Jump to content

THQ

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Cranky Pants Games)
This article is about the defunct American video game company. For other uses, see THQ (disambiguation).

THQ Inc.
Company typePublic
ISINUS8724434035
IndustryVideo games
FoundedApril 1990; 34 years ago (1990-04)[1][2] in Calabasas, California, US
FounderJack Friedman
DefunctJanuary 23, 2013; 11 years ago (2013-01-23)
FateChapter 11 bankruptcy
Headquarters
Agoura Hills, California
,
US
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Products
List

THQ Inc. was an American video game company based in Agoura Hills, California. It was founded in April 1990 by Jack Friedman, originally in Calabasas, and became a public company the following year through a reverse merger takeover. Initially working in the toy business, it expanded into the video game business through several acquisitions before shifting its focus away from toys entirely. THQ continued its trend of acquiring companies throughout the 2000s.

The company published both internally created and externally licensed content in its product portfolio. THQ's internally created game series included Darksiders, De Blob, Destroy All Humans!, MX vs. ATV, Red Faction, and Saints Row, among others. The company also held exclusive, long-term licensing agreements with sports and entertainment content creators, such as Disney, DreamWorks Animation, Nickelodeon, and WWE.

After years of financial struggles, stock value drop, and debt, THQ filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in December 2012 and commenced liquidation of its assets the following month. Several properties were auctioned to other companies, while the remaining staff were laid off. The "THQ" trademark was eventually acquired by developer Nordic Games (which had also acquired some of THQ's auctioned-off properties) in 2014 and assumed the name "THQ Nordic" in 2016, while continuing a variety of their franchises under said name.

History

[edit]

Background and foundation (1990–1999)

[edit]

THQ Inc. was founded by LJN co-founder Jack Friedman in April 1990.[1][2] "THQ" is an initialism for "Toy Headquarters".[1] THQ acquired New Ventures, a division of Broderbund, in September 1990.[3] In 1991, Trinity Acquisition Corp agreed to acquire and merge with THQ in a reverse merger takeover.[1] The deal was a stock swap valued at about $33 million, with THQ's shareholders owning 51.7% of the new entity.[4] THQ's name was retained for the new company and Friedman was named as its president.[1] THQ then acquired video game developer Black Pearl Software of Chicago in 1993.[5] Following the acquisition, THQ would use the Black Pearl Software name for their Sega games, while the Malibu Games name would be used for the Nintendo games.

THQ withdrew completely from the toy business in 1994 to focus solely on video game production.[6] Around the same time, the company entered into a deal with Electronic Arts to license five titles for various consoles.[7] Jack Friedman then left the company in 1995 to co-found the toy manufacturer Jakks Pacific.[8]

At the Winter CES 1995, THQ signed an expanded deal with Electronic Arts to develop games for their 16-bit and 8-bit home consoles and handheld titles.[9] From then on, the Black Pearl Software name would be used for 8-bit and 16-bit games, while THQ introduced the Kokopeli Digital Studios brand name for their 32-bit games.[10]

In 1997, THQ was reincorporated as a Delaware Corporation,[6] and in 1999 acquired San Jose video game developer Pacific Coast Power & Light.[11]

In June 1998, the company entered into a ten-year 50/50 joint venture with Jakks Pacific (entitled THQ/Jakks Pacific LLC) to acquire the WWF (later WWE) video game license, previously held by Acclaim Entertainment.[12] The deal, which would begin in October 1999, would correspond with two titles per year that THQ would handle product development and sales for.[13]

In 1999, it signed a deal to publish Power Rangers video games.[14] Also that year, it signed a licensing agreement with British game developer Codemasters to bring their titles to their handheld market.[15]

Company growth and acquisitions (2000–2009)

[edit]
Former logo, used from 2000 to 2011

In February 2000, THQ faced a class action lawsuit over a violation of federal security laws due to nondisclosure of material information.[16] In September of the same year, the company expanded its internal product development capabilities with the acquisition of Volition located in Champaign, Illinois. Since then, THQ's internal studio system grew to eleven studios across the globe with distinct capabilities across all viable gaming platforms. Some of these studios, such as Relic Entertainment, Vigil Games, Blue Tongue Entertainment, Juice Games, Kaos Studios and Volition, worked on games for next generation consoles as well as PCs. THQ went on to acquire Vigil Games in 2006.[17]

