MACHO 80.7443.1718
| Observation data Epoch Equinox | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Dorado |
| Right ascension | 05h 26m 24.462s[1] |
| Declination | −68° 47′ 04.941″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 13.628 |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | Supergiant + Main-sequence star |
| Spectral type | B0 Iae + O9.5 V[2] |
| Variable type | Heartbeat star |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 289.4±1.5[2] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 1.607 mas/yr[1] Dec.: 0.509 mas/yr[1] |
| Orbit[2] | |
| Period (P) | 32.83627±0.00846 d |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 159 R☉ |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.507±0.033 |
| Inclination (i) | 43.9±0.2° |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 2458505.470±0.034 |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 300.2±2.0° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 61.9±2.8 km/s |
| Details[2] | |
| A | |
| Mass | 34.5+1.5 −2.0 M☉ |
| Radius | 23.7+2.9 −1.2 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 4.07+0.39 −0.36×105 L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 3.25±0.25 cgs |
| Temperature | 30000±1000 K |
| Age | 5.6+1.5 −1.1 Myr |
| B | |
| Mass | 15.7±1.3 M☉ |
| Radius | 5.7+0.4 −0.5 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 2.88+0.83 −0.70×104 L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.1±0.1 cgs |
| Temperature | 31600±1000 K |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
MACHO 80.7443.1718 is a binary star in the LH 58 association in the Large Magellanic Cloud, in the constellation of Dorado, first identified among about 800 stars in 1994.[3] It consists of a 35 M☉ blue supergiant in an eccentric orbit with a secondary companion that cannot be observed directly, but is likely an O-type main-sequence star of around 15 M☉.[2]
It is the most extreme heartbeat star known, exhibiting variations in brightness of around 40% due to a strong tidal resonance at the 25th and 41st harmonics of its orbital period, plus a 10% variation at other times due to tidal resonances.[4] With a combined mass of ~50 M☉, it is also the second most massive such system known, after HD 5980 AB.[2] The tidal interactions at periastron produce immense, unstable waves on the primary with a height of 2.7 million miles (4.3×106 km), or 6 R☉; and disrupts its atmosphere. It has also accelerated the spin to the point that it is now an oblate spheroid.[5][6]
The system's orbit is slowly decaying as mass is transferred from the secondary to the primary star, which led astrophysicists Abraham Loeb and Morgan MacLeod of the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics to describe MACHO 80.7443.1718 as a "heartbreak star".[7] Jayasinghe et al. (2021) modeled the system and predicted that the primary will eventually overflow its Roche lobe and deposit mass onto the secondary, inflating its mass to 24 M☉. The primary will eventually go supernova and become a black hole of about 8 M☉, but the explosion would not be strong enough to eject the secondary. The secondary will become a 12 M☉ helium star, and be ejected from the system when it goes supernova as well, leaving a 1.6 M☉ neutron star remnant.[2] However, according to Susan Mallally at the Space Telescope Science Institute, the heartbeat mass transfer may influence the system's evolution in ways that cannot be predicted using current models.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "2MASS J05262445-6847049". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Jayasinghe, T; Kochanek, C S; Strader, J; Stanek, K Z; Vallely, P J; Thompson, Todd A; Hinkle, J T; Shappee, B J; Dupree, A K; Auchettl, K; Chomiuk, L; Aydi, E; Dage, K; Hughes, A; Shishkovsky, L; Sokolovsky, K V; Swihart, S; Voggel, K T; Thompson, I B (31 July 2021). "The loudest stellar heartbeat: characterizing the most extreme amplitude heartbeat star system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 506 (3): 4083–4100. arXiv:2104.13925. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1920.
- ^ a b c Garmany, Catharine D.; Massey, Philip; Parker, Joel Wm. (October 1994). "The OB association LH 58 in the Large Magellanic Cloud". The Astronomical Journal. 108: 1256. Bibcode:1994AJ....108.1256G. doi:10.1086/117151.
- ^ a b Jayasinghe, T; Stanek, K Z; Kochanek, C S; Thompson, Todd A; Shappee, B J; Fausnaugh, M (11 November 2019). "An extreme amplitude, massive heartbeat system in the LMC characterized using ASAS-SN and TESS". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 489 (4): 4705–4711. arXiv:1901.00005. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2460.
- ^ a b "Surf's up! Waves on heartbeat star are as tall as 3 suns". earthsky.org. 18 August 2023.
- ^ a b MacLeod, Morgan; Loeb, Abraham (10 August 2023). "Breaking waves on the surface of the heartbeat star MACHO 80.7443.1718". Nature Astronomy. 7 (10): 1218–1227. Bibcode:2023NatAs...7.1218M. doi:10.1038/s41550-023-02036-3. S2CID 260833289.
- ^ a b c Gasparini, Allison (1 November 2023). "'Heartbreak' Stars Cause Enormous, Tumultuous Waves in Their Partners". Scientific American. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1123-18a. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
