Nitryl chloride

Nitryl chloride
	; Ball model of nitryl chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13444-90-1;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:142774;
ChemSpider	10446393;
PubChem CID	15431084;
UNII	UJ70MC62I8;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID601317066 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClH.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h1H;1H/p-1 Key: HSSFHZJIMRUXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M;
	SMILES [O-][N+](=O)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	ClNO2
Molar mass	81.46 g·mol−1
Melting point	−145 °C (−229 °F; 128 K)
Boiling point	−15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)
Related compounds
Other anions	nitryl fluoride, nitryl bromide
Other cations	nitrosyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride
Related compounds	chloro nitrite, chlorine nitrate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Nitryl chloride is a volatile inorganic compound with formula ClNO₂. At standard conditions it is a gas.

Formation

Nitryl chloride can be formed in the reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with chlorides or hydrogen chloride:^[1]^[2]

N₂O₅ + 2HCl → 2ClNO₂ + H₂O

N₂O₅ + NaCl → ClNO₂ + NaNO₃

Nitryl chloride adds to olefins in a radical reaction.^[3]

^ Gerber, R. Benny; Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J.; Hammerich, Audrey Dell (2015-07-15). "Mechanism for formation of atmospheric Cl atom precursors in the reaction of dinitrogen oxides with HCl/Cl− on aqueous films" (PDF). Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 17 (29): 19360–19370. Bibcode:2015PCCP...1719360H. doi:10.1039/C5CP02664D. ISSN 1463-9084. PMID 26140681. S2CID 39157816.
^ Kelleher, Patrick J.; Menges, Fabian S.; DePalma, Joseph W.; Denton, Joanna K.; Johnson, Mark A.; Weddle, Gary H.; Hirshberg, Barak; Gerber, R. Benny (2017-09-18). "Trapping and Structural Characterization of the XNO2·NO3– (X = Cl, Br, I) Exit Channel Complexes in the Water-Mediated X– + N2O5 Reactions with Cryogenic Vibrational Spectroscopy". The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 8 (19): 4710–4715. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02120. ISSN 1948-7185. PMID 28898581.
^ Stacey, F. W.; Harris, J. F., Jr. (2004-04-30). "Formation of carbon-hetero atom bonds by free-radical chain additions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds". In Denmark, Scott E. (ed.). Organic Reactions (1 ed.). Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471264180.or013.04. ISBN 978-0-471-26418-7.