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Maakhir

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Maakhir State of Somalia
ولاية ماخر الصومال
Close up of Makhir State Map
Makhir official flag
2007–2009
Motto: Diinta, Saldanada iyo Somalinimo ayaan isu sadqaynaynaa!
Anthem: Saldanada Saatir ha saraysiiyo abidkeed
Location of Maakhir
CapitalBadhan
Common languagesSomali Makhiri
Demonym(s)Makhiri
President 
History 
• Declared
26 May 2007
• Disestablished
2009
CurrencySomali shilling
Calling code252
Internet TLD.so
 Succeeded by
Puntland
Today part ofSomalia

Maakhir (Somali: Maamul Goboleedka Maakhir, Arabic: ماخر Mākhir), officially the Maakhir State of Somalia (Somali: Maamul Goboleedka Maakhir; Arabic: ولاية ماخر الصومال Wilāyah Mākhir al-Ṣūmāl) was a short-lived quasi-state in the Sanaag region of eastern Somalia formed in 2007.[1][2][3] It rejoined Puntland in 2009.[4]

History

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Maakhir is the only Somali territory to never be ruled by a foreign power. Until 1949, the northern region of Somalia (including Maakhir, which was fully autonomous) was known to the Western world as British Somaliland.[1] Maakhir refers to the area historically governed by the Warsangali Sultanate, which existed for centuries and played a significant role in the early 20th century.[5]

Military operations

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In February 2008, Somaliland armed forces laid siege to Hadaftimo, causing a state of emergency before the troops withdrew into Erigavo. Maakhir responded by increasing its military presence in Erigavo.[6]

On 9 July, hostilities were reignited when Somaliland troops invaded and occupied Laas Qoray port, under the pretense of rescuing German citizens who were allegedly being held hostage by pirates in the area.[7]

References

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  1. ^ Piskunova, Natalia (2013). "State Failure in the Contemporary International System: New Trends, New Threats". In Krishna-Hensel, Sai Felicia (ed.). Order and Disorder in the International System. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 115–130. ISBN 9781409489078.
  2. ^ Yuusuf, Muuse (20 May 2021). The Genesis of the Civil War in Somalia: The Impact of Foreign Military Intervention on the Conflict. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-7556-2711-0.
  3. ^ Krishna-Hensel, Sai Felicia (2010). Order and disorder in the international system. Global interdisciplinary studies series. Farnham, England Burlington, VT: Ashgate. p. 127. ISBN 978-1-4094-0505-4.
  4. ^ Lund, Christian; Eilenberg, Michael, eds. (2017). Rule and rupture: state formation through the production of property and citizenship. Development and change book series. Chichester, UK ; Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. p. 197. ISBN 978-1-119-38479-3.
  5. ^ Marchal, Roland (2010). The Puntland State of Somalia. A Tentative Social Analysis (Report).
  6. ^ The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland.
  7. ^ CIIDAMADA SOMALILAND OO DHAAWAC U GAYSTAY MID KA MID AH DADKA XUSUL DUUBKA UGU JIRA SII DAYNTA DADKA AFDUUBKA LOO HAYSTO. (Somali)

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