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Blanche Louisa Mary Boleyn Brenton Carey
Born1856
Bath, Somerset, United Kingdom
Died25 May 1950(1950-05-25) (aged 94)
Karachi, Pakistan
Parent(s)Rev. Adolphus Frederick Carey
Harriet Mary Brenton
ReligionChristianity
ChurchAnglican
TitleKaisar-i-Hind Silver medal

Blanche Louisa Mary Boleyn Brenton Carey (1856 - 1950)[1] was a Church of England Zenana Mission Society (CEZMS) pioneer missionary[2] to Karachi (1885 to 1950).[3]

Blanche Brenton Carey's ministry in Karachi spanned a number of cataclysmic world and national events: plague epidemics, World War I, The Great Depression, political unrest, World War II and the Partition of India and the new state of Pakistan. When Blanche Brenton Carey first arrived in Karachi in 1885 there was one school of fifteen girl pupils,[3] this grew over time to be nine schools[4] with about 900 girl students,[5] an orphanage,[6] a Teacher Training College,[7] and a Widows' Industrial Class.[6] The schools used different languages spoken at the time in Karachi, Gujarati, Sindhi, and Arabic.[8]

Blanche Brenton Carey was known for her love and support for the women of Sindh[9] and her great zeal for evangelism.[10] Blanche Brenton Carey visited the villages[3] outside of Karachi often travelling many miles by railway and then camel.[11]

Family

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Blanche Louisa Mary Boleyn Brenton Carey was born in Bath, Somerset, England in 1856.[12] Her father was the Rev. Adolphus Frederick Carey[13] and her mother was Harriet Mary Brenton (a distinguished author and poet).[14] Her grandfather was Vice admiral Jahleel Brenton.[15] Blanche Brenton Carey had two sisters and six brothers.[16] Amongst her six brothers were Jahleel Brenton Carey Captain in the British Army, and Reginald Orme Brenton Carey Admiral in the Mexican Navy.[17]

Her father became the vicar of Brixham,[13] Devon, England in 1861 and Blanche Brenton Carey's formative years were spent here. Blanche Brenton Carey helped in the Sunday School[1] and helped her father in the parish as she visited many of the young women.[1]

In 1884 she applied to become a missionary[1] for the CEZMS. She was accepted and was sent out to Karachi in 1885.[18]

Early years in Karachi

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At the time of her arrival Karachi was a port town and there were many different languages[10] spoken by the people in the town. Urdu was the common commercial and business language[10] used in the streets but many spoke Marathi, Arabic, Sindhi, and Gujarati.

Blanche Brenton Carey was sent out to Karachi as a second to a more experienced missionary Miss M T Condon.[18] Blanche Brenton Carey started to learn Sindhi[10] as soon as she arrived so that she could talk to the parents and girls in their native language.[10] Some thought that they would not be able to recruit the teachers needed to establish the mission work.[3] However they were able to find a number of Christian women who were able to assist them in the work and to speak the necessary languages.

There was strong opposition to work from the community.[3]

Growth

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Through much perseverance the work began to grow and new schools were opened.[19] The staff were found[19] to teach the girls in their own languages and assistant missionaries[19] joined to visit the parents.

In 1894 due to ill health Miss M T Condon had to leave[20] Karachi and Blanche Brenton Carey took over[20] the responsibility of the mission station in Karachi.

The mission set up an outstation in the village of Jhirak,[21] outside of Karachi, with accommodation, a school and a place where simple medicines[11] could be distributed to the sick.

People started to ask Blanche Brenton Carey if she would be willing to house orphans[6] as many parents died by famine and disease. So in 1902 Blanche started an orphanage for the destitute girls.

Due to famine, and plague there were a good number of widows and Blanche Brenton Carey responded to the need of the people of Karachi by opening a Widows' Industrial Class.[22] The widows in the Industrial Class would learn to read and write and develop needle work skills to help them earn a living.[22]

A new school building was needed and after much fund raising the Queen Alexandra School was built and opened in 1921.[23]

Recognition

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In the 1928 Royal Birthday List Blanche Brenton Carey was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind medal[24] for her services to the women and girls of India.

