Jump to content

Pulau River

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Eilanden River)

Pulau River
Eilandenrivier
Pulau River is located in South Papua
Pulau River
Location of river mouth
Native name
Location
CountryIndonesia
ProvinceSouth Papua
RegencyAsmat
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationJayawijaya Mountains, Highland Papua, Indonesia
 • coordinates4°38′11.688″S 140°7′47.208″E / 4.63658000°S 140.12978000°E / -4.63658000; 140.12978000
 • elevation4,000 m (13,000 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Arafura Sea
 • coordinates
5°48′44.4204″S 138°9′40.2444″E / 5.812339000°S 138.161179000°E / -5.812339000; 138.161179000
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length674 km (419 mi)[1]
Basin size37,164 km2 (14,349 sq mi)[1]
Discharge 
 • locationEilanden Delta
 • average3,133 m3/s (110,600 cu ft/s)[1]
Basin features
ProgressionArafura Sea
River systemEilanden River
Tributaries 
 • leftWildeman, Kampung, Doyusi
 • rightWeehuizen, Kolff, Brazza, Baliem, Urumbuwe

The Pulau River (Indonesian: Sungai Pulau, Dutch: Eilandenrivier) is a major river in South Papua province of Indonesia, with a total length of 674 km (419 mi).[2]

Name

[edit]

It was previously known as the Eilanden River based on Dutch colonial expedition maps,[3] and was still shown with this name on some government maps in the 2010s.[4][5]

Geography

[edit]

The Pulau River has its source in the Jayawijaya Mountains near Puncak Mandala, around 4,000 m (13,000 ft) in elevation. It flows south out of the mountains, and then follows a south-southwesterly course to the Arafura Sea on the Casuarina Coast.[3] Important tributaries include the Baliem (formerly Vriendschaps), Wildeman, Kampung and Brazza.

Hydrology

[edit]

The river flows in the southern area of Western New Guinea with predominantly a tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).[6] The annual average temperature in the area is 22 °C (72 °F). The warmest month is January, when the average temperature is around 24 °C (75 °F), and the coldest is June, at 20 °C (68 °F).[7] The average annual rainfall is 3,997–5,547 mm (157.4–218.4 in).[1] The wettest month is May, with an average of 594 mm (23.4 in) rainfall, and the driest is July, with 384 mm (15.1 in) rainfall.[8]

Discharge

[edit]
Eilanden River discharge
Period Average discharge Ref.
Eilanden Delta

5°48′44.4204″S 138°9′40.2444″E / 5.812339000°S 138.161179000°E / -5.812339000; 138.161179000

Eilanden with Lorentz at the Delta
3,783.1 m3/s (133,600 cu ft/s)* [9]
2002–2011 3,513 m3/s (124,100 cu ft/s) [1]
2002–2018 107.72197 km3/a (3,413.503 m3/s) [10]
Eilanden at the delta
2015–2019 2,084 m3/s (73,600 cu ft/s) [11]
2003–2015 80.4 km3/a (2,550 m3/s) [12]
2002–2011 3,133 m3/s (110,600 cu ft/s) [1]

*Monthly flow (Q) m3/s:

Month Q
JAN 3,294.5
FEB 3,812.8
MAR 3,816.3
APR 3,990.7
MAY 4,380.8
JUN 3,816
JUL 3,022.4
AUG 2,811.9
SEP 3,624
OCT 4,176.9
NOV 4,505.6
DEC 4,144.7
Avg. 3,783.1

[9]

Tributaries

[edit]
Left tributary Right

tributary

Length (km) Basin size (km2) Average discharge (m3/s)
Eilanden (Pulau) 674 37,164 3,133
Urumbuwe 240 2,690.5 294.6
Doyusi 200 1,208.4 165.3
Kampung 290 2,133 264.1
Baliem (Vriends-chaps) 414.2 12,974.1 791.3
Wildeman 330 3,412 327.1
Brazza 270 2,113.8 120.6
Kolff 2,755.9 199.1
Weehuizen (Boven Digoel) 110 577.6 68.9

[13]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f van Beek, E.; Bons, K.; Brinkman, J. (2013). "Final report Einlanden-Digul-Bikuma basin IWRM case study".
  2. ^ Sungai Eilanden – Geonames.org.
  3. ^ a b "1916 Netherlands New Guinea Map". G. Kolff & Co.
  4. ^ "Peta Struktur Ruang". Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  5. ^ DIREKTORAT JENDERAL BINA USAHA KEHUTANAN KEMENTERIAN KEHUTANAN
  6. ^ Peel, M C; Finlayson, B L; McMahon, T A (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 11 (5): 1633–1644. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007.
  7. ^ "NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index". NASA. 30 January 2016.
  8. ^ "NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month – TRMM)". NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission. 30 January 2016.
  9. ^ a b Firmansyah, Rendy. "Grafik Neraca Air Pulau Papua".
  10. ^ Prof. Dr. Ir., San Afri Awang; Sasmita, Nugroho; Dr., Julijanti; Isluyandari, Woelan Yanuartanti (2019). 2018 BUKU 1-KAJIAN PENGANYAN PEMBANGUNAN PULAU PAPUA (PDF).
  11. ^ PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR WILAYAH SUNGAI EINLANDEN-DIGUL-BIKUMA (PDF). 2021.
  12. ^ Radhika, Radhika; Firmansyah, Rendy; Hatmoko, Waluyo (November 2017). "Computation of surface water availability in Indonesia based on satellite data". Jurnal Sumber Daya Air. 13 (2): 115–130. doi:10.32679/jsda.v13i2.206.
  13. ^ "Papua New Guinea".