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Teen Wolf
Original logo of the franchise, as released in 1985.
Based onTeen Wolf
by Jeph Loeb & Matthew Weisman
Release date
1985–present
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$9.5 million (3 films)
Box office$41 million (3 films)

The Teen Wolf franchise consists of American supernatural-teen drama installments released through various media including: two theatrical films and an animated television series based on the movies; a live-action reboot show, its streaming exclusive movie continuation, and a spin-off series which follows the ending of the film. Based on an original story by Jeph Loeb and Matthew Weisman, the plot of each release centers around adolescent individuals who are not a part of the popular crowd amongst their peers, whose lives change once they become werewolves allowing them to gain superhuman abilities through supernatural means. The franchise additionally includes a 1989 standalone spin-off film that was initially released in theaters which centers around a teenage witch, as well as its stage musical adaptation.

The franchise has been met with mixed reception critically.[1][2][3][4][5][6] The 1985 original movie was met with a muddled critical acknowledgement with mixed praise upon release,[7] while conversely its sequel received mostly negative response.[8] Despite this, both films turned a profit at the box office for the studio.[9][10] The 1989 standalone spin-off movie was a critical and financial failure upon release, though subsequent re-releases as well as television airings have accumulated a strong fanbase,[11] with the film earning its status as a cult classic by modern analysis.[12] The animated series was produced by one of Hanna-Barbera's animation studios and received warm reception from viewers, which lead to a second season being greenlit and developed to include the lead characters of the original movies meeting on screen.[13] The reimagied dark and gritty live-action reboot television series received positive reception from critics and audiences alike,[5] allowing the network to renew the show for six seasons.[14] The 2023 revival streaming film which continued the story from the series was also met with mixed reception from critics who ranged from praising its use of fan service,[15][16] to critiquing its delivery.[17]

Films

[edit]
Film U.S.
release date 		Director Screenwriter(s) Story by Producers
Teen Wolf August 23, 1985 (1985-08-23) Rod Daniel Jeph Loeb & Matthew Weisman Thomas Coleman, Mark Levinson, George W. Perkins, Michael Rosenblatt and Scott M. Rosenfelt
Teen Wolf Too November 20, 1987 (1987-11-20) Christopher Leitch R. Timothy Kring Joseph Loeb III & Matthew Weisman Kent Bateman
Teen Wolf: The Movie January 26, 2023 (2023-01-26) Russell Mulcahy Jeff Davis Jeff Davis, Tyler Hoechlin, Tyler Posey, Mike Elliott and Blaine Williams

Teen Wolf (1985)

[edit]
Main article: Teen Wolf

Scott Howard, a socially awkward but smart high school student, struggles to fit in with his peers. Though he is successful in his education, he has a hard time fitting in. After some unusual changes in his physique cause him to question his reality, his entire life changes when his father Harold tells him that he is experiencing lyncanthropy due to a family curse. Scott resolves to use his newfound strength and agility to his advantage, by joining the school basketball team. He quickly becomes a valuable player and an all-star athlete on the team, gaining the affection of his long-time romantic interest Pamela Wells. Just as their romance begins to thrive and he begins find the attention of his classmates that he's always wanted, he begins to question their sincerity. As Scott wonders when he can begin to understand himself, he must decide whether his popularity or his secret true-self is most important.[18][7]

Teen Wolf Too (1987)

[edit]
Main article: Teen Wolf Too

Todd Howard is unpopular and uncoordinated, but like his cousin Scott he is exceptionally advanced and adept in his studies. When he discovers that he too has the hereditary nature of a lycan, his life changes and he begins to realize the social acceptance and praise he has always wanted. With his increased physical strength, Todd quickly becomes an athletic star boxing contender. Following some outstanding physical feats during some fight matches, he receives a college scholarship on the condition that he wins an upcoming boxing championship. Alongside the fame and recognition, Todd acquires the attention of the university's attractive women as well. Despite this, he begins to wonder if the cost of stardom is really what he truly desires in his life.[8][19][20]

