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Edith Wilson Miles
Born
Edith Margaret Wilson
Alma materUniversity of California, Berkeley
Scientific career
ThesisThe bacterial metabolism of [alpha-methylserine and hydroxymethylserine] (1962)

Edith Wilson Miles (born Edith Margaret Wilson) is a biochemist known for her work on the structure and function of enzymes, especially her work on tryptophan synthase.

Education and career

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Miles received her B.A. from the University of Texas at Austin in 1957, and then moved to the University of California, Berkeley where she earned a Ph.D. in 1962[1] working in Esmond Emerson Snell's lab with Jesse Rabinowitz and Edward Adelberg as her advisors.[2][3] With funding from the American Cancer Society, she moved to the University of Leicester as a postdoctoral researcher with Hans Kornberg. From 1964 until 1966, she was a postdoctoral investigator at Tufts University working with Alton Meister, and then she accepted an independent position at the National Institutes of Health. In 2000 she became a Scientist Emeritus.[1]

Research

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Wilson's graduate research characterized an enzyme that required pyridoxal phosphate and tetrahydrofolate to convert α-methylserine to alanine and formaldehyde.[4][5] Her subsequent work examined the glyoxylate cycle in bacterial cells and led to further investigation of enzymes that require pyridoxal phosphate.[6] Upon her move to the National Institutes of Health, she began to focus on tryptophan synthase,[7][8][9] first by establishing the mechanism of the enzyme[10] which would later allow her to investigate interactions between the subunits of the enzyme.[1] Wilson went on to use x-ray crystallography to obtain the structure of the enzyme,[11][12] and used mutant forms of Salmonella typhimurium to identify the significant components of the enzyme.[1] She also showed that α2β2 complex of tryptophan synthase could unfold in the presence of guanine hydrochloride,[13] details about protein folding and shape that became relevant in later research about barrel-shaped proteins.[14][15]

Selected publications

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  • Wilson, EM; Kornberg, HL (September 1, 1963). "PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE l-ASPARTATE 4-CARBOXY-LYASE FROM ACHROMOBACTER SP". Biochemical Journal. 88 (3): 578–587. doi:10.1042/bj0880578. ISSN 0006-2936. PMC 1202217. PMID 14071532.
  • Hyde, C C; Ahmed, S A; Padlan, E A; Miles, E W; Davies, D R (1988). "Three-dimensional structure of the tryptophan synthase alpha 2 beta 2 multienzyme complex from Salmonella typhimurium". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (33): 17857–17871. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)77913-7. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 3053720.
  • Miles, Edith Wilson (1991). "Structural basis for catalysis by tryptophan synthase". Advances in enzymology : and related areas of molecular biology. Vol.64. Vol. 64. New York; Chichester: Wiley. pp. 93–172. ISBN 978-0-471-50949-3.
  • Miles, Edith Wilson; Rhee, Sangkee; Davies, David R. (1999). "The Molecular Basis of Substrate Channeling". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (18): 12193–12196. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.18.12193. PMID 10212181.
  • Miles, Edith Wilson (April 5, 2013). "The Tryptophan Synthase α2β2 Complex: A Model for Substrate Channeling, Allosteric Communication, and Pyridoxal Phosphate Catalysis". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 288 (14): 10084–10091. doi:10.1074/jbc.X113.463331. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 3617248. PMID 23426371.

Awards and honors

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While at the University of Texas at Austin, Miles (then known as Edith Margaret Wilson) was inducted into Alpha Lambda Delta,[16][17] an honor society that recognizes achievement of first year university students and for which she later served as secretary.[18] In her senior year, 1957, she was elected to Phi Beta Kappa[19]: 170 and was a member of Mortar Board.[19]: 189  In 1994, Miles received the Hillebrand Award, named for William Francis Hillebrand, from the Chemical Society of Washington, a section of the American Chemical Society.[20]