In 2000, it signed a deal with Fox Interactive to bring five of the titles to the Game Boy Color market, such as the Croc franchise.[18] In 2001, THQ obtained an extended agreement with Nickelodeon to produce video games based on their franchises, as well as computer game rights to Rugrats, SpongeBob SquarePants and Rocket Power and console and computer rights to other Nickelodeon shows like Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius and The Wild Thornberrys.[19][20] The agreement also covered games based on original intellectual properties, such as Tak and the Power of Juju, with the potential that THQ would release a game first, followed by an animated cartoon on Nickelodeon.[21] In 2004, THQ signed an agreement with MGA Entertainment to publish video games based on the Bratz fashion doll line.[22]

On May 10, 2007, THQ reported its highest annual sales figures and net profits ever for the fiscal year which ended on March 31. THQ's revenues reached over $1 billion. In March 2008, THQ announced the development of the world's first ever cheerleading game using the Wii Balance Board.[23][24] Not long after, on November 3, 2008, the company closed five of its internal studios: Paradigm Entertainment, Mass Media Inc., Helixe, Locomotive Games, and Sandblast Games.[25][26] In 2009, huge declines in sales prompted THQ to form a strategic plan to cut $220 million in annual costs by 2010 and invest in "fewer, better bets." Previously in 2007, THQ had a $68-million profit and $1 billion in revenue, which put it within range of their rival Activision. Many of its big-budget games sold poorly, despite having favorable reviews, as the recession hit. Its hold on kids' games based on Nickelodeon TV shows and Pixar movies slipped as kids turned to free online games playable on the Internet. With shares down 86% from the previous year and a market value of only $173 million, THQ had the possibility of being acquired by other companies.[27] In March 2009, THQ spun off Heavy Iron Studios and Incinerator Studios as independent companies, and announced it was looking to sell Big Huge Games. Two months later in May 2009, THQ agreed to sell Big Huge Games to 38 Studios. In August 2009, THQ acquired Midway Studios San Diego for $200,000. The sale of the studio included all assets, except for the TNA Impact! video game.[28] In December 2009, following many lawsuits between the three companies, THQ signed a standalone eight-year deal with the WWE, replacing the THQ/Jakks Pacific joint-venture deal.[29]

Reorganization, financial struggles (2010–2012)

[edit]

In February 2010, THQ announced that Juice Games and Rainbow Studios would be part of a reshuffle, and would now bear the title THQ Digital Warrington and THQ Digital Phoenix, respectively. The merger reportedly led to 60 job losses between THQ's US Rainbow studio and the UK Juice Game's studio.[30]

In August 2010, THQ unveiled the uDraw GameTablet, a $70 accessory for Nintendo's Wii console that let gamers draw and play on their television screens. The white, 9-by-7-inch peripheral houses a Wii Remote on the left, with a doodle pad and tethered stylus on the right. THQ said more software for the uDraw would launch every couple of months.[31]

In January 2011, THQ sold off its THQ Wireless division to a Swedish mobile company called 24MAS.[32] On January 12, 2011, THQ unveiled its new logo.[33] In March 2011, THQ, after its game Homefront was released, suffered a 26% stock drop. The large drop was speculated to be a result of Homefront's poor reception.[34] On June 13, 2011, THQ announced the closure of Kaos Studios (the developer of Homefront)[35] and THQ Digital Warrington (formerly Juice Games).[36]

On July 27, 2011, THQ announced it was dropping the long-running Red Faction franchise. This was believed to be due to the poor reception over the latest game in the franchise, Red Faction: Armageddon.[37] In the same year on August 9, 2011, THQ announced it would shift its development focus away from licensed kids and movie-based titles by closing down THQ Studio Australia and Blue Tongue in order to focus on "high-quality owned IP." The company also closed down THQ Digital Phoenix (formerly Rainbow Studios), thus dropping the MX vs. ATV franchise.[38][39][40]

In November 2011, a uDraw for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 was released.[41] However, it was a commercial failure,[42] and is considered one of the main causes of the financial woes that broke up the company.[43][44]