Teen Wolf: The Movie (2023)

[edit]
Main article: Teen Wolf: The Movie

Following the events of the television series, Scott McCall who was once an adolescent alpha werewolf among his pack, must rise to the occasion and overcome all odds when a new wicked threat gains power. Beacon Hill is no longer safe to its residents, as the enemy begins to build a team of returning horrific shapeshifting creatures; an army including banshees, werecoyotes, hellhounds, and kitsunes, among others. Once again serving as a leader, Scott races to find a way to defeat the most powerful growing evil he has ever encountered, with the help of old friends and a group of new allies to aid him in his battle.[15][21][22][23][17][24][16]

Potential future

[edit]

In January 2023, Davis stated that he was open to developing future projects but that their realizing depends on the reception of Teen Wolf: The Movie.[25] He stated that the future of the franchise would center around the son of the character Derek Hale, named Eli (portrayed by Vince Mattis);[26] while announcing that discussions for sequel films, as well as additional television shows have been discussed. The filmmaker stated that the associated studios look to Teen Wolf as a significant source for franchise expansion, attributing the resurgence of popularity to streaming media. He expressed interest in featuring additional characters from the series that didn't appear in the film, while again stating that Eli Hale is intended to be the "new teen wolf".[27][28] The same month Tyler Posey and Crystal Reed expressed excitement for reprising their starring roles again, with interest in exploring the adult experiences of the characters in the future. Davis additionally stated that he is interested in overseeing future installments being developed by other writers developing future installments, with him overseeing the franchise in a shepherding role instead.[29]

Television

[edit]
Series Season(s) Episode(s) Originally released Showrunner Executive producer(s) Status
First released Last released Network
Teen Wolf: The Animated Series 2 21 September 13, 1986 (1986-09-13) November 7, 1987 (1987-11-07) CBS David Kent Jonathan Dana, Buzz Potamkin Ended
Teen Wolf 6 100 June 26, 2011 (2011-06-26) September 24, 2017 (2017-09-24) MTV Jeff Davis Jeff Davis, Marty Adelstein, René Echevarria, Michael Thorn, Tony DiSanto, Liz Gateley, Russell Mulcahy, Joseph P. Genier, Tim Andrew, Karen Gorodetzky Ended

Teen Wolf: The Animated Series (1986–1987)

[edit]
Main article: Teen Wolf (1986 TV series)

Scott Howard, is an upstanding and well-behaved young man who deals with a frightening situation that includes a family secret. Due to a curse upon his progenitors, his entire family consists of werewolves, and hide their true nature while in public. Through the difficulties of adolescence Scott confides in his closest friends, and trusts that they will help him in any unexpecting event that he begins to transform and "wolf out" in the presence of others.[30][13][31]

Teen Wolf (2011–2017)

[edit]
Main article: Teen Wolf (2011 TV series)

Developed as a reboot of the franchise, Teen Wolf was produced by MTV and debuted in 2011. Created, written, and helmed by Jeff Davis, the series plot centered around a high school student named Scott McCall who is lacking in status amongst his contemporaries. He lives in the fictional city of Beacon Hills in California with his mother, and seeks for ways to thrive amongst his class. One night his life is completely changed after receiving a bite from an alpha werewolf. Gaining superhuman abilities and supernatural gifts, McCall starts to gain the attention he always wanted of those around him including his love interest named Allison Argent. Unfortunately for him, she is the daughter in a family of werewolf hunters. With the help of his best friend Stiles, Scott uses his wolf-form to protect his hometown from the evil creatures and entities that are drawn to it. As they combat the hoard of spooky assailants, they form a group of friends to aid them in defending their city; including a banshee named Lydia, a natural born werewolf named Derek, a werecoyote named Malia, a kitsune named Kira, and a younger werewolf named Liam. All the while Scott fights to protect his family, his friends, and the citizens of his town.[32][33]