Personal life

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Her husband, H. Todd Miles, also worked at the National Institutes of Health and became Scientist Emeritus in 2000.[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Miles, Edith Wilson (April 5, 2013). "The Tryptophan Synthase α2β2 Complex: A Model for Substrate Channeling, Allosteric Communication, and Pyridoxal Phosphate Catalysis". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 288 (14): 10084–10091. doi:10.1074/jbc.X113.463331. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 3617248. PMID 23426371.
  2. ^ Snell, Esmond E. (1993). "FROM BACTERIAL NUTRITION TO ENZYME STRUCTURE: A Personal Odyssey". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 62 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.62.070193.000245. ISSN 0066-4154. PMID 8352584.
  3. ^ Miles, Edith Wilson; Metzler, David E. (November 1, 2004). "Esmond Emerson Snell (1914–2003)". The Journal of Nutrition. 134 (11): 2907–2910. doi:10.1093/jn/134.11.2907. ISSN 0022-3166. PMID 15514250.
  4. ^ Wilson, Edith M.; Snell, Esmond E. (1962). "Metabolism of α-Methylserine". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 237 (10): 3171–3179. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50139-3. ISSN 0021-9258.
  5. ^ Wilson, Edith M.; Snell, Esmond E. (1962). "Metabolism of α-Methylserine". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 237 (10): 3180–3184. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50140-x. ISSN 0021-9258.
  6. ^ WILSON, EM; KORNBERG, HL (September 1, 1963). "PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE l-ASPARTATE 4-CARBOXY-LYASE FROM ACHROMOBACTER SP". Biochemical Journal. 88 (3): 578–587. doi:10.1042/bj0880578. ISSN 0006-2936. PMC 1202217. PMID 14071532.
  7. ^ Miles, Edith Wilson (1991). "Structural basis for catalysis by tryptophan synthase". Advances in enzymology : and related areas of molecular biology. Vol.64. Vol. 64. NewYork; Chichester: Wiley. pp. 93–172. ISBN 978-0-471-50949-3.
  8. ^ Miles, Edith Wilson (1991). "Tryptophan synthase: structure, function, and subunit interaction". Advances in enzymology : and related areas of molecular biology. Vol.64. Vol. 49. NewYork; Chichester: Wiley. pp. 127–. ISBN 978-0-471-50949-3.
  9. ^ "Chapter 8 Tryptophan synthase structure, function, and protein engineering". Subcellular biochemistry. Vol.24, Proteins: structure, function and engineering. New York; London: Plenum. 1995. pp. 207–254. ISBN 978-0-306-44846-1.
  10. ^ Miles, Edith Wilson.; Hatanaka, M.; Crawford, I. P. (August 1, 1968). "A new thiol-dependent transamination reaction catalyzed by the B protein of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthetase". Biochemistry. 7 (8): 2742–2753. doi:10.1021/bi00848a008. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 4877071.
  11. ^ Ahmed, S A; Miles, E W; Davies, D R (1985). "Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic data of the tryptophan synthase alpha 2 beta 2 complex from Salmonella typhimurium". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 260 (6): 3716–3718. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)83682-7. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 3882715.
  12. ^ Hyde, C C; Ahmed, S A; Padlan, E A; Miles, E W; Davies, D R (1988). "Three-dimensional structure of the tryptophan synthase alpha 2 beta 2 multienzyme complex from Salmonella typhimurium". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (33): 17857–17871. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)77913-7. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 3053720.
  13. ^ Miles, Edith Wilson; Yutani, Katsuhide; Ogasahara, Kyoko (May 25, 1982). "Guanidine hydrochloride-induced unfolding of the .alpha. subunit of tryptophan synthase and of the two .alpha. proteolytic fragments: evidence for stepwise unfolding of the two .alpha. domains". Biochemistry. 21 (11): 2586–2592. doi:10.1021/bi00540a002. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 7046790.
  14. ^ Miles, Edith Wilson; Davies, David R. (2000). "On the Ancestry of Barrels". Science. 289 (5484): 1490. doi:10.1126/science.289.5484.1490. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 3077778. PMID 10991737. S2CID 82637907.
  15. ^ "Protein Clipping in Lab and Cell". Science News. 113 (17): 279–280. 1978. doi:10.2307/3962872. ISSN 0036-8423. JSTOR 3962872.
  16. ^ "Alpha Lambda Delta - Honorary scholastic fraternity for freshman". University of Texas at Austin. Archived from the original on January 9, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  17. ^ University Of Texas At Austin (1955). Cactus Yearbook, 1955. University of Texas at Austin. p. 283. doi:10.15781/T2ZG6GP6H.
  18. ^ University Of Texas At Austin (1956). Cactus Yearbook, 1956. University of Texas at Austin. p. 167. doi:10.15781/T23776B01.
  19. ^ a b University Of Texas At Austin (1957). Cactus Yearbook, 1957. University of Texas at Austin. p. 167. doi:10.15781/T23776B01. hdl:2152/61517.
  20. ^ "Past Awardees of the CSW Hillebrand Award" (PDF). The Capital Chemist. Vol. 59, no. 6. 2009 [August/September 2009]. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
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