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Summary

Description
Español: Mapa de las migraciones del haplogrupo E del cromosoma Y y de sus principales subclados.
English: Map of the migrations of haplogroup E of the Y chromosome and its main subclades.
Date
Source Own work, map from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World_map_blank_without_borders.svg
Author Maulucioni
Other versions File:E1b1bRoute.png

Map based on the probable origin of E (M96, former M40) in Africa[1] about 65,000 years ago.[2] E1a (M132, former M33) is present exclusively in west Africa.[3]

There is strong support for the hypothesis that haplogroup E1b1 (P2) originated in eastern Africa.[4] E1b1a is geographically quite restricted to sub-Saharan Africa,[5] and there is a central/western African origin for haplogroup E1b1a1 (P1, M2),[6] which is related to relatively recent population Bantu expansion (3-5kya).[7]

There is a strong probability favors an eastern African placement for the origin of the E1b1b (M215). The main clade of E1b1b is M35, which is divided into two important branches: E-V68 and E-Z827.[6] The origin of E-V68 and the center of expansion of its main subclade M78, would be in the east of the Sahara and the Nile valley; a recent archaeological study reveals that during a desiccation period in North Africa, while the eastern Sahara was depopulated, a refugium existed on the border of present-day Sudan and Egypt, near Lake Nubia, until the onset of a humid phase around 8500 BC, occurring during the Mesolithic a rapid expansion in Africa, the Levant, Asia Minor and Europe, where they each eventually differentiated into their regionally distinctive branches.[8]

This map includes the following major subclades of E:

  • E (M96)
    • E2 (M75)
    • E1 (P147)
      • E1a (M132)
      • E1b (P177)
        • E1b1 (P2)
          • E1b1a (V38)
            • E1b1a1 (P1, M2)
              • E-V43
                • E-M4706
                  • E-L485
                    • E-M191
                • E-U175
          • E1b1b (M215)
            • E1b1b1 (M35.1)
              • E1b1b1a (V68, L539)
                • E-M78
                  • E-Z1902
                    • E-V12
                      • E-V32
                    • E-V65
                  • E-Z1919
                    • E-V13
                    • E-V22
              • E1b1b1b (Z827)
                • E-L19
                  • E-M81
                • E-Z830
                  • E-M123
                    • E-M34
                  • E-CTS10880 (V1515)
                    • E-M293
                    • E-V6

References

  1. ↑ Haber, Marc et al. “A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans Out of Africa.” Genetics vol. 212,4 (2019): 1421-1428. doi:10.1534/genetics.119.302368
  2. ↑ Y full E tree YTree v9.02.00 Yfull 2021
  3. ↑ Martínez, B., Simão, F., Gomes, V. et al. Searching for the roots of the first free African American community. Sci Rep 10, 20634 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77608-8
  4. ↑ Trombetta, Beniamino et al. “A new topology of the human Y chromosome haplogroup E1b1 (E-P2) revealed through the use of newly characterized binary polymorphisms.” PloS one vol. 6,1 e16073. 6 Jan. 2011, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016073
  5. ↑ Semino, Ornella et al. “Origin, diffusion, and differentiation of Y-chromosome haplogroups E and J: inferences on the neolithization of Europe and later migratory events in the Mediterranean area.” American journal of human genetics vol. 74,5 (2004): 1023-34. doi:10.1086/386295
  6. ↑ a b Trombetta, Beniamino et al. “Phylogeographic Refinement and Large Scale Genotyping of Human Y Chromosome Haplogroup E Provide New Insights into the Dispersal of Early Pastoralists in the African Continent.” Genome biology and evolution vol. 7,7 1940-50. 24 Jun. 2015, doi:10.1093/gbe/evv118
  7. ↑ Montano V, Ferri G, Marcari V, Batini C, Anyaele O, Destro-Bisol G, Comas D. The Bantu expansion revisited: a new analysis of Y chromosome variation in Central Western Africa. Mol Ecol. 2011 Jul;20(13):2693-708. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05130.x. Epub 2011 Jun 1. PMID: 21627702.
  8. ↑ Battaglia, Vincenza et al. “Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in Southeast Europe.” European journal of human genetics : EJHG vol. 17,6 (2009): 820-30. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2008.249

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Y-DNA Haplogroup E Migrations

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current20:55, 23 March 2023Thumbnail for version as of 20:55, 23 March 20231,396 × 1,556 (237 KB)ABCymtaadjusting arrow position
19:49, 23 March 2023Thumbnail for version as of 19:49, 23 March 20231,396 × 1,556 (237 KB)ABCymtanaming pattern
19:33, 23 March 2023Thumbnail for version as of 19:33, 23 March 20231,396 × 1,556 (233 KB)ABCymtanew version with time estimations in kya
15:08, 11 May 2021Thumbnail for version as of 15:08, 11 May 2021495 × 540 (28 KB)Maulucioniadding E-U175
02:50, 11 May 2021Thumbnail for version as of 02:50, 11 May 2021495 × 540 (27 KB)MaulucioniUploaded own work with UploadWizard

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