Trials

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The Plague (disease) was a constant source of interruption[25] for the mission station. At the time of the great plague epidemic in 1896,[26][27] the schools in Karachi closed and much of the population left the city to live in segregation[28] huts. Blanche Brenton Carey went to help the people.[26]

The girls' education would also end when they married at a young age.[29]

In 1921 the missionaries' accommodation collapsed[30] and they had to wait seven years[31] before a new mission bungalow was built to accommodate the workers.

The mission station in Karachi faced financial difficulties as a result of the world wars.[32]

In 1929 Blanche Brenton Carey became ill[33] and the illness was misdiagnosed as malaria.[33] However Blanche Brenton Carey did not recover and a second opinion[33] was sought. It was discovered that she had cancer of the uterus,[33] and she had to undergo an urgent operation.[33] Most of the cancer was removed[33] and Blanche was sent home to recuperate.[33]

Blanche Brenton Carey recovered and returned to Karachi in 1931.[33]

There was also political opposition to British rule in India and in 1935 there was a riot in Karachi.[34]

In 1947 the partition of India took place and Karachi became part of the new state of Pakistan. The Queen Alexandra School became a haven for Muslim refugees[35] who were flooding into Karachi from India. Most of the mission station schools closed.[36]

Jubilee

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Blanche Brenton Carey celebrate her fiftieth year of service in 1935.[9] The actual day of her jubilee was set aside as a day of prayer[9] as requested by Blanche. The following day there was a less formal celebration with bus loads of children attending and Blanche Brenton Carey was given flower garlands by all the schools.[9]

Last Days

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Blanche Brenton Carey continued to work into her nineties.[35] She died in 1950,[35] many of the young women who had known Blanche Brenton Carey since they were children looked after her as she was dying.[35] Blanche Brenton Carey was buried in Karachi.[35]

Archive

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The Cadbury Research Library (University of Birmingham) holds the Church of England Zenana Missionary Society archive collections concerning Blanche Brenton Carey: her magazine articles, annual reports, application form and correspondence.[37]

