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File:Enclave exclave diagram.svg

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Summary

Description
English: Different territories (countries, states, counties, municipalities, etc.) are represented by different colours and letters; separated parts of the same territory are represented by the same colour and letter, with a different number added to each smaller part of that territory (the main part is identified by the letter only).
  • A (pink):
    • has 3 exclaves (A1, A2 and A3): it is impossible to go from the main part A to any of these pasts going only through territory of A; however:
      • A1 is not an enclave: you can go from A to A1 passing through C or through the sea;
      • A2 is not an enclave: it has land frontiers with more than one "foreign" territory (B and C);
      • A3 is an enclave: it is totally surrounded by B;
    • has 1 enclave (E): "foreign" territory totally surrounded by territory of A;
    • has 2 counter-enclaves, or second-order enclaves (A4 and A5): territories belonging to A which are encroached inside the enclave E;
    • has 1 counter-counter-enclave, or third-order enclave (E1).
  • B (yellow):
    • has 2 enclaves (A3 and D).
  • C (green):
    • continuous territory.
  • D (orange):
    • is an enclaved territory: it is territorially continuous, but its territory is totally surrounded by a single "foreign" territory (B).
  • E (purple):
    • is an enclaved territory: it is encroached inside A;
    • has 2 enclaves (A4 and A5) which are counter-enclaves of the territory surrounding E;
    • has 1 counter-enclave (E1) which is a counter-counter-enclave of A.
In topological terms, A and E are considered non-connected surfaces, and B, C and D are considered connected surfaces. However, C and D are also considered simply connected surfaces, while B is not (it has genus 2, the number of "holes" in B).
Português: Territórios (países, estados, municípios, etc.) diferentes são representados por cores e letras diferentes; parcelas de um mesmo território são representadas pela mesma cor e letra, sendo acrescentado um número diferente a cada uma das parcelas menores desse território (a parcela principal é identificada apenas pela letra).
  • A (rosa):
    • tem 3 exclaves (A1, A2 e A3): é impossível ir da parcela principal de A a qualquer uma destas parcelas passando apenas por território de A; no entanto:
      • A1 não é um enclave: pode ir-se a A a A1 passando por C ou através do mar;
      • A2 não é um enclave: faz fronteira com mais do que um território "estrangeiro" (B e C);
      • A3 é um enclave: está totalmente rodeado por B;
    • tem 1 enclave (E): território "estrangeiro" totalmente rodeado por território de A;
    • tem 2 contra-enclaves, ou enclaves de segunda ordem (A4 e A5): territórios pertencentes a A encravados no interior do enclave E;
    • tem 1 contra-contra-enclave, ou enclave de terceira ordem (E1).
  • B (amarelo):
    • tem 2 enclaves (A3 e D).
  • C (verde):
    • território contínuo.
  • D (laranja):
    • é um território-enclave: é territorialmente contínuo, mas o seu território está totalmente rodeado por um único território "estrangeiro" (B).
  • E (lilás):
    • é um território-enclave: está encravado em A;
    • tem 2 enclaves (A4 e A5), que são contra-enclaves do território que circunda E;
    • tem 1 contra-enclave (E1), que é um contra-contra-enclave de A.
Em termos de Topologia Matemática, A e E são considerados superfícies desconexas e B, C e D são considerados superfícies conexas. No entanto, C e D são ainda considerados superfícies simplesmente conexas, enquanto B não o é (tem género 2, o número de "buracos" existentes em B).
Date
Source https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagrama_enclave_exclave.svg
Author Gazilion

Licensing

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The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

Captions

Explanatory diagram of territorial discontinuities: Enclaves and Exclaves

Items portrayed in this file

depicts

enclave or exclave

inception

17 April 2014

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