Digital series

[edit]
Series Season(s) Episode(s) Originally released Showrunner Executive producer
First released Last released Network
Teen Wolf: Search for a Cure 1 6 June 29, 2011 (2011-06-29) July 25, 2011 (2011-07-25) AT&T,
MTV.com 		Jeff Davis

A short-form digital series titled, Teen Wolf: Search for a Cure was released in 2011. The series was written and helmed by Jeff Davis, and stars Tyler Posey and Dylan O'Brien reprising their respective roles from the Teen Wolf series. The plot runs simultaneously with the first season of the television series, and centers around best friends Scott McCall and Stiles Stilinski, and their search for a cure to the curse of the werewolf bite that has changed McCall. The search brings the pair in contact with Dr. Conrad Fenris. The digi-series was a joint-venture production between MEC Entertainment, Generate Studios, AT&T, and MTV; while distribution was handled in collaboration by AT&T's social media page, as well as MTV's official website.[34][35]

Recurring cast and characters

[edit]
List indicators

This section includes characters who will appear or have appeared in more than two films in the series.

  • An empty, dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film, or that the character's official presence has not yet been confirmed.
  •  V indicates a voice-only role.
  •  Y indicates a younger version of the character.
Character Film Television Digital
Teen Wolf
(1985) 		Teen Wolf Too Teen Wolf: The Movie Teen Wolf:
The Animated Series 		Teen Wolf
(2011–2017) 		Teen Wolf:
Search for a Cure
Scott Howard Michael J. Fox   Townsend ColemanV
Di Rudder[a] 		 
Harold Howard James Hampton   James HamptonV  
Todd Howard   Jason Bateman   Christopher Barzman[36]  
Lupe Howard   Sherry LynnV  
Grandpa Howard   Stacy Keach Sr.V  
Grandma Howard   June ForayV  
Rupert "Stiles" Stilinski Jerry Levine Stuart Fratkin   Donald MostV  
Chubby Mark Holton   Mark HoltonV  
Lisa "Boof" Marconi Susan Ursitti   Jeannie EliasV  
Robert "Bobby" Finstock Jay Tarses Paul Sand  
Pamela Wells Lorie Griffin   Ellen GerstellV  
Mick McAllister Mark Arnold   Craig ShefferV  
Scott McCall   Tyler Posey   Tyler Posey
Allison Argent   Crystal Reed   Crystal Reed  
Stiles Stilinski   Dylan O'Brien   Dylan O'Brien
Derek Hale   Tyler Hoechlin   Tyler Hoechlin  
Lydia Martin   Holland Roden   Holland Roden  
Jackson Whittemore   Colton Haynes   Colton Haynes  
Malia Tate   Shelley Hennig   Shelley Hennig  
Liam Dunbar   Dylan Sprayberry   Dylan Sprayberry  
Noah Stilinsk   Linden Ashby   Linden Ashby  
Melissa McCall   Melissa Ponzio   Melissa Ponzio  
Chris Argent   JR Bourne   JR Bourne  

