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List of diplomatic missions of the Philippines

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Countries hosting diplomatic missions of the Philippines

The Republic of the Philippines has a network of diplomatic missions in major cities around the world, under the purview of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), to forward the country's interests in the areas that they serve, as well as to serve the ever-growing numbers of Overseas Filipinos and Overseas Filipino Workers.

Although the Philippine diplomatic mission network is wide, there are embassies that are accredited to other nations without Philippine diplomatic posts. The network as of October 2024 consists of 66 embassies, 28 consulates-general, 4 permanent missions to international organizations, and the Manila Economic and Cultural Office (MECO) in Taipei, and its 2 extension offices.

Excluded from this listing are honorary consulates, branches of the Sentro Rizal, overseas offices of the Department of Tourism and the Department of Migrant Workers, and trade missions (with the exception of MECO, which serves as the country's de facto embassy to Taiwan).

History

[edit]

Although attempts at initial diplomatic relations were made during the Philippine Revolution and the time of the First Philippine Republic, most nations have established diplomatic relations with the Philippines only in the years after the country achieved independence from the United States in 1946.

The first documented instance of a Philippine diplomatic mission being established abroad was that of the embassy in Tokyo, which was opened by the Second Philippine Republic, a puppet state of the Empire of Japan, on March 24, 1944, with Jorge B. Vargas as its first ambassador.[1] However, the mission was summarily closed with Japan's defeat in World War II, and as it was never recognized by the pre-war Commonwealth of the Philippines,[2] the oldest continually-operating Philippine diplomatic mission is that of the embassy in Washington, D.C., replacing the office of the Resident Commissioner of the Philippines after the country achieved independence from the United States on July 4, 1946,[2] and led by Joaquín Miguel Elizalde as its first ambassador.[3] This was followed shortly thereafter with the establishment of the permanent mission to the United Nations.[3]

A number of missions were opened in the first years after independence. In his 1947 State of the Nation Address (SONA), President Manuel Roxas announced that missions in a number of other cities were also opened aside from the embassy in Washington, D.C.;[4] these included the first consulates general in New York City, San Francisco, and Honolulu, as well as consulates in Xiamen and Hong Kong.[5] Additional missions were opened the following year, including the first missions in Europe (in London, Madrid and Rome) and Latin America (in Buenos Aires).[6] By 1952, the Philippine foreign service had grown to encompass missions in 11 countries,[7] and by 1965 grew further to missions in 36 countries worldwide.[8]

The Philippines' diplomatic presence grew significantly during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, spurred in part by the normalization of relations with the Eastern Bloc in the early 1970s.[9] Philippine diplomatic missions were present in 43 countries by 1978,[10] with additional missions opening the following year, particularly in the Middle East.[11] By 1981, there were 63 countries worldwide hosting Philippine diplomatic missions.[12] Several missions, however, would be closed at the tail end of the Marcos presidency and in the years thereafter as part of a series of cost reduction programs.

Another expansion of the country's diplomatic presence took place during the presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, with 67 countries hosting Philippine diplomatic missions by the end of her presidency. This, however, was not without controversy: in 2010 Senator Franklin Drilon questioned the need for embassies in countries with small Filipino communities, calling for a review of the Philippines' diplomatic presence worldwide.[13] Arroyo's successor, Benigno Aquino III, then announced two years later the closure of ten posts (seven embassies and three consulates general): Caracas, Venezuela; Koror, Palau; Dublin, Ireland; Stockholm, Sweden; Bucharest, Romania; Havana, Cuba; Helsinki, Finland; Barcelona, Spain; Frankfurt, Germany and Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands.[14] These closures have since been largely reversed under Aquino's successors, Rodrigo Duterte and Bongbong Marcos, with the 2019 reopening of the consulate general in Frankfurt,[15] the 2020 reopening of the consulate general in Barcelona,[16] and shortly thereafter the reopening of the embassy in Sweden.[17] In 2024, the embassies in Finland and Romania reopened after funding to reopen them was approved by Congress, alongside the future reopening of the embassies in Cuba and Ireland.[18] Even missions closed years earlier were reopened, such as the 2018 reopening of the consulate general in Houston 25 years after it was last closed.[19]

