Hyloxalus sauli
| Hyloxalus sauli | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Dendrobatidae |
| Genus: | Hyloxalus |
| Species: | H. sauli
|
| Binomial name | |
| Hyloxalus sauli (Edwards, 1974)
| |
| Synonyms[2] | |
|
Colostethus sauli Edwards, 1974 | |
Hyloxalus sauli is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on the eastern Andean slopes in Putumayo, Colombia, and in Sucumbíos, Napo, Orellana, and Pastaza Provinces, Ecuador.[2][3][4] It is named after William Saul from the University of Kansas Natural History Museum.[4][5]
Description
[edit]Males measure 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in) and females 22–29 mm (0.87–1.14 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsum and flanks are coffee-coloured; dorsum has three large blotches. There is a complete, pale oblique lateral stripe. Most individuals also have a ventrolateral stripe that is complete, diffuse, or interrupted.[4][6] There is some sexual dimorphism in ventral coloration.[5]
Reproduction
[edit]Male call is a series of two or three quickly repeated peeps.[7] Males and females form pairs and defend territories that can be stable over several months. These are defined by deep burrows used as shelter. Fecundity of females is 6–11 oocytes (based on three females), whereas males have been recorded carrying clutches of 9–13 tadpoles.[4]
The tadpoles are clear-brown in color with other brown marks and a black mark on the tail.[5]
Habitat and conservation
[edit]Hyloxalus sauli occurs in primary and secondary forests at elevations of 200–800 m (660–2,620 ft) above sea level. It lives under leaf-litter near streams and on overhanging banks of permanent streams.[1][4]
The frog's range includes several protected parks in Ecuador but none in Colombia: Parque Nacional Yasuní, Reserva de Producción de Fauna Cuyabeno, Reserva Biológica Limoncocha, Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini.[1]
Hyloxalus sauli is relatively widespread but uncommon species. It is assessed as being of "least concern", but habitat loss and degradation can be localised threats. The IUCN cites habitat loss in favor of agriculture, mining, livestock cultivation, and logging as threats.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2023). "Choco Rocket Frog: Hyloxalus sauli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023: e.T55148A85890173. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T55148A85890173.en. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Hyloxalus sauli (Edwards, 1974)". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ^ Acosta Galvis, A. R. (2020). "Hyloxalus sauli (Edwards, 1974)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia: Referencia en linea V.10.2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Ron, S. R.; et al. (2018). Ron, S. R.; Merino-Viteri, A. & Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "'Hyloxalus sauli". Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2019.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ^ a b c Santiago R. Ron; Diego A. Ortiz; Luis A. Coloma; Caty Frenkel (April 30, 2013). Santiago R. Ron (ed.). "Hyloxalus sauli (Edwards, 1974)". AmphibiaWeb (in Spanish). University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
- ^ Páez-Vacas, M.; L. A. Coloma & J. C. Santos (2019). "Systematics of the Hyloxalus bocagei complex (Anura: Dendrobatidae), description of two new cryptic species, and recognition of H. maculosus". Zootaxa. 2711: 1–75. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2711.1.1. S2CID 89977551.
- ^ Coloma, L. A. (1995). "Ecuadorian frogs of the genus Colostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae)". Miscellaneous Publication, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 87: 1–72.