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José Ignacio Mantecón

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Don
José Ignacio Mantecón Navasal
PhD

Governor-General of Aragon
In office
11 August 1937 – March 1938

Justice Councillor of the Regional Defence Council of Aragon
In office
21 December 1936 – 11 August 1937
Personal details
Born26 September 1902
Zaragoza, Spain
Died1982
Mexico City
Political partyIzquierda Republicana
SpouseConcha de la Torre
Children2
Alma materUniversity of Zaragoza
OccupationStatesman, archivist, historian
AwardsMedal for Valour
Military service
AllegianceSecond Spanish Republic
Branch/serviceSpanish Republican Army
Years of service1936-1939
RankDivisional Political Commissar
UnitArmy of Levante, Eastern Army, 72nd Mixed Brigade, "Leones Rojos" Battalion, Aragonese Militia
Commands72nd Mixed Brigade when it routed the Soria Division at the Battle of Guadalajara
Battles/warsSpanish Civil War, Battle of Guadalajara

Don José Ignacio Mantecón y Navasal[a] (Zaragoza, 1902 - Mexico City, 1982) was a Spanish archivist, lawyer, soldier and statesman, who at different points during the Spanish Civil War served as a Political Commissar in the Spanish Republican Army, Counsellor for Justice in the Regional Defence Council of Aragon and after its disbandment, Governor-General of Aragon. In the last days of the Republic before Segismundo Casado's coup d'etait[1], he was appointed as Inspector-General of the Army of Levante[2] and awarded the Republic's Medal for Valour[3], one of its highest accolades. After the war he was exiled to London[4], Paris[4] and finally, after a period of interment at Argelès-sur-Mer concentration camp[4], he left for Mexico City in 1940[4] where lived until his death in 1982.[5]

Early life

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He was born in Zaragoza on the 26 September 1902 to to Miguel Mantecón Arroyo, an important businessman and financier, and Concepción Navasal Iturralde.[5][6] Mantecón was the fourth out of 11 siblings.[7]

Education

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He was educated in accordance with his family's means and attended the El Salvador jesuit school in Zaragoza where he finished a baccalaureate at age 13. At El Salvador, he met his life long friend Luis Buñuel.[7] At age 14 he entered the University of Zaragoza to read for joint honours in History and Law.[7] He graduated from the first in 1920 receiving a grade of "Outstanding", obtaining the Faculty of Letters' Extraordinary Prize.[7] He would graduate from the latter in 1923, also with an "Outstanding".[7] In 1925 he moved to Madrid and obtained a doctorate from the Central University of Madrid with a thesis titled: The Municipal Corporation of Alabarracin in the 13th to 15th centuries.[7]

Archivist

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In 1924 Mantecón he examined and obtained a post as an Archivist and moved to Madrid to work in the National Library, Historical Archive and Archeological Museum. He did this while working in his PhD.[7] After obtaining his doctorate in 1925, he moved to Seville to work in the General Archive of the Indies and to manage the family firm's branch there.[8]

Civil War

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At the start of the Spanish Civil War he offered his services to the Republic to which he remained loyal. The Republic, finding itself doubting the loyalties even of the Army that had not joined the Nationalists, appointed political commissars to supervise and educate the loyalties of its units.[citation needed]

In 1937, Mantecón was appointed as Governor-General of Aragon, charged with dissolving the Regional Defence Council of Aragon.

He was awarded the Medal for Valour on 5 March 1939

Exile

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Selected bibliography

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  • PhD Thesis: The Municipal Corporation of Alabarracin [sic] in the 13th to 15th centuries. (El régimen municipal de la comunidad de Alabarracín en los siglos XII al XV).

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Beevor, Antony. (2006). The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939. London: Penguin Books. pp. 391–392.
  2. ^ "Orden 2060" [Order 2060]. Diario Oficial del Ministerio de Defensa Nacional (in Spanish). Año LII, Num. 24 (1): 427. 5 March 1939.
  3. ^ "Orden 2061" [Order 2061]. Diario Oficial del Ministerio de Defensa Nacional (in Spanish). Año LII, Num. 24 (1): 427. 5 March 1939.
  4. ^ a b c d "Person - Mantecón, José Ignacio (1902-1982)". PARES (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 March 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b Torres-H-Mantecón, Marco Aurelio Ignacio (2005). José Ignacio Mantecón. Vida y obra de un aragonés del destierro. Ibercaja-Gobierno de Aragón-IEA-IET-IFC. ISBN 84-8324-220-6.
  6. ^ "José Ignacio Mantecón (1902-1982)". CIDA. Retrieved 18 March 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Torres-H-Mantecón, Marco Aurelio Ignacio (2004). "Semblanza de José Ignacio Mantecón Navasal". Educación y Biblioteca (in Spanish). 139: 75.
  8. ^ Torres-H-Mantecón, Marco Aurelio Ignacio (2004). "Semblanza de José Ignacio Mantecón Navasal". Educación y Biblioteca (in Spanish). 139: 76.
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Example external link

Category:Spanish Civil War Category:Medal for Valour recipients Category:Spanish military personnel of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction) Category:Spanish refugees Category:Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in Mexico Category:Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France Category:Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in the United Kingdom Category:Politicians from Aragon Category:1902 births Category:1982 deaths
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