Aquino's successors have generally returned to an expansion of the Philippines' diplomatic presence abroad, including the opening of new missions where they did not exist previously. Under Duterte, the Philippines opened its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark on January 14, 2019, the first new embassy to open since 2012,[20] while the first new consulate to open since 2012 opened in Nagoya, Japan on December 1, 2020.[21] Under Bongbong Marcos, the first new mission to open during his presidency is the embassy in Bogotá, Colombia in 2024.[22] Other missions likely to be opened include new embassies in Ethiopia,[23] Kazakhstan,[23] Panama,[24] and Ukraine,[25] as well as the reopening of embassies in Palau and Peru.[23][26]

Current missions

[edit]

Africa

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Head of mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
 Egypt Cairo Embassy Ezzedin H. Tago
Countries:
 [27][28]
 Kenya Nairobi Embassy Marie Charlotte G. Tang
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [29][30]
 Libya Tripoli Embassy Alan Roi Q. Gabriola
Chargé d'Affaires, e.p.
Countries:
 [31][32]
 Morocco Rabat Embassy Leslie J. Baja
Countries:
 [33]
 Nigeria Abuja Embassy Mersole J. Mellejor
Countries:
 [34][35]
 South Africa Pretoria Embassy Noralyn J. Baja
Countries:
 [36][37]

Americas

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Head of mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
 Argentina Buenos Aires Embassy Grace T. Cruz-Fabella
Countries:
 [38][39]
 Brazil Brasília Embassy Joseph Gerard B. Angeles
Countries:
 [40][41]
 Canada Ottawa Embassy Maria Andrelita S. Austria
International Organizations:
 [42][43]
Calgary Consulate-General Emma R. Sarne [42][44]
Toronto Consulate-General Angelica C. Escalona [42][45][46]
Vancouver Consulate-General Arlene T. Magno [42][47][48]
 Chile Santiago de Chile Embassy Celeste S. Vinzon-Balatbat
Countries:
 [49][50]
 Colombia Bogotá Embassy Judy B. Razon
Chargée d'Affaires, a.i.
Countries:
 Mexico Mexico City Embassy Lilybeth R. Deapera
Countries:
 [51][52]
 United States Washington, D.C. Embassy Jose Manuel G. Romualdez
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [53][54][55]
Chicago Consulate-General J. Susana V. Paez [53][56][57]
Hagåtña, Guam Consulate-General Rosario P. Lemque [53][58][59]
Honolulu Consulate-General Pamela Durian-Bailon
Acting Head of Post 		[53][60]
Houston Consulate-General Gunther Emil M. Sales [53][61]
Los Angeles Consulate-General Maria Alnee A. Gamble
Acting Head of Post 		[53][62]
New York City Consulate-General Senen T. Mangalile [53][63][64]
San Francisco Consulate-General Neil Frank R. Ferrer [53][65]