Additional crew and production details

[edit]
Film Crew/Detail
Composer(s) Cinematographer(s) Editor(s) Production
companies 		Distributing
company 		Running time
Teen Wolf Miles Goodman Tim Suhrstedt Lois Freeman-Fox Atlantic Releasing Corporation,
Wolfkill Productions 		Atlantic Entertainment 92 mins
Teen Wolf
(The Animated Series) 		Richard Kosinski, Wells Christie, James Donnellan, David Kitay, John Lewis Parker, and Sam Winans Production manager:
Wayne Dearing
Creative director:
Chris Cuddington 		Robert Ciaglia, Judith Burke, and Dennis Phillips Southern Star Productions,
Hanna-Barbera Australia,
Clubhouse Pictures,
Atlantic Entertainment Group,
The Kushner-Locke Company 		Columbia Broadcasting System,
MGM Television 		10 hrs 30 mins
(30 minute episodes)
Teen Wolf Too Mark Goldenberg Jules Brenner Raja Gosnell, Steven Polivka,
Harvey Rosenstock & Kim Secrist 		Atlantic Entertainment Group Atlantic Entertainment 94 mins
Teen Wolf
(TV series) 		Dino Meneghin Jonathan Hall, Rich Paisley, and David Daniel Gabriel Flemming, Alyssa Clark, Gregory Cusumano,
Edward R. Abroms, David Daniel, Kim Powell, and Kevin Mock 		MGM Television,
MTV Production Development,
Adelstein Productions,
DiGa Vision,
First Cause Inc.,
Lost Marbles Television,
Siesta Productions 		MGM Domestic Television Distribution,
MTV 		66 hrs 40 mins
(40 minute episodes)
Teen Wolf:
Search for a Cure 		Jeff Davis AT&T,
MTV Entertainment Studios,
MEC Entertainment,
Generate Studios 		AT&T,
MTV.com 		18 mins
(3 minute episodes)
Teen Wolf:
The Movie 		David Daniel Edward R. Abroms & Gregory Cusumano MTV Entertainment Studios,
MGM Television,
Orion Television,
First Cause Inc.,
Capital Arts Entertainment,
Paramount+ Original Films 		Paramount+ 2 hrs 20 mins

Reception

[edit]
For more details on the reception of each film, see the "Reception" section on each film's article.

Box office and financial performance

[edit]
Film Box office gross Box office ranking Video
sales gross 		Worldwide total
gross income 		Budget Worldwide total
net income 		Ref.
North America Other territories All time
North America 		All time
worldwide 		North America
Teen Wolf $33,086,611 — #2,685 #3,947 information not publicly available >$33,086,611 $4,000,000 >$29,086,611 [37][9][38]
Teen Wolf Too $7,888,703 — #5,696 #8,204 $68,689 $7,956,689 $3,000,000 $4,956,689 [10][39]
Teen Witch $27,843 — information not publicly available information not publicly available information not publicly available >$27,843 $2,500,000 ≥-$2,472,157 [40][41]
Totals $41,003,157 — x̄ #2,794 x̄ #4,050 >$68,689 >$41,071,143 $9,500,000 ≥$31,571,143

Critical and public response

[edit]
Work Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic
Teen Wolf 42% (33 reviews)[1] 25/100 (5 reviews)[42]
Teen Wolf: The Animated Series [to be determined][2] —
Teen Wolf Too 8% (24 reviews)[3] 8/100 (5 reviews)[43]
Teen Witch 44% (9 reviews)[4] 46/100 (4 reviews)[44]
Teen Wolf (2011 TV series) 81% (88 reviews)[5] 63/100 (22 reviews)[45]
Teen Wolf: The Movie 32% (25 reviews)[6] 51/100 (7 reviews)[46]

Cancelled and repurposed projects

[edit]

Sequel

[edit]

A third film, serving as a sequel to Teen Wolf and Teen Wolf Too, was originally in development with Alyssa Milano cast in the lead role, though it was never officially green-lit by the studio and never materialized.[47]

[edit]
Film U.S.
release date 		Director Screenwriters Producers
Teen Witch April 23, 1989 (1989-04-23) Dorian Walker Robin Menken & Vernon Zimmerman Moshe Diamant, Rafael Eisenman, Alana H. Lambros, Bob Manning and Eduard Sarlai

Originally intended to serve as a spin-off film directly connected to the original two Teen Wolf films, Teen Witch was repurposed to be a standalone story instead. Starring Robyn Lively, the plot, similar in structure to the Teen Wolf movies, centers around an adolescent witch in comedic situations at high school. In addition, the movie also incorporates the use of musical numbers.[47][48][11] Though initially poorly received by critics, the film has since garnered a cult status following midnight theater screenings and its inclusion in ABC Family / Freeform annual 31 Nights of Halloween event.[12][49]

Adaptations

[edit]