In January 2012, THQ announced that it was exiting the licensed kids game business to focus on adult core gaming, but would continue to sell previously released titles.[45] In February 2012, THQ also discontinued the uDraw GameTablet for the same reason.[46]

In May 2012, THQ reported a net loss of $239.9 million for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2012. The loss was $100 million more than the previous fiscal year's loss of $136.1 million.[47] That same month, Jason Rubin was appointed president of the company.[48]

THQ filed a notice with the SEC on May 25 for a June 29 stockholder's meeting, where THQ asked stockholders to approve a reverse split of the company's common stock.[49] On June 4, 2012, THQ announced a deal to turn over their license for UFC games to Electronic Arts.[50] In July 2012, THQ reported that its stockholders had approved the 1-for-10 reverse share split of its common stock to avert a delisting from the NASDAQ.[51]

Bankruptcy and liquidation, THQ Nordic (2012–2013)

[edit]

On November 13, 2012, THQ reported that they could not repay a $50 million loan from Wells Fargo, and were on the verge of Chapter 11 bankruptcy. With its stock price plummeting from early November values bordering on $3 down to $1.16 and with long-term liabilities of $250 million, THQ was forced to delay the release dates of its flagship titles Company of Heroes 2 and Metro: Last Light to March 2013.[52] On November 29, 2012, THQ partnered with Humble Bundle to launch the Humble THQ Bundle in an effort to raise more money.[53] By December 12, 2012, THQ sold nearly 800,000 bundles, raising around $5 million;[54] THQ President Jason Rubin also made a purchase, spending $11,050 on the bundle.[55] On December 19, 2012, just days after the Humble THQ bundle ended, THQ filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy with the intention of selling THQ and all of its assets to Clearlake Capital with Centerview Partners handling the sale.[56][57] Skip Paul, a former colleague of Jason Rubin, helped orchestrate the proposed stalking horse bid from Clearlake Capital Group.[58]

However, the bid was ultimately denied by Judge Mary F. Walrath and creditors instead approved an individual auction of THQ's properties, which went ahead on January 22, 2013, one day prior to closure.[59][60] At the auction, the Homefront franchise was acquired by Crytek (and was later acquired by Koch Media),[61] Relic Entertainment and the video game rights to the Warhammer 40,000 series were sold to Sega, and the publishing rights to Turtle Rock Studios' Evolve and the WWE series were acquired by Take-Two Interactive. Ubisoft acquired THQ Montreal and the publishing rights to South Park: The Stick of Truth while Volition and the publishing rights to the Metro franchise were acquired by Koch Media. Vigil Games and THQ's publishing unit were still included in the Chapter 11 case, although all employees related to these entities were laid off.[62][63][64] In a posting on Twitter on January 23, PlatinumGames' producer Atsushi Inaba expressed interest in acquiring the Darksiders franchise from THQ.[65]

On February 26, THQ announced that it would sell off its remaining properties – the Darksiders, Homeworld, Red Faction, and Destroy All Humans! franchises, as well as its licensed and original properties – in a court-approved auction which would be held from April 1 to 15, with the process completed by May.[66] Around the same time, THQ shut down the servers to the 2012 remake of Nexuiz, which was developed by IllFonic.[67] In June 2013, Interplay Entertainment acquired the rights to the Freespace franchise from THQ.[68]

All of THQ's remaining franchises, including the remainder of its original IPs (aside from Homeworld, which was acquired by Gearbox Software, and Drawn to Life, acquired by 505 Games) and licensed software, were auctioned to Nordic Games for $4.9 million in April 2013.[69] The Nickelodeon game license was acquired by Activision.[70] This would later expire, with Nickelodeon licensing out their franchises through various smaller publishers, including Nordic.[71]

Creditors initially said the proposed sale of THQ in the bankruptcy court benefited current THQ management, including Rubin.[72] Presiding Judge Walwrath called these criticisms a "conspiracy theory" on record.[73] Creditors ultimately released THQ management, including Rubin, of any malfeasance in the company's official plan of liquidation.[74]

The liquidation of THQ also affected other studios; British developer Blitz Games Studios shut down in September 2013, citing financial difficulties. The company's CEO Philip Oliver said that the demise of THQ, who was a major client for the studio, was one of the major contributing factors to the closure.[75]

