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SigMF
Filename extensions
.sigmf, .sigmf-data, .sigmf-meta
Initial releaseFebruary 1, 2017; 7 years ago (2017-02-01)
Latest release
v1.2.1
September 13, 2024; 2 months ago (2024-09-13)
Type of formattime-series
Container forTime series Radio Frequency (RF) Signals
Contained byJSON
Websitesigmf.org

SigMF is a standard file format for storing and organizing digitized radio frequency (RF) signals and corresponding metadata, supporting time series real or complex-valued signals.[1][2] A single SigMF "Recording" consists of two files: 1) a binary file containing only the time series digitized samples, and 2) a metadata file describing the contents and capture details of those samples.[2] The metadata is encapsulated in a JSON file with a .sigmf-meta extension, situated alongside the binary data stored in a file with a .sigmf-data extension.[3] SigMF "Extensions" enable the addition of hierarchical data to a complete dataset, a capture, or a specific region of the recording. Common applications of SigMF recordings include capturing wireless communications signals, radar, GNSS and electronic warfare.

History

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Before the standardization of SigMF, time series data representing radio signals were commonly stored in flat binary files with external descriptors. Occasionally, researchers used Hierarchical Data Format (HDF5) containers (.hdf5), but these containers lack specificity to any data type. The VITA Radio Transport Standard a.k.a. VITA 49 (.vrt) was at times employed for RF data storage, although it is primarily designed as a transport format for RF signals rather than for data storage purposes.[4] Other proprietary formats were created by industry either to hold specific metadata or encode signals into proprietary containers.

In 2016 at the annual GNU Radio conference, a workshop focused on how a better open source container for RF signals could be constructed and maintained. In the following year the initial release of SigMF was created to provide a portable & annotated container for radio signals. In June 2021 the SigMF specifications and open source software was moved from GNU Radio's GitHub repository to a new SigMF-specific GitHub organization and repository; the project is no longer an effort specific to GNU Radio.[citation needed] The SigMF standard has since been incorporated into numerous pieces of software and academic research.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

Adoption

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Entity Purpose
National Telecommunications and Information Administration Sharing and Reusing RF Measurement Data[6]
Northeastern University
 Datasets for RF Fingerprinting[7]
National Instruments Generative AI RF Datasets[12]
SETI Breakthrough Listen Data interchange format for data processing at the Green Bank Observatory.[13]
Microsoft Azure Azure GNU Radio module[8]
DeepSig Next-Generation RF Awareness[14]

References

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  1. ^ Hilburn, Ben (2018). "SigMF: The Signal Metadata Format". Proceedings of the GNU Radio Conference. 3 (1).
  2. ^ a b "IQ Files and SigMF — PySDR: A Guide to SDR and DSP using Python". pysdr.org. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  3. ^ "IQEngine". www.iqengine.org. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  4. ^ Cooklev, Todor (November 27, 2012). "The VITA 49 Analog RF-Digital Interface" (PDF). www.vita.com. IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  5. ^ Necsoiu, Marius; Ranney, Kenneth; Tadas, Dannielle; Magill, Andre; Tesny, Neal; Diehl, William (2023-02-23). Minimal Set of Signal Metadata Format(SigMF) Keys for RF Test Data Sets Using the Advanced Electronic Warfare Laboratory (AEWL) (Report). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory. doi:10.21236/ad1194292.
  6. ^ a b "ITS Releases Open Metadata Extensions for Sharing and Reusing RF Measurement Data". its.ntia.gov. April 2, 2020. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
  7. ^ a b "Datasets for RF Fingerprinting". Retrieved July 15, 2022.
  8. ^ a b microsoft/gr-azure, Microsoft, 2024-06-12, retrieved 2024-06-28
  9. ^ Badger, R. David; Jung, Kristopher H.; Kim, Minje (2021-08-23). "An Open-Sourced Time-Frequency Domain RF Classification Framework". 2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO). IEEE: 1701–1705. doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9615929. ISBN 978-9-0827-9706-0.
  10. ^ Kokalj-Filipovic, Silvija; Miller, Rob; Morman, Joshua (2019-05-15). "Targeted Adversarial Examples Against RF Deep Classifiers". Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Wireless Security and Machine Learning. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 6–11. doi:10.1145/3324921.3328792. ISBN 978-1-4503-6769-1.
  11. ^ MISP (2023-08-23). "MISP now supports Signal Metadata Format Specification SigMF". MISP Open Source Threat Intelligence Platform & Open Standards For Threat Information Sharing. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  12. ^ "Using Generative AI To Connect Lab To Fab Test". Retrieved Aug 29, 2023.
  13. ^ Croft, Steve (December 15, 2005). "SETI Open-Data". seti.berkeley.edu. Berkeley SETI Research Center. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  14. ^ "OmniSIG®". DeepSig. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
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