File:Henriette Avram.jpg

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Summary

Non-free media information and use rationale true for Henriette Avram
Description	Henriette Davidson Avram (October 7, 1919 – April 22, 2006), American computer programmer and systems analyst who developed the MARC format (Machine Readable Cataloging)
Source	Library of Congress; The Washington Post [1]
Article	Henriette Avram
Portion used	Entire
Low resolution?	Yes
Purpose of use	It is only being used to illustrate the article in question
Replaceable?	As the subject is deceased, no free equivalent could reasonably be obtained or created to replace this media
Other information	The use of this image on Wikipedia is contended to be a fair use, since it is used solely for educational purposes in a not-for-profit encyclopedia, is necessary for cultural and historical purposes, and the material value of the possible copyright is not believed to be lessened by its use here It is believed that the use of this image on the English-language Wikipedia to illustrate an article on the person in question falls under the "Non-profit educational" clause of the Fair Use doctrine currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107) It is a low resolution copy It is only being used to illustrate the article in question The image is irreplaceable; a free analogue is impossible to produce as the original will be covered by copyright for the foreseeable future Owing to the limited web-resolution of the image, only a small portion of a copyrighted work is used It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the image in any way For the same reasons, the portion of the copyrighted work used is of inherently lower quality than the original, reducing the risk of competitiveness and therefore the effects of this copy on the market for or value of versions held by the owner of the copyright
Fair useFair use of copyrighted material in the context of Henriette Avram//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henriette_Avram.jpgtrue

Licensing

This image is a faithful digitisation of a unique historic image, and the copyright for it is most likely held by the person who created the image or the agency employing the person. It is believed that the use of this image may qualify as non-free use under the Copyright law of the United States. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content for more information.

Please remember that the non-free content criteria require that non-free images on Wikipedia must not "[be] used in a manner that is likely to replace the original market role of the original copyrighted media." Use of historic images from press agencies must only be of a transformative nature, when the image itself is the subject of commentary rather than the event it depicts (which is the original market role, and is not allowed per policy). Fair use

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File history

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	06:01, 13 December 2018		266 × 375 (11 KB)	Theo's Little Bot (talk \| contribs)	Reduce size of non-free image (BOT - disable)
	21:17, 10 December 2018	No thumbnail	800 × 1,128 (158 KB)	Nishad (talk \| contribs)	Replaced with higher size image
	20:23, 17 May 2011	No thumbnail	200 × 282 (6 KB)	Gobonobo (talk \| contribs)	{{Non-free use rationale \| Article = Henriette Avram \| Description = Henriette Davidson Avram (October 7, 1919 – April 22, 2006), American computer programmer and systems analyst who developed the MARC format (Machine Readable Catalogin

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File usage

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Henriette Avram