Turnpike trusts in North East England

This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in the north east of England.

Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations – turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network. The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.

The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the north east of England: County Durham and Northumberland.

County Durham

Trust	Founded	Initial act
		Citation	Title
Berwick and North Durham Turnpike Trust
Bishopswearmouth and Norton Turnpike Trust	1789	29 Geo. 3. c. 81	An Act for altering, raising, widening, repairing, and preserving the Road leading from the Town of Bishop Wearmouth, near Sunderland, in the County of Durham, to the Town of Norton, near Stockton, in the said County.
Boroughbridge and Durham Turnpike Trust	1744	18 Geo. 2. c. 8	An Act for repairing the High Road leading from Boroughbridge, in the County of York, through North-Allerton, in the same County, to Croft Bridge, on the River Tees, and from thence through Darlington, in the County of Durham, to the City of Durham.
Bowes and Sunderland Bridge Turnpike Trust	1747	21 Geo. 2. c. 5	An Act for repairing the High Road from the Town of Bowes, in the County of York, to Barnard Castle, in the County of Durham, and from thence, through Staindrop, to Newgate, in Bishop Aukland, and from Newgate, along Gibb Chair, to Gaundless Bridge, and from thence, by Melderston Gill, otherwise Coundon Gill, to the Turnpike Road near Sunderland Bridge, in the County of Durham.
Catterick Bridge to Durham Turnpike Trust	1746	20 Geo. 2. c. 28	An Act for repairing the Road leading from Catherick Bridge, in the County of York, to Yarm, in the said County, and from thence to Stockton, in the County of Durham, and from thence, through Sedgefield, in the said County of Durham, to the City of Durham.
Cockerton Bridge and Staindrop Turnpike Trust
Cows Hill to Calton Turnpike Trust
Darlington and West Auckland Turnpike Trust	1750	24 Geo. 2. c. 30	An Act for repairing the High Roads leading from Darlington, in the County of Durham, to West Auckland, and several other Roads in the said County, therein mentioned.
Darlington or Angel Inn and Barton Lane End Turnpike Trust
Darlington to Middleton Tyas Turnpike Trust	1831	1 & 2 Will. 4. c. xiii
Derwent and Shotley Bridge Turnpike Trust	1833	3 & 4 Will. 4. c. lxxix
Durham and Shotley Bridge Turnpike Trust	1810	50 Geo. 3. c. iii
Durham and Sunderland Turnpike Trust
Durham and Tyne Bridge Turnpike Trust	1746	20 Geo. 2. c. 12	An Act for repairing the High Road leading from the City of Durham in the County of Durham, to Tyne Bridge, in the said County.
Edmondbyers Turnpike Trust	1815	55 Geo. 3. c. x
Eggleston Coal Road Turnpike Trust	1792	32 Geo. 3. c. 127	An Act for amending, widening, and keeping in Repair the Road leading from the Hoodgate, at the West End of the Town of Middleton, in Teesdale, in the County of Durham, to the Gate in the new Enclosure called The Edge, near the Collieries called West Pitts, in the Parish of Saint Andrew's Auckland, in the same County, and also a Branch from the said Road, at or near the Head of the Town of Egleston to Egleston Bridge, over the River Tees.
Gateshead and Hexham Turnpike Trust	1777	17 Geo. 3. c. 110	An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Gateshead, in the County of Durham, to the Church Lane near Ryton Lane-head; and from the Bar Moor to the Hexham Turnpike Road, near Dilston Bar, in the County of Northumberland; and also the Road from Mickley Bank to Lead-hill or Silverhill; and for making a Road cross certain Grounds belonging to Crozier Surtees Esquire, in the Parish of Ryton, in the County, of Durham.
Lobley Hill and Branches Turnpike Trust	1793	33 Geo. 3. c. 148	An Act for repairing, widening, and altering the Road from the Turnpike Road between Gateshead and Hexham, near Lobley Hill, in the Parish of Whickham, in the County of Durham, to Burtry Ford, in the Parish of Stanhope, in the same County, and a Branch from the said Road, near Bryan's Leap, in the County of Durham, to the Corbridge Turnpike Road near Blackhedley, in the County of Northumberland; and another Branch from the said Road at Wolsingham, in the County of Durham, to Crosgate, near the City of Durham.
Middleton to Staindrop Turnpike Trust
Ovingham to Bywell Turnpike Trust	1777	17 Geo. 3. c. 110	An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Gateshead, in the County of Durham, to the Church Lane near Ryton Lane-head; and from the Bar Moor to the Hexham Turnpike Road, near Dilston Bar, in the County of Northumberland; and also the Road from Mickley Bank to Lead-hill or Silverhill; and for making a Road cross certain Grounds belonging to Crozier Surtees Esquire, in the Parish of Ryton, in the County, of Durham.
Piercebridge to Kirkmellington Turnpike Trust	1747	21 Geo. 2. c. 27	An Act for repairing the High Road from Peirs Bridge, to Kirkmerrington, in the County of Durham, and from thence to the Turnpike Road at Tudhoe Lane End, in the said County.
South Shields Turnpike Trust	1826	7 Geo. 4. c. xvii
Stanhope to Shotley Turnpike Trust
Stockton and Barnard Castle Turnpike Trust	1746	20 Geo. 2. c. 25	An Act for repairing the High Road leading from the Town of Stockton upon Tees to Darlington, and from thence, through Winston, to Barnard Castle, in the same County.
Wearmouth Bridge and Tyne Bridge and Branches Turnpike Trust	1796	36 Geo. 3. c. 136	An act for making and maintaining a convenient carriage road from Wearmouth Bridge to Tyne Bridge, with a branch from the said road to the town of South Shields, all in the county of Durham.
West Auckland Turnpike Trust	1792	32 Geo. 3. c. 113	An Act for altering, raising, widening, repairing and preserving the Road leading from the North End of the Turnpike Road called The Coal Road, near West Auckland, in the County of Durham, to the Elsdon Turnpike Road at or near Elishaw, in the County of Northumberland; and for erecting, building, and making necessary and convenient Bridges, Mounts, and Batteries upon the same.
Whickham to Stanhope Turnpike Trust
Winlaton to Shotley Bridge Turnpike Trust