On June 12, 2014, Nordic Games announced that it had acquired the THQ trademark, allowing the studio to publish games under the THQ name.[76] In August 2016, the company was renamed THQ Nordic in an effort to better associate itself with the historic brand.[77]

Subsidiaries

[edit]

Development

[edit]
Name Location Acquired/established Divested Fate
Black Pearl Software Chicago[78] June 1993[78] — Intent to dissolve stated in September 1997;[79] in dissolution by November 2000[80]
Heliotrope Studios Guilford, Connecticut[81] August 2, 1996[81][82] May 1998[83] Dissolved due to THQ's acquisition of GameFX[83]
GameFX Arlington, Massachusetts[84] May 1, 1998[85] — In dissolution by November 2002[86]
Locomotive Games Santa Clara, California[87] May 24, 1999[88][89] November 3, 2008[90] Renamed from Pacific Coast Power & Light in April 2005;[87] closed by THQ[90]
Heavy Iron Studios Los Angeles[91] September 1999[92] March 2009[93] Spun off into an independent company[93]
Genetic Anomalies Lexington, Massachusetts[91] December 13, 1999[89] — —
Volition Champaign, Illinois[91] August 31, 2000[91] January 23, 2013[94] Sold to Deep Silver as part of THQ's bankruptcy proceedings[94]
Helixe Burlington, Massachusetts[91] July 2000[95] November 3, 2008[90] Closed by THQ[90]
Cedar Ridge Construction Grass Valley, California[96] May 2001[96] 2001[96] Merged into Pacific Coast Power & Light[96]
THQ Digital Studios Phoenix Phoenix, Arizona[96] December 21, 2001[96][97] August 9, 2011[98] Renamed from Rainbow Studios in February 2010;[99] closed by THQ[98]
Sandblast Games Kirkland, Washington[100] February 2002[96] November 3, 2008[90] Formerly named Cranky Pants Games;[100] closed by THQ[90]
Outrage Games Ann Arbor, Michigan[96] March 2002[96] 2003[101] Closed by THQ[102]
THQ Studio Australia Brisbane[103] 2003[103] August 9, 2011[98] Closed by THQ[98]
Relic Entertainment Vancouver[87] April 2004[104] January 23, 2013[94] Sold to Sega as part of THQ's bankruptcy proceedings[94]
Concrete Games San Diego[87] 2004[105] January 23, 2008[106] Closed by THQ[106]
Blue Tongue Entertainment Melbourne[87] November 17, 2004[107] August 9, 2011[98] Closed by THQ[98]
Kaos Studios New York City[108] February 3, 2006[109] June 13, 2011[110] Closed by THQ[110]
THQ Digital Studios Warrington Warrington[108] March 6, 2006[111] June 13, 2011[110] Renamed from Juice Games in February 2010;[99] closed by THQ[110]
Vigil Games Austin, Texas[108] March 17, 2006[112] January 23, 2013[113] Closed as part of THQ's bankruptcy proceedings[113]
Incinerator Studios Carlsbad, California[93] July 18, 2006[108][114] March 2009[93] Spun off into an independent company[93]
Paradigm Entertainment Dallas[115] July 25, 2006[116] November 3, 2008[90] Closed by THQ[90]
Mass Media Games Moorpark, California[115] February 2, 2007[117] November 3, 2008[90] Closed by THQ[90]
Big Huge Games Timonium, Maryland[118] January 18, 2008[118] May 27, 2009[119] Sold to 38 Studios[119]
Universomo Tampere[118] May 2007[118] March 2, 2010[120] Closed by THQ[120]
THQ San Diego San Diego[121] August 12, 2009[121] June 4, 2012[122] Formerly known as Midway San Diego;[121] closed by THQ[122]
THQ Montreal Montreal[123] October 19, 2010[123] January 23, 2013[94] Sold to Ubisoft as part of THQ's bankruptcy proceedings[94]

Publishing

[edit]
Name Location Acquired/established Divested Fate
THQ Entertainment Kaarst[85] December 2, 1998[85] — Renamed from Rushware in December 2000[124]
THQ Wireless — May 2001[125] February 8, 2011[126] Sold to 24MAS[126]
ValuSoft Waconia, Minnesota[127] July 1, 2002[87] April 25, 2012[128] Sold to Cosmi Corporation[128]
XDG (External Development Group) — March 2006[129] — —
Elephant Entertainment Minneapolis[118] April 1, 2008[130] — —

