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File:Gymnosperm Stem Soft Wood in Pinus (36087417260).jpg

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Description

transverse or cross section: Pinus stem magnification: 40x iron-alum hematoxylin and safranin stain

Well defined annual rings of large diameter spring wood and smaller diameter autumn wood are composed entirely of narrow, relatively thin walled tracheids. The lumen of many tracheids is crossed by branched trabeculae. Tracheid side walls contain large circular bordered pits that function to move water from tracheid to tracheid while preventing air flow from embolized tracheids.

Gymnosperms like Pinus rely entirely on tracheids for water flow and mechanical support. True xylem vessels and wood parenchyma are lacking. While fibers are generally absent older stems may contain some fiber tracheids.

Xylem rays are uniseriate and composed of clear, thin walled parenchyma cells.

The large open lumens of resin ducts are lined with living secretory parenchyma that produces resins and many toxic terpenes including turpentines.
Date
Source Gymnosperm Stem: Soft Wood in Pinus
Author Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library

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Creative Commons CC-Zero This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

This image was originally posted to Flickr by bccoer at https://flickr.com/photos/146824358@N03/36087417260 (archive). It was reviewed on 22 June 2018 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-zero.

22 June 2018

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current23:55, 22 June 2018Thumbnail for version as of 23:55, 22 June 20183,264 × 1,840 (8.39 MB)MeisamTransferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons

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