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List of ecoregions in Europe

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The continent of Europe comprises a large part of the Palearctic ecozone, with many unique biomes and ecoregions. Biogeographically, Europe is tied closely to Siberia, commonly known as the Euro-Siberian region.

The European Environmental Agency (EEA) divides Europe into a total of eleven terrestrial biogeographical regions and seven regional seas.[1] The agency has issued the Digital Map of European Ecological Regions (DMEER), and operates with a total of 70 ecoregions, of which 58 are within the European continent. Some of these ecoregions are congruent with the World Wildlife Fund's (WWF) ecoregions, and some are not.[2][3]

List of ecoregions in Europe

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Below is an exhaustive list of the ecoregions of Europe as defined by the WWF.

Designation Name (WWF) Country Biome Map
PA0401 Apennine deciduous montane forests Italy Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
PA0402 Atlantic mixed forests France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark
PA0403 Azores temperate mixed forests Portugal
PA0404 Eastern Europe: Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia, and Greece
PA0405 Northern Europe: Germany, Denmark, Sweden, and Poland Denmark, Sweden, Germany, and Poland Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest
Natural beech wood
PA0406 Cantabrian mixed forests Portugal, Spain, and France
PA0408 Western Asia: Georgia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia Russia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Caucasus-Anatolian-Hyrcanian temperate forests
PA0409 Celtic broadleaf forests Ireland and United Kingdom Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
PA0412 Central European mixed forests Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest
PA0416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex Russia, Ukraine European-Mediterranean montane mixed forest
PA0418 Eastern Europe: along the Adriatic coast of Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, northern Italy, Slovenia, and Yugoslavia Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo, and Albania European-Mediterranean montane mixed forest
PA0419 Eastern Europe: Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, and Russia
PA0421 English Lowlands beech forests United Kingdom Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest
PA0422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests Bulgaria and Turkey Caucasus-Anatolian-Hyrcanian temperate forests
PA0429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests Ireland, United Kingdom, and Norway Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
PA0431 Pannonian mixed forests Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Romania, and Ukraine
PA0432 Southern Europe: Northern Italy stretching to the shore of the Adriatic Sea Italy and Switzerland
PA0433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests Spain, Andorra, and France European-Mediterranean montane mixed forest
PA0435 Southern Europe: Bulgaria with small extensions into Greece, Macedonia, and Yugoslavia Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia, and Greece
PA0436 Sarmatic mixed forests Norway, Sweden, Åland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, and Russia Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest
PA0445 Western European broadleaf forests Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, and Belgium Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest
PA0501 Alps conifer and mixed forests Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, and Slovenia
PA0503 Caledonian conifer forests United Kingdom Temperate coniferous forest
PA0504 Carpathian montane conifer forests Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, and Ukraine European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests
PA0520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests Norway Temperate coniferous forests
PA0602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra Iceland
PA0608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia Taiga and Boreal forests
PA0610 Ural montane forests and tundra Russia
PA0807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands Faroe Islands
PA0814 Pontic steppe Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, and Russia Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
PA1101 Arctic desert Norway and Russia Tundra
PA1106 Kola Peninsula tundra Norway and Russia Tundra
PA1108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra Russia Tundra
PA1110 Scandinavian montane birch forest and grasslands Norway, Sweden, and Finland
PA1201 Southeastern Europe: Along the coastline of Greece and Turkey, stretching into Macedonia Greece, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, and Turkey Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests France Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1205 Crete Mediterranean forests Greece Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1208 Iberian conifer forests Spain Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Spain and Portugal Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1210 Illyrian deciduous forests Greece, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Italy
PA1215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests Spain and France
PA1216 Northwest Iberian montane forests Spain and Portugal
PA1217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests Greece, North Macedonia, and Albania
PA1218 Southern Europe: Southern Italy Italy Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands Spain
PA1221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests Portugal and Spain Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1222 Southern Europe: Portions of the southern Italian mainland and parts of the islands of Corsica, Sardinia, and Sicily Italy and France Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
PA1308 Western Asia: Along the coast of the Caspian Sea in Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Iran Russia Deserts and Xeric Shrublands

Global 200 ecoregions in Europe

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Main article: Global 200

Terrestrial

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Terrestrial Global 200 ecoregions in Europe comprise three regions of Scandia alpine tundra and taiga, which is present in Finland, Norway, Russia and Sweden:

Other Global 200 ecoregions:

Freshwater

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Global 200 Large river delta ecoregions in Europe:

Small river ecoregions:

Marine

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There are no marine Global 200 ecoregions in Europe.

Sources

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  • "World Wildlife Fund".
  • "Global 200". WWF.

References

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  1. ^ "Europe's biodiversity - biogeographical regions and seas". EEA. 30 May 2002. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
  2. ^ . 23 January 2015 [https:/ Environmental Agency (EEA) https:/ Environmental Agency (EEA)]. Retrieved 6 August 2019. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ^ "[LATEST VERSION] Digital map of European ecological regions". European Environmental Agency (EEA). 12 January 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
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