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Peltz, James F. (December 24, 1991). "THQ's Video-Game Success Comes With Betting on Winners". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Investor Relations". THQ. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008.
  3. ^ Carlsen, Clifford (September 10, 1990). "Broderbund Software Inc. jettisons Nintendo, games. (THQ Inc. buys New Ventures division from Broderbund)". San Francisco Business Times. Archived from the original on January 27, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
  4. ^ "N.Y. Company to Acquire Game Firm in Stock Swap". Los Angeles Times. May 21, 1991. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  5. ^ "THQ Inc. to Acquire Black Pearl Software". Los Angeles Times. March 8, 1993. Archived from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  6. ^ a b "Investor Relations". THQ.Inc. Archived from the original on August 27, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2012.
  7. ^ "ProNews" (PDF). GamePro. June 1994. p. 186. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
  8. ^ Nelson, Valerie J. (May 6, 2010). "Jack Friedman dies at 70; toy maker". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 15, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  9. ^ "Press release: 1995-01-04: T-HQ shows new lineup of portable video games and XBAND video game modem at 1995 Winter CES". The Free Library. January 4, 1995.
  10. ^ "Kokopeli Digital Studios". MobyGames. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  11. ^ "San Jose Game Developer Now Subsidiary of THQ". Los Angeles Times. June 1, 1999. Archived from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  12. ^ "Life After Attitude". April 8, 1999.
  13. ^ "THQ, Jakks Team for Wrestling Video Games". Los Angeles Times. June 16, 1998.
  14. ^ "THQ Grabs Old Power Rangers by the Cane". IGN. July 8, 1999. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  15. ^ "THQ TO DEVELOP TWO MICRO MACHINE TITLES FOR GAME BOY". Free Online Library. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  16. ^ "Spector, Roseman and Kodroff, P.C. Announces Class Action Lawsuit Against THQ, INC". February 20, 2000. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2013.
  17. ^ "THQ Announces Acquisition of Vigil Games". THQ. March 16, 2006. Archived from the original on September 2, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
  18. ^ "THQ and Fox Partner for the Game Boy". GameSpot. Archived from the original on August 20, 2015. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  19. ^ "THQ and Nickelodeon expand partnership". GameSpot. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  20. ^ "Nick And THQ Announce New Videogame Development Deal". Animation World Network. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  21. ^ Tran, Khanh T. L. (February 13, 2002). "Video-Game Maker Turns Its Focus To Kids in Deal With Nickelodeon". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  22. ^ "THQ signs multi-platform publishing agreement with MGA Entertainment for Bratz". GamesIndustry.biz. September 24, 2004. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  23. ^ Dring, Christopher (March 7, 2008). "THQ announces cheerleading game | Games industry news". MCV. Archived from the original on February 18, 2009. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  24. ^ Dring, Christopher (March 7, 2008). "THQ announces cheerleading game". MCV. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  25. ^ Faylor, Chris (November 3, 2008). "THQ Closes Five Studios". ShackNews. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  26. ^ Ransom-Wiley, James (November 5, 2008). "THQ reveals 'Significant Business Realignment'". Engadget. Archived from the original on April 1, 2009. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  27. ^ Pham, Alex (March 5, 2009). "Video game maker THQ plays defense". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  28. ^ "THQ To Obtain Midway's San Diego Studio". Gamer Daily News. August 9, 2009. Archived from the original on August 13, 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  29. ^ "THQ, WWE AND Jakks Pacific Announce Settlement of Long-Standing Litigation".
  30. ^ "THQ Biggest Loser Works Out for Profit". SPOnG.com. February 4, 2010. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
  31. ^ Saltzman, Marc (August 27, 2010). "Saltzman: Katy Perry gets her Revenge". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on August 30, 2010. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  32. ^ "24MAS acquires THQ's Wireless Operations". February 8, 2011. Archived from the original on March 1, 2014. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
  33. ^ Chester, Nick (January 12, 2012). "THQ reveals new logo for 'new THQ' (Update)". Destructoid. Archived from the original on October 29, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2012.