Northumberland

Trust	Founded	Initial act
		Citation	Title
Allendale Turnpike Trust	1826	7 Geo. 4. c. lxxiv
Alnmouth and Hexham Turnpike Trust	1751	25 Geo. 2. c. 46	An Act for repairing and widening the Road from Alemouth through the Town of Alnwick, to Rothbury, and from thence to the Town of Hexham, and also the Road leading out of the aforesaid Road, between Alnwick and Rothbury, to Jockey's Dike Bridge, in the County of Northumberland.
Alnwick to Eddlingham Turnpike Trust	1826	7 Geo. 4. c. lxxv
Bartry Ford to Burnstones Turnpike Trust	1794	34 Geo. 3. c. 125	An act for altering, repairing, and widening the road, from Burtry Ford, in the county of Durham, to Alston, in the county of Cumberland, and from Alston aforesaid, by the dyke, to Burnstones, in the county of Northumberland.
Belford to Ford Bridge Turnpike Trust
Cow-causey and Buckton-Burn Turnpike Trust	1746	20 Geo. 2. c. 9	An Act for repairing the High Road leading from the North End of The Cow Cawsey, near the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne, to the Town of Belford, and from thence to Buckton Burn, in the County of Northumberland.
Deanburn Bridge, Berwick, Cornhill Turnpike Trust
Elsdon and Rudwater Turnpike Trust
Ford, Lowick and Redscar Turnpike Trust
Hexham Turnpike Trust (Glenwilt to Shildon Common Turnpike Trust)	1751	25 Geo. 2. c. 48	An Act for repairing and widening the Road leading from a Part of the Road directed to be repaired by an Act passed in the last Session of Parliament, from Carlisle to Newcastle upon Tyne, near Glenwelt, to another Part of the Road so making from Carlisle to Newcastle, upon Shildon Common, in the County of Northumberland.
Hexham to Alston Turnpike Trust	1778	18 Geo. 3. c. 116	An Act for altering, repairing and widening, the Road from Summer Rods Bar, near the Town of Hexham, in the County of Northumberland, to the Town of Alston, in the County of Cumberland.
Kelso to Cornhill Turnpike Trust	1793	33 Geo. 3. c. 185	An Act for repairing and widening that Part of the Road leading from Kelso towards the Town of Selkirk, which lies to the Eastward of the Turnpike Road leading from Jedburgh to Lauder, which crosses the River Tiviot, near the Town of Kelso, and the Road leading from Kelso towards Coldstream, to the Place where it joins the Turnpike Road leading from Greenlaw to Coldstream, and from Kelso through Ednam, to Orange Lane, in the Parish of Eccles, in the County of Berwick, and from the Ford at Newton Mill, through Ednam to Edenfoot, and from Kelso to Cornhill, in the County of Durham.
Newcastle upon Tyne to Carlisle Turnpike Trust	1750	24 Geo. 2. c. 25	An Act for laying out, making, and keeping in Repair, a Road proper for the Passage of Troops and Carriages, from the City of Carlisle, to the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Newcastle upon Tyne to River Wanspeck Turnpike Trust
North Shields and Newcastle upon Tyne Turnpike Trust	1749	22 Geo. 2. c. 9	An Act for repairing the Road from North Shields, in the County of Northumberland, to the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Percy's Cross to Millfield Turnpike Trust	1807	47 Geo. 3 Sess. 2. c. xiii
Ponteland Turnpike Trust	1748	22 Geo. 2. c. 7	An Act for repairing the Road from The West Cowgate, near the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne, through the West End of Kenton, Pont Eland, Higham Dykes, Newham Edge, Belsay Mill, and South Middleton, to the North Side of the River Wanspeck, in the County of Northumberland.
Shields and Morpeth Turnpike Trust	1814	54 Geo. 3. c. xxix
Wooler and Adderstone Turnpike Trust	1825	6 Geo. 4. c. xxviii
Wooler and Beamish Turnpike Trust	1751	25 Geo. 2. c. 18	An Act for repairing the Road leading from Long Horsley Bar, or Gate, on the Post Road near the Town of Morpeth, by or through Long Horsley, Weldon Bridge, and Whittingham, to the River Breamish, and from thence to Piercy's Cross, in the County of Northumberland.

References

• Rosevear, Alan. "List of English Turnpike Trusts". Turnpike Roads in England & Wales.
• "Durham Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
• "Northumberland Turnpikes". Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts.
• Albert, William (2007). The Turnpike Road System in England: 1663-1840. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521033916.