Asia

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Head of mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
 Bahrain Manama Embassy Anne Jalando-on Louis [66][67]
 Bangladesh Dhaka Embassy Leo Tito L. Ausan Jr.
Countries:
 [68][69]
 Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Embassy Marian Jocelyn T. Ignacio [70][71]
 Cambodia Phnom Penh Embassy Flerida Ann Camille P. Mayo [72][73]
 China Beijing Embassy Jaime A. FlorCruz
Countries:
 [74][75][76]
Chongqing Consulate-General Ivan Frank M. Olea [74][77]
Guangzhou Consulate-General Marshall Louis M. Alferez [74][78]
Hong Kong Consulate-General Raly L. Tejada [74][79]
Macau Consulate-General Porfirio M. Mayo Jr. [74][80]
Shanghai Consulate-General Dinno M. Oblena [74][81]
Xiamen Consulate-General Maria Antonina M. Oblena [74][82]
 East Timor Dili Embassy Belinda M. Ante [83][84]
 India New Delhi Embassy Josel F. Ignacio
Countries:
 [85][86][87]
 Indonesia Jakarta Embassy Gina A. Jamoralin [88]
Manado Consulate-General Mary Jennifer Domingo Dingal [88][89]
 Iran Tehran Embassy Roberto G. Manalo
Countries:
 [90][91]
 Iraq Baghdad Embassy Christopher P. Castillo
Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. 		[92]
 Israel Tel Aviv Embassy Pedro R. Laylo Jr. [93][94]
 Japan Tokyo Embassy Mylene J. Garcia-Albano
Countries:
 [95][96][97]
Nagoya Consulate-General Roy B. Ecraela [95]
Osaka Consulate-General Voltaire D. Mauricio [95][98]
 Jordan Amman Embassy Wilfredo C. Santos
Countries:
 [99][100]
 Kuwait Kuwait City Embassy Jose A. Cabrera III [101][102]
 Laos Vientiane Embassy Deena Joy D. Amatong [103][104]
 Lebanon Beirut Embassy Raymond R. Balatbat [105][106]
 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Embassy Maria Angela A. Ponce [107][108][109]
 Myanmar Yangon Embassy Enrique Voltaire G. Pingol
Chargé d'Affaires, a.i. 		[110][111]
 Oman Muscat Embassy Raul S. Hernandez [112][113]
 Pakistan Islamabad Embassy Maria Agnes M. Cervantes
Countries:
 [114][115]
 Qatar Doha Embassy Lilibeth V. Pono [116][117]
 Republic of China (Taiwan)[c] Taipei Economic & Cultural Office Cheloy E. Velicaria-Garafil
Chairman & Resident Representative 		[118]
Kaohsiung Extension office [118]
Taichung Extension office [118]
 Saudi Arabia Riyadh Embassy Rommel A. Romato
Chargé d'Affaires, a.i.
Countries:
 [119][120]
Jeddah Consulate-General Edgar Tomas Q. Auxilian [119][121]
 Singapore Singapore Embassy Medardo G. Macaraig [122][123]
 South Korea Seoul Embassy Ma. Theresa B. Dizon-de Vega [124][125][126]
 Syria Damascus Embassy John G. Reyes
Chargé d'Affaires, e.p. 		[127]
 Thailand Bangkok Embassy Millicent Cruz-Paredes [128][129]
 Turkey Ankara Embassy Henry S. Bensurto Jr.
Countries:
 [130][131]
Istanbul Consulate-General Shirlene C. Mananquil [130]
 United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Embassy Alfonso A. Ver
International Organizations:
 [132][133]
Dubai Consulate-General Renato N. Dueñas Jr. [133][134]
 Vietnam Hanoi Embassy Meynardo L.B. Montealegre [135][136]

Europe

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Head of mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
 Austria Vienna Embassy Evangelina Lourdes A. Bernas
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [137][138][139]
 Belgium Brussels Embassy Jaime Victor B. Ledda
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [140][141]
 Czech Republic Prague Embassy Eduardo Martin R. Meñez [142]
 Denmark Copenhagen Embassy Leo M. Herrera-Lim [143]
 Finland Helsinki Embassy Ana Clariza P. Briones
Chargée d'Affaires, a.i.
 France Paris Embassy Junever M. Mahilum-West
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [144][145]
 Germany Berlin Embassy Irene Susan B. Natividad [146][147]
Frankfurt Consulate-General Marie Yvette L. Banzon-Abalos [146][148][149]
 Greece Athens Embassy Giovanni E. Palec
Countries:
 [150][151]
 Holy See[d] Rome Embassy Myla Grace Ragenia C. Macahilig
Sovereign entity:
 [152]
 Hungary Budapest Embassy Frank R. Cimafranca
Countries:
 [153][154]
 Italy Rome Embassy Nathaniel G. Imperial
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [155][156]
Milan Consulate-General Elmer G. Cato [155][157]
 Netherlands The Hague Embassy J. Eduardo E. Malaya III
International Organizations:
 [158][159][160]
 Norway Oslo Embassy Enrico T. Fos
Countries:
 [161][162]
 Poland Warsaw Embassy Leah B. Ruiz
Countries:
 [163][164]
 Portugal Lisbon Embassy Paul Raymund P. Cortes
Countries:
 [165][166]
 Romania Bucharest Embassy Siegfred T. Masangkay
Chargé d'Affaires, a.i.
Countries:
 Russia Moscow Embassy Igor G. Bailen
Countries:
 [167][168]
 Spain Madrid Embassy Philippe J. Lhuillier
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [169][170][171]
Barcelona Consulate-General Ma. Therese S.M. Lázaro [169][172]
 Sweden Stockholm Embassy Maria Lumen B. Isleta [17]
  Switzerland Bern Embassy Bernard F. Dy
Countries:
 [173][174]
Geneva Consulate-General Felipe Carino III [174]
 United Kingdom London Embassy Teodoro L. Locsin Jr.
Countries:
International Organizations:
 [175]