  34. ^ "THQ Stock Price Drops 26%". TheSixthAxis. March 16, 2011. Archived from the original on March 19, 2011. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  35. ^ Crossley, Rob (June 13, 2011). "THQ to axe Homefront studio Kaos [Update 2]". MCV. Archived from the original on June 16, 2011. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  36. ^ French, Michael (June 13, 2011). "THQ to cut down UK studio [Update 2]". MCV. Archived from the original on June 16, 2011. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  37. ^ Dutton, Fred (July 27, 2011). "THQ abandons Red Faction franchise". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on August 7, 2011. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  38. ^ David Hinkle (August 9, 2011). "THQ lets 200 go, shifts development focus away from kids and licensed titles". Engadget. Archived from the original on January 18, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  39. ^ Mark Serrels (August 10, 2011). "THQ Closes Blue Tongue And THQ Brisbane To Focus On 'High-Quality Owned IP'". Kotaku Australia. Archived from the original on October 1, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  40. ^ Richard Mitchell (August 8, 2011). "THQ 'not to actively pursue further development' of MX vs ATV franchise". Engadget. Archived from the original on March 1, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  41. ^ Eykemans, Peter (November 18, 2011). "uDraw Gametablet Impressions". IGN. Archived from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
  42. ^ Dutton, Fred (February 2, 2012). "THQ details full extent of uDraw disaster". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on January 9, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  43. ^ Dodson, Don (January 20, 2013). "THQ auction clouds Volition future". News-Gazette (Champaign-Urbana). Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  44. ^ Daniel Nye Griffiths (January 24, 2013). "The Break Up – Bankrupt THQ's Assets Sold At Auction". Forbes. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  45. ^ Savitz, Eric (January 25, 2012). "THQ To Exit Kids Game Market; What Now For SpongeBob?". Forbes. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  46. ^ "THQ details full extent of uDraw disaster". Eurogamer. February 2, 2012. Archived from the original on January 9, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  47. ^ Conditt, Jessica (May 15, 2012). "THQ sees net loss of $239.9 million, still in business". Engadget. Archived from the original on July 19, 2012. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  48. ^ "Jason Rubin from Naughty Dog Appointed as President of THQ". Planet Xbox360. Archived from the original on September 6, 2012. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  49. ^ Peterson, Steve (May 26, 2012). "THQ plans reverse stock split". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on October 3, 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  50. ^ Plunkett, Luke (June 4, 2012). "EA Gets the UFC License, Will Make Games For Years, Dana White Looks Uncomfortable". Kotaku. Archived from the original on June 7, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  51. ^ "UPDATE 1-THQ Inc announces 1 for 10 reverse stock split". Reuters. July 2, 2012. Archived from the original on August 2, 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  52. ^ "THQ, Inc. (NASDAQ:THQI) On the Verge of Bankruptcy". Gamer Daily News. November 13, 2012. Archived from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  53. ^ "The Humble THQ Bundle Has Arrived". Humble Bundle. Archived from the original on September 14, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  54. ^ Agnello, Anthony J. (November 30, 2012). "Humble Bundle THQ sale raises over $2.3 million with help from CEO". Digital Trends. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  55. ^ Good, Owen (December 15, 2012). "Who was the Biggest Beneficiary of THQ's $5 Million Humble Bundle?". Kotaku. Archived from the original on December 18, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  56. ^ Petitte, Omri (December 19, 2012). "THQ declares bankruptcy, will continue publishing duties". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  57. ^ "Transactions". Centerview Partners. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2013.
  58. ^ Barnes, Brooks (April 25, 2010). "Longtime Hollywood Hand Is Joining Boutique Bank". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 29, 2013. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  59. ^ Savage, Phil (January 8, 2013). "THQ's franchises and studios to be auctioned off on a "title by title" basis". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on January 13, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  60. ^ "THQ's Quick Sale Denied, Individual Franchises Up for Offer". Tom's Hardware. January 9, 2013. Archived from the original on July 17, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2013.
  61. ^ Pereira, Chris (July 30, 2014). "Crytek No Longer Developing Homefront, Sells Rights to Publisher Deep Silver". GameSpot. Archived from the original on August 2, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  62. ^ Fritz, Ben (January 23, 2013). "THQ bankruptcy auction closes; video game rivals pick up assets". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 31, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  63. ^ Bathon, Michael (February 13, 2013). "Take-Two to Take Over Development of WWE Games From THQ". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  64. ^ Goldfarb, Andrew (January 23, 2013). "THQ Dissolved, Saints Row, Company of Heroes Devs Acquired". IGN. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