In 2007, it was discovered that master audio tapes of the original soundtrack to Teen Witch had been misplaced. Due to the high demand from the film's growing fanbase for a soundtrack album, Larry and Tom Weir were commissioned by Caption Records to develop new recordings with an all-new cast. Alana Lambros produced the recording with intentions to expand the project into a Broadway stage musical titled Teen Witch: The Musical.[50][51][52][53] The show and its songs were performed at radio station events, parks, and county fairs that summer; despite intentions for a wide release, the stage production never received a large venue debut.[52]

In April 2008, it was announced that United Artists was developing a remake film adaptation. Ashley Tisdale was cast in the leading role as Louise Miller, a successful student lacking in social status who discovers she is the descendant of witches and has mystical abilities. A script was in development at that time.[54][55][56][57]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Rudder performed in the series as the Scott Howard body double during the live-action/animation hybrid opening sequence.[36]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Teen Wolf (1985)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Teen Wolf (1986–1987)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Teen Wolf Too". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  4. ^ a b "Teen Witch". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  5. ^ a b c "Teen Wolf (2011–2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  6. ^ a b "Teen Wolf: The Movie". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  7. ^ a b Canby, Vincent (August 23, 1985). "SCREEN: 'Teen Wolf,' with Michael J. Fox". The New York Times. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  8. ^ a b Wilmington, Michael (November 20, 1987). "MOVIE REVIEWS : 'Teen Wolf Too' Deserves a Silver Bullet". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  9. ^ a b "Teen Wolf (1985)". The Numbers. Nash Information Services LLC. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Teen Wolf Too". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  11. ^ a b Parker, Dylan (February 17, 2022). "The True Origin Of The Cult-Classic 'Teen Witch' And Why It Flopped At The Box Office". TheThings. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
  12. ^ a b Juniper Stratford, Jennifer (March 20, 2015). "Off Hollywood – Joshua John Miller". Vice. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Buchner, Chris (October 3, 2015). "Teen Wolf (1986)". Saturday Mornings Forever. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  14. ^ Reed, Courtney (January 5, 2022). "Teen Wolf: 10 Things From Season 1 That Keep Getting Better Over Time". ScreenRant. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  15. ^ a b Kazi, Safeeyah (January 26, 2023). "'Teen Wolf: The Movie' Review: A Reigniting of Beacon Hills' Beating Heart". Collider. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  16. ^ a b Zachary, Brandon (January 23, 2023). "REVIEW: Teen Wolf: The Movie Delivers a Campy Love Letter to the Beloved Series". Comic Book Resource. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  17. ^ a b Freeman, Molly (January 23, 2023). "Teen Wolf: The Movie Review: A Disappointing Continuation". ScreenRant. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  18. ^ Byrge, Duane (August 21, 1985). "'Teen Wolf': THR's 1985 Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  19. ^ James, Caryn (November 20, 1987). "Film: 'Teen Wolf Too,' Family Curse". The New York Times. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  20. ^ Thomas, William (January 1, 2000). "Teen Wolf Too Review". Empire. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  21. ^ Hasan, Zaki (January 26, 2023). "Teen Wolf: The Movie – Review". IGN. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  22. ^ Jones, CT (January 26, 2023). "'Teen Wolf: The Movie' Is Its Own Worst Enemy". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  23. ^ Maidy, Alex (January 24, 2023). "Teen Wolf: The Movie – Review". JoBlo. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  24. ^ Lowry, Brian (January 26, 2023). "'Teen Wolf: The Movie' and 'Wolf Pack' pack a pretty toothless one-two punch". Cable News Network. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  25. ^ Thompson, Avery (January 26, 2023). "'Teen Wolf' Movie Boss Addresses Stiles & Lydia's Fate & If Void Stiles Would Have Ever Returned (Exclusive)". Hollywood Life. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  26. ^ Jacobs, Meredith (January 28, 2023). "'Teen Wolf: The Movie' Boss Answers Burning Questions, Plus Will There Be More?". TV Insider. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