Oceania

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Head of mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
 Australia Canberra Embassy Ma. Hellen Barber de la Vega
Countries:
 [176][177]
Melbourne Consulate-General Maria Lourdes M. Salcedo [176][178]
Sydney Consulate-General Charmaine Rowena C. Aviquivil [176][179]
 New Zealand Wellington Embassy Kira Christianne D. Azucena
Countries:
 [180][181]
 Papua New Guinea Port Moresby Embassy Ariz Severino V. Convalecer
Chargé d'Affaires, a.i.
Countries:
 [182]

Multilateral organizations

[edit]
Organization Host city Host country Mission Head of mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
 Association of Southeast Asian Nations Jakarta Indonesia Permanent Mission Hjayceelyn M. Quintana [183][184]
 United Nations New York City United States Permanent Mission Antonio M. Lagdameo
International Organizations:
 [185][186]
Geneva Switzerland Permanent Mission Carlos D. Sorreta [184]
 World Trade Organization Geneva Switzerland Permanent Mission Manuel Antonio J. Teehankee [184][187]
[edit]
  • Embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan
    Embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan
  • Embassy in Bangkok
    Embassy in Bangkok
  • Embassy in Berlin
    Embassy in Berlin
  • Embassy in Buenos Aires
    Embassy in Buenos Aires
  • Embassy in Canberra
    Embassy in Canberra
  • Embassy in The Hague
    Embassy in The Hague
  • Embassy in London
    Embassy in London
  • Embassy in Madrid
    Embassy in Madrid
  • Building hosting the consulate-general in Barcelona
    Building hosting the consulate-general in Barcelona
  • Embassy in Mexico City
    Embassy in Mexico City
  • Embassy in Moscow
    Embassy in Moscow
  • Embassy in Ottawa
    Embassy in Ottawa
  • Embassy in Paris
    Embassy in Paris
  • Building hosting the embassy in Prague
    Building hosting the embassy in Prague
  • Embassy in Santiago de Chile
    Embassy in Santiago de Chile
  • Embassy in Stockholm
    Embassy in Stockholm
  • Embassy in Tel Aviv
    Embassy in Tel Aviv
  • Embassy in Tokyo
    Embassy in Tokyo
  • Consulate-General in Nagoya
    Consulate-General in Nagoya
  • Embassy in Warsaw
    Embassy in Warsaw
  • Embassy in Washington, D.C.
    Embassy in Washington, D.C.
  • Consulate-General in Honolulu
    Consulate-General in Honolulu
  • Consulate-General in San Francisco
    Consulate-General in San Francisco
  • Embassy in Wellington
    Embassy in Wellington

Closed missions

[edit]

Africa

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
 Gabon Libreville Embassy Unknown [188][failed verification]
 Madagascar Antananarivo Embassy Unknown [8]
 Senegal Dakar Embassy 1993 [189]