Adam Matthew Digital holds the digital Church Missionary Society archive collections which includes the CEZMS periodical India's Women and China's Daughters where there are many articles written by Blanche Brenton Carey.[38]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Missionaries blue packets - 1884-1960 Records of the CEZMS Cadbury Research Library at University of Birmingham".
  2. ^ "The Church of England Zenana Missionary Society Jubilee Souvenir 1880 -1930". Internet Archive. London 1930. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e D, A (1912). Until the shadows flee away: The story of C.E.Z.M.S. work in India and Ceylon. London: Church of England Zenana Missionary Society: Marshall Brothers. pp. 108–110.
  4. ^ "India's Women and China's Daughters September 1915 Volume 35 Issue 351 London CEZMS. Available through Adam Matthew, Marlborough". Church Missionary Society Periodicals. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  5. ^ "India's Women and China's Daughters July 1939 Volume 59, Issue 630, 1939. London CEZMS. Available through Adam Matthew, Marlborough". Church Missionary Society Periodicals. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  6. ^ a b c A Tale of modern Sind. Cadbury Research Library, University of Birmingham: CEZMS. 1925–1933.
  7. ^ Blanche, Brenton Carey (March 1920). "Walls Rising". India's Women and China's Daughters. 40 (401): 41.
  8. ^ "The Sindh Mission Karachi". India's Women. 15 (110): 352. August 1895.
  9. ^ a b c d Bose, Zoe (1936). "Jubilee Day in Karachi". India's Women and China's Daughters. 56 (589): 23.
  10. ^ a b c d e Condon, Miss (July–August 1886). "Miss Condon's Report". India's Women. 6 (34): 185.
  11. ^ a b Blanche, Breton Carey (March 1913). "Itinerating around Karachi". India's Women and China's Daughters. 33 (321): 52.
  12. ^ United Kingdom 1861 Census
  13. ^ a b "The Elizabethan June 1900 Vol.11 No.5 p102". The Roy Honey Digital Archives. Elizabeth College. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  14. ^ "The Echoes from the Harp of France Harriet M Carey 1860". Internet Archive. London 1930. 1860. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  15. ^ Raikes, Henry (1855). Memoir of Vice Admiral Sir Jahleel Brenton Baronet K.C.B. London: Longman and Co. Ryde: Briddon. p. CXXV.
  16. ^ Burke, Bernard (1882). Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry page 271. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  17. ^ Oakland Tribute, California (17 May 1921). "Captain Brenton of British Navy Dead". Newspaper.com. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  18. ^ a b "Leaving Taking". India's Women. 5 (30): 329. November–December 1885. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  19. ^ a b c Condon, Miss (July–August 1887). "Miss Condon's Report". India's Women. 7 (40): 205–206. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  20. ^ a b "Our Valedictory Meeting". India's Women. 13: 492. 1893.
  21. ^ "Progress at Karachi, Sindh". India's Women and China's Daughters. 27 (257): 171. 1907.
  22. ^ a b "A Widow's Industrial Class". India's Women and China's Daughters. 34 (335): 84. 1914.
  23. ^ "Walls Finished". India's Women and China's Daughters. 41 (418). October 1921.
  24. ^ "The Church of England Zenana Missionary Society Jubilee Souvenir 1880 - 1930 page 16". Internet Archive. London 1930. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  25. ^ "Progress at Karachi, Sindh". India's Women and China's Daughter. 27 (257): 170. 1907.
  26. ^ a b Dr Ansari, Sohail (19 July 2020). "Heritage: Civil Hospital Karachi How It Came To Be". Dawn.com. Dawn. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  27. ^ "Officers washing members of the Nusserpuri camp, set up as part of the Karachi Plague Committee, India. Photograph, 1897". Wellcome Collection. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  28. ^ Nathan, R. "Plague in India 1896, 1897". National Library of Scotland. SIMLA: Government Central Printing Office 1898. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  29. ^ Brenton Carey, Blanche (July–August 1888). "Miss Carey's Report". India's Women. 8 (46): 214. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  30. ^ "October India's Women and China's Daughters, Volume 41, Issue 418. 1921. London CEZMS. Available through Adam Matthew, Marlborough, CMS Periodicals". Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  31. ^ "July India's Women and China's Daughters, Volume 48, Issue 498. Image 124. 1928. London CEZMS. Available through Adam Matthew, Marlborough, CMS Periodicals". Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  32. ^ Davidson, Catherine (November 1907). "Karachi". India's Women and China's Daughters. 27 (257): 102.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h "Correspondence with missions 1927-1930. Records of the CEZMS at Cadbury Research Library, University of Birmingham CEZ C AC1/I2".
  34. ^ "RIOT IN KARACHI". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 30, 333. New South Wales, Australia. 23 March 1935. p. 16. Retrieved 24 March 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
  35. ^ a b c d e "Correspondence relating to deaths of missionaries Records of the CEZMS at Cadbury Research Library, University of Birmingham".
  36. ^ "Looking East May 1952 Vol. 72 Issue 3, Images 39,40". Church Missionary Society Periodicals. © [2021] Adam Matthew Digital Limited. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  37. ^ "UoB Calmview5: Search results". calmview.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  38. ^ "Church Missionary Society archive". amdigital.co.uk.

Further reading

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  • Russell, A (2022). Marvellously Helped: The Trials and Triumphs of Blanche Brenton Carey. Amazon.
  • Barnes, Irene (1897). Behind the Pardah. Thomas Y Crowell & Company.
  • Carmichael, Amy (1905). Things as they are. Morgan and Scott.
  • Cooke, Harriette (1893). Mildmay or the Story of the First Deaconess Institution. Elliot Stock Paternoster Row.
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