  27. ^ Radish, Christina (January 26, 2023). "'Wolf Pack' Creator Jeff Davis Talks 'Teen Wolf: The Movie' and Being the Werewolf Guy". Collider. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  28. ^ Davis, Jeff (January 24, 2023). "The Creator of 'Teen Wolf' on Expanding the Franchise". Paramount. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  29. ^ Swift, Andy (January 27, 2023). "Is More Teen Wolf On the Way After Paramount+ Movie? 'I Think Werewolf Babies Are in Order,' Says One Star". TV Line. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  30. ^ Cartoni Online staff (February 15, 2022). "Teen Wolf, the 1986 animated series". Cartoni Online. Retrieved September 23, 2022.
  31. ^ Shomer, Jason (February 24, 2022). "From 'Beetlejuice' to 'Teen Wolf:' 7 Films You Might Not Know Had Animated Series". Collider. Retrieved September 23, 2022.
  32. ^ Jennings, Collier (January 24, 2023). "'Teen Wolf' Recap: Everything You Need to Remember Before 'Teen Wolf: The Movie'". Collider. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  33. ^ Olson, Samantha (January 20, 2023). "How Did Teen Wolf End? What to Know Before Watching Teen Wolf: The Movie". Seventeen. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  34. ^ Hibberd, James (June 29, 2011). "MTV launching 'Teen Wolf' webisodes – EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  35. ^ "Teen Wolf Search for a Cure Web Series Details". Seat42F. June 29, 2011. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  36. ^ a b "Teen Wolf: Season 1 Episode 21 – "Howlin' Cousins"". Pluto TV. MGM Worldwide Television Distribution. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
  37. ^ "Teen Wolf". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on January 29, 2023. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  38. ^ "Teen Wolf (1985)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  39. ^ "Teen Wolf Too (1987)". The Numbers. Nash Information Services LLC. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  40. ^ "Teen Witch (1989)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  41. ^ Wood, Jennifer M. (April 28, 2019). "18 Facts About Teen Witch—Top That!". Mental Floss. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  42. ^ "Teen Wolf (1985)". Metacritic. Fandom, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  43. ^ "Teen Wolf Too (1987)". Metacritic. Fandom, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  44. ^ "Teen Witch (1989)". Metacritic. Fandom, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  45. ^ "Teen Wolf". Metacritic. Fandom, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  46. ^ "Teen Wolf: The Movie (2023)". Metacritic. Fandom, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  47. ^ a b Buchner, Todd (October 3, 2015). "TEEN WOLF (1986)". Saturday Mornings Forever. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
  48. ^ Harris, Blake (March 2, 2016). "How Did This Get Made: Teen Witch [An Oral History]". Slash Film. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
  49. ^ Adams, Jason (November 16, 2016). "Awfully Good: Teen Witch". JoBlo. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  50. ^ Oh, Steph (June 15, 2007). "Austinist Interviews Teen Witch Songwriter Larry Weir". Austinist Interviews. Archived from the original on 2010-02-01. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  51. ^ "Teen Witch: The Musical – Original Cast". All Music. All Music. 2007. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  52. ^ a b Harrison, Estelle (April 5, 2007). "Teen Witch Fans Finally Get Their Wish". Cision: PRWeb. Archived from the original on January 8, 2008. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  53. ^ BWW Staff (May 12, 2007). "BWW TV: Rocking Out With Making Of Teen Witch The Musical CD". Broadway World. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  54. ^ ComingSoon staff (April 17, 2008). "Ashley Tisdale, Teen Witch?". ComingSoon. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  55. ^ Orange, B. Alan (April 17, 2008). "Ashley Tisdale Is a Teen Witch". MovieWeb. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  56. ^ Stephenson, Hunter (April 17, 2008). "Ashley Tisdale To Star In Remake Of Teen Witch For United Artists. Top That!?". Slash Film. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  57. ^ People staff (April 17, 2008). "Ashley Tisdale – Good Witch or Bad Witch?". People. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
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