Americas

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
 Canada Winnipeg Consulate-General 1985 [190]
 Cuba Havana Embassy 2012 [14]
 Peru Lima Embassy 1993 [189]
 United States New Orleans Consulate-General 1985 [190]
Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands Consulate-General 2012 [14]
Seattle Consulate-General Unknown [8][191]
 Venezuela Caracas Embassy 2012 [14]

Asia

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
 South Vietnam[e] Saigon Embassy 1975 [192]
 Sri Lanka Colombo Embassy 1993 [193][189]

Europe

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
 East Germany[f] East Berlin Embassy 1990
 Germany Bonn Embassy extension office[g] 2008 [194]
Hamburg Consulate-General 2009 [195]
 Ireland Dublin Embassy 2012 [14]
 Yugoslavia Belgrade Embassy 1992 [196][197]

Oceania

[edit]
Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
 Micronesia Kolonia Embassy 1993 [189]
 Palau Koror Embassy 2012 [14]

Multilateral organizations

[edit]
Organization Host city Host country Mission Year closed Ref.
European Communities Brussels Belgium Permanent Mission 1985 [190]
 UNESCO Paris France Permanent Mission 1985 [190]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Accredited as an observer mission.
  2. ^ Bhutan is listed only under the consular jurisdiction of the Philippine Embassy in New Delhi. As of 2023, the two countries have yet to establish formal diplomatic relations.
  3. ^ The Philippines does not have formal relations with Taiwan, since the establishment of relations with the People's Republic of China in 1975. Nonetheless, its economic and cultural office in Taipei - along with its extension offices in Taichung and Kaohsiung - functions as a de facto embassy.
  4. ^ The Philippine Embassy to the Holy See is located outside Vatican territory in Rome.
  5. ^ The embassy closed down on 29 April 1975, in the midst of the Fall of Saigon, which marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period to the formal reunification of Vietnam.
  6. ^ The Philippines closed its embassy in East Berlin upon the reunification of Germany in 1990, which saw the dissolution of the Democratic Republic of Germany. More information is available on the article on the current Philippine embassy in Berlin
  7. ^ The Philippine embassy to West Germany was hosted in Bonn. Following the reunification of Germany in 1990, the embassy for the unified Germany was still maintained in Bonn. The embassy moved to Berlin in 1999, though the chancery in Bonn housed an extension office which remained operational until 2008. More information is available on the article on the current Philippine embassy in Berlin

