedesc}} == {{Information |Description={{de|Henry Edward Armstrongs Vorschlag für die Benzol-Strukturformel im Original, entnommen aus:}} {{en|[[:en:Henry Edward Armstrong|Henry Edward Armstrong's]

Global file usage

The following other wikis use this file:

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Historic_Benzene_Formulae_Armstrong_(original).png"