English: Three mechanisms of Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane (AOM). The first method (top) is mediated by a consortium of anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea from the clades 1,2a,2b & 2c and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). The oxidation of methane occurs in the ANME where electrons are passed directly to the SRB, which performs sulfate reduction [1][2]. The second method (middle) links methane oxidation with nitrate reduction, mediated by consortia of ANME archaea and Anammox bacteria [3]. The third mechanism (bottom) also links methane oxidation with nitrate reduction but is mediated by ANME archaea and NC10 bacteria. Unlike the first two mechanisms, both the ANME archaea and NC10 bacteria compete for methane [4].
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↑McGlynn SE, Chadwick GL, Kempes CP, Orphan VJ (2015). "Single cell activity reveals direct electron transfer in methanotrophic consortia". Nature526 (7574): 531-535. DOI:10.1038/nature15512. PMID26375009.
↑Wegener G, Krukenberg V, Riedel D, Tegetmeyer HE, Boetius A (2015). "Intercellular wiring enables electron transfer between methanotrophic archaea and bacteria". Nature526 (7574): 587–590. DOI:10.1038/nature15733.
↑Haroon, M.F., Hu, S., Shi, Y., Imelfort, M., Keller, J., Hugenholtz, P., et al. (2013) Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to nitrate reduction in a novel archaeal lineage. Nature 500: 567–570.
↑Raghoebarsing, A.A., Pol, A., van de Pas-Schoonen, K.T., Smolders, A.J.P., Ettwig, K.F., Rijpstra, W.I.C., et al. (2006) A microbial consortium couples anaerobic methane oxidation to denitrification. Nature 440: 918–921.
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