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ocampo, Ambeth R. (29 January 2016). "Jorge Vargas as PH envoy to Japan during WWII". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Letter of President Roxas to General MacArthur on sending a five-man Commission on Reparations". Official Gazette. 6 January 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2021. Concerning quarters for the Philippine personnel for this Commission and others we may send in the future, will you kindly consider the possibility of housing them in the building formerly occupied by the Philippine Embassy and which has been purchased by the Puppet Republic?
  3. ^ a b "Appointments and Designations: July 1946". Official Gazette. 31 March 1957. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
  4. ^ "State of the Nation Address of President Roxas, January 27, 1947". Official Gazette. 27 January 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2021. Consistent with our new status as a Republic, we have organized a Foreign Affairs Department and a Foreign Service, and established an embassy at Washington and consular offices in a number of places abroad.
  5. ^ "Executive Order No. 94, s. 1947". Official Gazette. 4 October 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  6. ^ "State-of-the-Nation Message of President Quirino to the Joint Session of the Congress of the Philippines". Official Gazette. 24 January 1949. Retrieved 5 December 2020. For our part, we have diplomatic establishments' in eight nations and consular representatives in seventeen cities. We have recently established Philippine legations in London, Rome, Madrid, Nanking, Buenos Aires and a special mission in Tokyo.
  7. ^ "Administrative Order No. 205, s. 1952". Official Gazette. 3 December 1952. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  8. ^ a b c "Administrative Order No. 116, s. 1965". Official Gazette. 20 March 1965. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  9. ^ "Official Week in Review: September 21 – September 27, 1973". Official Gazette. October 1973. Retrieved 12 November 2021. THE PHILIPPINES and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) established formal diplomatic relations it was announced by the Department of Foreign Affairs. The Philippine-East German agreement is the first of four contemplated agreements with socialist countries of Eastern Europe which the President had specifically instructed Secretary of Foreign Affairs Carlos P. Romulo to negotiate.
  10. ^ "Letter of Implementation No. 63, s. 1978". Official Gazette. 16 March 1978. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  11. ^ "Letter of Implementation No. 95, s. 1979". Official Gazette. 9 August 1979. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  12. ^ "Executive Order No. 723, s. 1981". Official Gazette. 27 August 1981. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  13. ^ Ager, Maila (20 October 2010). "Review sought over number of RP embassies". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc. Archived from the original on 23 October 2010. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
  14. ^ a b c d e f "DFA shuts down five overseas posts, with five more to close this year". GMA News. 4 September 2012. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  15. ^ "PH opens Consulate General in Frankfurt" (Press release). Department of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines. 18 January 2019.
  16. ^ "Bagong Career Consulate General sa Barcelona simula ng March 2020" [New Career Consulate General in Barcelona starting March 2020] (Press release) (in Filipino). Philippine Consulate General, Barcelona. 2 March 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  17. ^ a b Rocamora, Joyce Ann L. (16 May 2020). "PH reopens embassy in Sweden after 8 years". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  18. ^ Tamayo, Bernadette E. (15 November 2022). "DFA to reopen 4 embassies as Senate okays P20.3B budget". The Manila Times. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  19. ^ "PH Consulate General in Houston reopens after 25 years". Philippine News Agency. 21 September 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  20. ^ "Announcement Regarding the Opening of the Philippine Embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark". The Official Website of the Embassy of the Philippines; Jurisdiction in Norway and Iceland (Press release). 4 January 2019.
  21. ^ Okada, Kaoru (5 December 2020). "在名古屋フィリピン総領事館が１日開設され、一部業務を開始" [The Philippine Consulate General in Nagoya opened on the 1st and started some operations]. Manila Shimbun (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
  22. ^ Chi, Cristina (20 August 2024). "Philippines to open embassy in Colombia". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
  23. ^ a b c Ramoran, Carol (23 February 2019). "LOOK: Philippines marks 65th year of German ties with new model embassy". Rappler. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  24. ^ Mercene, Recto (20 August 2017). "Diplomat bridges distance by deepening Panama-PHL partnership". BusinessMirror. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  25. ^ Tomacruz, Sofia (12 June 2022). "Philippines to open embassy in Ukraine". Rappler. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  26. ^ "Perú y Filipinas evalúan reabrir sus embajadas y fortalecer sus relaciones bilaterales" [Peru and the Philippines evaluate reopening their embassies and strengthening their bilateral relations] (Press release). Office of the President of Peru. 17 November 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
  27. ^ "Home". The Official website of the Philippine Embassy in Cairo, Egypt. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  28. ^ "EGYPT". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  29. ^ "The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya". Philippine Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  30. ^ "KENYA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  31. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Tripoli, Libya. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  32. ^ "LIBYA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  33. ^ "The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Rabat, Morocco". Rabatpe.dfa.gov.ph. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  34. ^ "NIGERIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  35. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines – Abuja, Nigeria". abujape.dfa.gov.ph. Department of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  36. ^ "SOUTH AFRICA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  37. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines – Pretoria, South Africa". Embassy of the Philippines – Pretoria, South Africa. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  38. ^ "ARGENTINA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  39. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina (in Spanish). Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  40. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines; Brasilia - DF, Brazil. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  41. ^ "BRAZIL". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  42. ^ a b c d "CANADA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  43. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Ottawa, Canada. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  44. ^ "Home". Official Site of the Philippine Consulate General Calgary. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  45. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Toronto, Canada. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  46. ^ "Home". The Website of Philippine Consulate General of Toronto, Canada. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  47. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Vancouver, Canada. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  48. ^ "Home". Philippines General Consulate - Vancouver, Canada. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  49. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Santiago, Chile. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  50. ^ "CHILE". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  51. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Mexico, Mexico. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  52. ^ "MEXICO". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  53. ^ a b c d e f g h "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  54. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines, Washington, D.C." Philippinessanfrancisco.org. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  55. ^ "Permanent Observers". Organization of American States. August 2009. Retrieved 18 September 2024.