  65. ^ "Platinum Games boss expresses interest in buying Darksiders on Twitter". Polygon. January 24, 2013. Archived from the original on January 27, 2013. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  66. ^ Parker, Laura (February 26, 2013). "THQ to sell remainder of intellectual properties". Gamespot. Archived from the original on September 16, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  67. ^ Tach, Dave (February 27, 2013). "Nexuiz Xbox 360 servers taken offline". Polygon. Archived from the original on August 14, 2016. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  68. ^ Savage, Phil (June 7, 2013). "Freespace IP returns to Interplay for just $7,500". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
  69. ^ "Going once, going twice! Gearbox picks up Homeworld in THQ auction". Ars Technica. April 22, 2013. Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  70. ^ Kim Schmierer (July 31, 2013). "Spongebob License Bought Out By Activision". ZoKnowsGaming. Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
  71. ^ Romano, Sal (March 21, 2018). "THQ Nordic and Nickelodeon to revive several select game titles from the past". Gematsu. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
  72. ^ "Lazard: Blockbuster's Game Expansion No Problem For GameStop". Game Developer. April 29, 2008. Archived from the original on October 12, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  73. ^ In Re: THQ, Inc., et al., Case No. 12-13398-MFW (Bankr. Ct., D. Del.), Transcript of Hearing on January 4, 2013 (pp. 238–239); lines 24-2. A copy may be viewed at the Office of the Clerk, District of Delaware Bankruptcy Court, or by contacting Transcriber Reliable at 302-654-8080.
  74. ^ "Disclosure statement for the first amended Chapter 11 plan of liquidation of THQ Inc. and its affiliated debtors". May 28, 2013. p. 154. Archived from the original on May 10, 2015. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  75. ^ Lee, Dave (September 12, 2013). "UK games developer Blitz Games Studios shuts down". BBC News. Archived from the original on September 14, 2013. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
  76. ^ "THQ trademark acquired by Nordic Games". Polygon. June 12, 2014. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
  77. ^ Takahashi, Dean (August 12, 2016). "Nordic Games brings back the THQ name, rebrands as THQ Nordic". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  78. ^ a b "THQ Inc. to Acquire Black Pearl Software". Los Angeles Times. June 8, 1993. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  79. ^ "Form 10-Q". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. November 13, 1997. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  80. ^ "Form 10-Q". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. November 11, 2000. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  81. ^ a b "Stock Purchase Agreement – THQ Inc., Heliotrope Studios Inc., Andrew Sispoidis and Peter G. Sispoidis". Onecle. August 2, 1996. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  82. ^ "Form 10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 31, 1997. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  83. ^ a b "Form 8-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 8, 1999. Archived from the original on February 25, 2017. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  84. ^ "Agreement of Merger – THQ Inc. and GameFX Inc". Onecle. April 17, 1998. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  85. ^ a b c "Form 10-K405". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 13, 1999. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  86. ^ "THQ Inc.Form 10-Q September 30, 2002". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. November 14, 2002. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  87. ^ a b c d e f "10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. June 10, 2005. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  88. ^ "Agreement of Merger – THQ Inc. and Pacific Coast Power & Light Co". Onecle. May 10, 1999. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  89. ^ a b "Form 10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 28, 2000. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  90. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Faylor, Chris (November 3, 2008). "THQ Closes Five Studios (Updated)". Shacknews. Archived from the original on April 28, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  91. ^ a b c d e "Form 10-K405 Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2000". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 29, 2001. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  92. ^ "Form 10-Q (09/30/1999)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. November 15, 1999. Archived from the original on April 29, 2017. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  93. ^ a b c d e Martin, Matt (March 18, 2009). "THQ to sell Big Huge Games or close studio". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  94. ^ a b c d e f Matulef, Jeffrey (January 23, 2013). "THQ is no more. This is where its assets went". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  95. ^ "About". Helixe. Archived from the original on April 7, 2001.
