Kangean shama
| Kangean shama | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Muscicapidae |
| Genus: | Copsychus |
| Species: | C. nigricauda
|
| Binomial name | |
| Copsychus nigricauda (Vorderman, 1893)
| |
The Kangean shama (Copsychus nigricauda) is a medium sized passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae that is endemic to the Kangean Islands in Indonesia. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the white-rumped shama. The species may be extinct in the wild.
Taxonomy
[edit]The Kangean shama was formally described in 1893 by the Dutch scientist Adolphe Vorderman under the binomial name Cittocincla nigricauda.[1][2] The specific epithet combines the Latin niger meaning "black" with cauda meaning "tail".[3] The Kangean shama is now placed with 16 other species in the genus Copsychus that was introduced in 1827 by the German naturalist Johann Georg Wagler.[4] It was formerly considered as subspecies of the white-rumped shama (Copsychus malabaricus) but is now treated as a separate species based on morphological differences and a molecular genetic study of museum specimens published in 2022.[4][5] The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.[4]
Description
[edit]The Kangean shama has glossy blue-black upperparts, bright chestnut underparts apart from a white vent, a white rump and an almost entirely black tail with white tips to the outer feathers. The sexes are similar in plumage but the tail is shorter in females.[6]
Conservation status
[edit]The Kangean shama is highly threated by the pet trade and is possibly extinct in the wild.[6][7][8]
References
[edit]- ^ Vorderman, Adolphe (1893). "Bijdrage tot de kennis der vogels van den Kangean-archipel". Natuurkundig tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië (in Dutch). 52: 181-208 [197-198].
- ^ Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 72.
- ^ Jobling, James A. "nigricauda". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
- ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Chats, Old World flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
- ^ Wu, M.Y.; Lau, C.J.; Ng, E.Y.X.; Baveja, P.; Gwee, C.Y.; Sadanandan, K.; Ferasyi, T.R.; Haminuddin; Ramadhan, R.; Menner, J.K.; Rheindt, F.E. (2022). "Genomes from historic DNA unveil massive hidden extinction and terminal endangerment in a tropical Asian songbird radiation". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 39 (9): msac189. doi:10.1093/molbev/msac189. PMC 9486911.
- ^ a b Berryman, A.J.; Collar, N.; Kirwan, G.M. (2024). Keeney, B.K.; Billerman, S.M. (eds.). "Kangean Shama (Copsychus nigricauda), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
- ^ Berryman, Alex J. (2023). "Another Indonesian songbird on the brink of extinction: is it too late for the Kangean shama?". Oryx. 57 (5): 556–557. doi:10.1017/S0030605323000996.
- ^ Eaton, J.; Shepherd, C.; Rheindt, F.; Harris, J.B.C.; van Balen, B.; Wilcove, D.; Collar, N. (2015). "Trade-driven extinctions and near-extinctions of avian taxa in Sundaic Indonesia". Forktail. 31: 1–12.