  56. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Chicago, United States of America. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  57. ^ "Home". Consulate General of the Philippines - Chicago. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  58. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Agana, United States of America. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  59. ^ "Home". Philippine Consulate General in Agana, Guam. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  60. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Honolulu, Hawaii. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  61. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Houston, Texas. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  62. ^ "Consular & Other Services". Philippine Consulate General in Los Angeles. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  63. ^ "Home". Philippine Consulate General, New York. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  64. ^ "Home". Philippine Consulate General in New York. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  65. ^ "Home". Philippine Consulate General in San Francisco. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  66. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Manama, Bahrain. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  67. ^ "BAHRAIN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  68. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  69. ^ "BANGLADESH". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  70. ^ "BRUNEI". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  71. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Brunei, Brunei. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  72. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  73. ^ "CAMBODIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  74. ^ a b c d e f g "CHINA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  75. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Beijing, China. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  76. ^ "Home". The Philippine Embassy in China. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  77. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General Chongqing, China. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  78. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Guangzhou, China. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  79. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Hongkong SAR. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  80. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Macau, Macau. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  81. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Shanghai, China. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  82. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General Xiamen, China. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  83. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Dili, Timor-Leste. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  84. ^ "TIMOR LESTE". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  85. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in New Delhi, India. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  86. ^ "INDIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  87. ^ "PH Takes Initial Step Toward Diplomatic Relations with Bhutan" (Press release). Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
  88. ^ a b "INDONESIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  89. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General Manado, Indonesia. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  90. ^ "IRAN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  91. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Tehran, Iran. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  92. ^ "IRAQ". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  93. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Tel-Aviv, Israel. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  94. ^ "ISRAEL". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  95. ^ a b c "JAPAN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  96. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Tokyo, Japan. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  97. ^ "Philippine Embassy – Tokyo, Japan | フィリピン 共和国 大使館". Homepage (in English and Japanese). Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  98. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General Osaka, Japan. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  99. ^ "JORDAN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  100. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Amman, Jordan. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  101. ^ "KUWAIT". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  102. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Kuwait, Kuwait. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  103. ^ "LAOS". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  104. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Vientiane, Laos. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  105. ^ "LEBANON". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  106. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Beirut, Lebanon. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  107. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  108. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines - Kuala Lumpur. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  109. ^ "MALAYSIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  110. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Yangon, Myanmar. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  111. ^ "MYANMAR". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 19 September 2024.
  112. ^ "Home". The Official website of the Philippine in Muscat, Oman. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  113. ^ "OMAN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  114. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines, Islamabad, Pakistan. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  115. ^ "PAKISTAN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  116. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Doha, Qatar. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  117. ^ "QATAR". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  118. ^ a b c "About Us". Manila Economic and Cultural Office (in English and Chinese). Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  119. ^ a b "SAUDI ARABIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  120. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  121. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  122. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines in Singapore. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  123. ^ "SINGAPORE". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  124. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Seoul, Korea. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  125. ^ "Home". Official Website of Embassy of the Philippines — South Korea (in English and Korean). Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  126. ^ "KOREA (REPUBLIC OF)". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  127. ^ "SYRIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  128. ^ "THAILAND". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  129. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Bangkok, Thailand. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  130. ^ a b "TURKEY". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  131. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Ankara, Turkey. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  132. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  133. ^ a b "UNITED ARAB EMIRATES". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  134. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  135. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Hanoi, Vietnam. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  136. ^ "VIETNAM". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  137. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Vienna, Austria. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  138. ^ "AUSTRIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  139. ^ "Permanent Missions to the United Nations (Vienna)".
