Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda

For places in Iran, see Dehkhoda, Iran.

Note: In some articles, the word "Dehkhoda" can refer to "Dehkhoda's Dictionary" or Dehkhoda himself.

Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda
علی‌اکبر دهخدا
Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda
Born	Ali-Akbar Ghazvini 1879 Qazvin, Iran
Died	March 9, 1956(1956-03-09) (aged 77) Tehran, Iran
Resting place	Ibn Babawayh Cemetery, Ray
Nationality	Iranian
Occupation(s)	Lexicographer, Linguist, Satirist
Notable work	Amsāl o Hekam (Proverbs and Sayings) Dehkhoda Dictionary Charand-o Parand (pronounced: Čarand-o Parand; lit. 'fiddle-faddle') French-Persian Dictionary
Political party	Moderate Socialists Party

Allameh Ali-Akbar Dehkhodā (Persian: علی‌اکبر دهخدا; 1879 – March 9, 1956) was a prominent Iranian literary writer, philologist, and lexicographer.

He was the author of the Dehkhoda Dictionary, the most extensive dictionary of the Persian language published to date.

Biography

Dehkhoda was born in Tehran to parents from Qazvin. His father, Khan-Baba Khan Ghazvini, died when he was only 9 years old.

Dehkhoda excelled quickly in Persian literature, Arabic, and French. He enrolled at the School of Political Science, which employed, amongst other figures, the Minister of Foreign Affairs and his Secretary as lecturers.

He was also active in politics, and served in the Majles as a Member of Parliament from Kerman and Tehran. He also served as Dean of Tehran School of Political Science and later the School of Law of the University of Tehran.

In 1903, he went to the Balkans as an Iranian embassy employee, but came back to Iran two years later and became involved in the Constitutional Revolution of Iran.

Dehkhoda, Mirza Jahangir Khan and Ghasem Khan published the Sur-e Esrafil newspaper for about two years, until Mohammad Ali Shah disbanded the parliament and banished Dehkhoda and some other liberals into exile in Europe. There he continued publishing articles and editorials, but when Mohammad Ali Shah was deposed in 1911, he returned to the country and became a member of the new Majlis.

He is buried in Ebn-e Babooyeh cemetery in Shahr-e Ray, near Tehran.

In his article "First Iranian Scholar who authored the Most Extensive & Comprehensive Farsi Dictionary," Manouchehr Saadat Noury wrote that,

The literary and commentary works of Ali Akbar Dehkhoda (AAD) actually started through his collaboration with Journal of Soor Esrafeel where he created a satirical political column entitled as Nonsense or Fiddle-Faddle (in Persian: Charand Parand). The Persian term of Dakho was his signature or his pen name for that column. Dakho means not only as the Administrator of a Village (in Persian: Dehkhoda or Kadkhoda), but it also refers to a Naive or an Unsophisticated Person (in Persian: Saadeh Lowh).

Works

Dehkhoda's personal note: "What the reader of this dictionary sees is not the fruit of a lifetime of endeavour, it is the fruit of many lifetimes of endeavour."

Dehkhoda translated Montesquieu's De l'esprit des lois (The Spirit of the Laws) into Persian.

He has also written Amsal o Hekam ("Proverbs and Sayings") in four volumes, a French-Persian Dictionary, and other books.

His lexicographic masterpiece is Loghat-nameh-ye Dehkhoda ("Dehkhoda Dictionary"), the largest Persian dictionary ever published, in 15 volumes. Mohammad Moin accomplished Dehkhoda's unfinished volumes according to Dehkhoda's request after him. Finally the book was published after forty five years of efforts of Dehkhoda.

See also

• Dehkhoda Institute
• Iranian studies
• List of Persian poets and authors
• Persian literature

External links

• ALÈ-AKBAR QAZVÈNÈ Dehkhodā' @ Encyclopaedia Iranica
• Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, "Dihkhudā, ʿAlī-Akbar", John R. Perry