  96. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Form 10-K for the Period Ended 12/31/2001". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 22, 2002. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  97. ^ "Agreement of Merger – THQ Inc. and Rainbow Multimedia Group Inc". Onecle. December 21, 2001. Archived from the original on April 10, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  98. ^ a b c d e f McWhertor, Michael (August 9, 2011). "THQ Cuts 200 Jobs, MX vs. ATV Series, de Blob Studio and More". Kotaku. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  99. ^ a b Sinclair, Brendan (February 3, 2010). "Juice Games, Rainbow Studios get downloadable focus, layoffs". GameSpot. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  100. ^ a b Remo, Chris (April 30, 2008). "Report: THQ's Rainbow, Sandblast Studios See Layoffs". Game Developer. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  101. ^ "10-Q". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. August 14, 2003. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  102. ^ Klum, Marcel (July 16, 2004). "Outrage Closed Down". Neowin. Archived from the original on October 21, 2014. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  103. ^ a b Parker, Laura (March 30, 2009). "Oz Developer Watch: THQ Studio Australia". GameSpot. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  104. ^ "10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. June 14, 2004. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  105. ^ Wilson, Andrew; Carless, Simon (October 27, 2004). "THQ Reports Loss For Q2, New San Diego Studio". Game Developer. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  106. ^ a b Linde, Aaron (January 23, 2008). "THQ Cancels Frontlines PS3, Closes Concrete Games; No More Juiced or Stuntman Titles". Shacknews. Archived from the original on December 21, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  107. ^ Fahey, Rob (November 17, 2004). "THQ expands Australian presence with Blue Tongue buyout". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  108. ^ a b c d "Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 and 15(D)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. June 7, 2006. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  109. ^ Carless, Simon (February 3, 2006). "THQ Announces Formation Of Kaos Studios". Game Developer. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  110. ^ a b c d Pearson, Dan (June 13, 2011). "THQ closes Kaos and Warrington studios". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  111. ^ Carless, Simon (March 6, 2006). "THQ Acquires UK Developer Juice Games". Game Developer. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  112. ^ Haynes, Jeff (March 17, 2006). "THQ Acquires Vigil Games". IGN. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  113. ^ a b Goldfarb, Andrew (January 23, 2013). "THQ Dissolved, Saints Row, Company of Heroes Devs Acquired". IGN. Archived from the original on February 3, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  114. ^ Hatfield, Daemon (July 18, 2006). "THQ Incinerates". IGN. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  115. ^ a b "10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. May 30, 2007. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  116. ^ Dobson, Jason (July 25, 2006). "THQ Completes Purchase Of Paradigm Entertainment". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  117. ^ Ransom-Wiley, James (February 2, 2007). "Mass Media joins THQ family". Engadget. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  118. ^ a b c d e "10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. May 28, 2008. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  119. ^ a b Martin, Matt (May 27, 2009). "38 Studios acquires Big Huge Games". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  120. ^ a b Buchanan, Levi (March 2, 2010). "THQ Closes Universomo". IGN. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  121. ^ a b c Thorsen, Tor (August 12, 2009). "THQ buys Midway San Diego for $200K". GameSpot. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  122. ^ a b McElroy, Griffin (June 4, 2012). "THQ San Diego shuttered as UFC rights pass to EA". Polygon. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  123. ^ a b Alexander, Leigh (October 19, 2010). "THQ To Open Montreal Studio Led By Assassin's Creed's Desilets". Game Developer. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
  124. ^ "Rushware jetzt THQ" [Rushware now THQ]. GamesMakrt (in German). February 12, 2002. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  125. ^ Steininger, Stefan (January 9, 2002). "THQ forciert den Mobile Games-Markt" [THQ pushes the mobile games market]. GamesMarkt (in German). Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  126. ^ a b Duryee, Tricia (February 8, 2011). "THQ Wireless Sells to Mobile Advertising Company 24MAS". All Things Digital. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  127. ^ "10-K". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 31, 2003. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  128. ^ a b Brightman, James (April 25, 2012). "THQ sells its ValuSoft division to Cosmi". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  129. ^ Loughrey, Paul (March 15, 2006). "THQ establishes outsourcing unit". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  130. ^ Androvich, Mark (April 1, 2008). "THQ expands casual games portfolio". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=THQ&oldid=1258930657#Subsidiaries"