  140. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Brussels, Belgium. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  141. ^ "BELGIUM". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  142. ^ "Home". The Philippine Embassy in Prague, Czech - Velvyslanectví Filipín v České republice (in English and Czech). Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  143. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  144. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Paris, France. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  145. ^ "FRANCE". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  146. ^ a b "GERMANY". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  147. ^ "Home". The Philippine Embassy in Berlin. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  148. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Frankfurt, Germany. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  149. ^ "Home". Consulate General of the Philippines; Frankfurt. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  150. ^ "GREECE". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  151. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Athens, Greece. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  152. ^ "Vatican". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  153. ^ "HUNGARY". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  154. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Budapest, Hungary. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  155. ^ a b "ITALY". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  156. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Rome, Italy. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  157. ^ "Home". The Official Website of Philippine Consulate General in Milan, Italy. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  158. ^ "NETHERLANDS". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  159. ^ "Philippines". 28 February 2023.
  160. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in The Hague, The Netherlands. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  161. ^ "NORWAY". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  162. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines - Oslo, Norway". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  163. ^ "POLAND". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  164. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines - Warsaw, Poland". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  165. ^ "PORTUGAL". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  166. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Lisbon, Portugal. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  167. ^ "RUSSIA". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  168. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines Moscow, Russia. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  169. ^ a b "SPAIN". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  170. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Madrid, Spain. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  171. ^ "Home". Official Philippine Embassy in Madrid. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  172. ^ GOVPH (28 February 2022). "The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General in Barcelona, Spain". Barcelonapcg.dfa.gov.ph. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  173. ^ "SWITZERLAND". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  174. ^ a b "Diplomatic and Consular Corps". Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
  175. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in London, United Kingdom. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  176. ^ a b c "AUSTRALIA". Department of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines. Retrieved 4 September 2024.
  177. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines; Canberra, Australia. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  178. ^ "Philippine Consulate General Melbourne Australia". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  179. ^ "Philippine Consulate General Sydney Australia". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  180. ^ "Home". Embassy of the Philippines; Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  181. ^ "Order of Precedence among Heads of Diplomatic Missions Accredited to New Zealand as at 8 August 2023". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade of New Zealand. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  182. ^ "PAPUA NEW GUINEA". Department of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  183. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Mission to ASEAN in Jakarta, Indonesia. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  184. ^ a b c "PHILIPPINE MISSIONS". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  185. ^ "CA confirms Lagdameo as UN rep, Romualdez as ambassador to US". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  186. ^ "Ambassador Lagdameo presents credentials as the Permanent Representative of the Republic of the Philippines to the International Seabed Authority". 24 July 2023. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  187. ^ "Home". The Official Website of the Philippine Mission to the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  188. ^ https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Manual-on-PCC-Chapter-8.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  189. ^ a b c d Slomanson, William R. (2011). "Fundamental Perspectives on International Law; Sixth Edition". epdf.pub. p. 87. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022. Retrieved 30 April 2022. In 1993, the Philippines announced that it would close its consulates in a number of US cities. It also closed its embassies in Cuba, Jordan, Micronesia, Morocco, Peru, Poland, Romania, Senegal, and Sri Lanka.
  190. ^ a b c d "Administrative Order No. 498, s. 1985". Presidential Communications Operations Office of the Philippines. 25 June 1985. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  191. ^ "Senate Resolution 8683" (PDF). Washington State Legislature. 18 April 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  192. ^ Ragos-Espinas, M. (1997). "Philippine-Vietnam relations: A Preliminary Study" (PDF). Asian Studies. 33: 57–68. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
  193. ^ "Bilateral Relations". The Official Website of the Philippine Embassy in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  194. ^ "New RP consulate general opens in Frankfurt". GMA News Online. 4 March 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  195. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of the Philippines – Embassy conducts successful Consular Outreach Program in Hamburg". Philippine-embassy.de. 13 December 2010. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  196. ^ "PH the only Southeast Asian country with declining literacy". The Manila Times. 27 February 2021.
  197. ^ "Philippines downgrades relations with Yugoslavia". UPI. 19 August 1992. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
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