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set term svg size 800,500 dynamic font "sans-serif"
set autoscale xfix
set grid
set style data linespoints
set pointsize 0.6
unset key
set ylabel "Population, billions"
#set xtics add (2018) # Added for clarity, may be omitted if necessary.
plot "population.txt" using 1:($2/1e6) linetype rgb "#A30000" pt 5
But for updating its easy to just add the new data line in the population.txt below: