Uru–Chipaya languages
| Uru–Chipaya | |
|---|---|
| Uruquilla | |
| Geographic distribution | Lakes Titicaca and Poopo, Bolivia |
| Ethnicity | Uru |
| Linguistic classification | One of the world's primary language families |
| Subdivisions |
|
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | uruc1242 |
 Current distribution of Uru-Chipaya-speaking peoples | |
The Uru–Chipaya family is an indigenous language family of Bolivia.
The speakers were originally fishermen on the shores of Lake Titicaca, Lake Poopó, and the Desaguadero River.
Chipaya has over a thousand speakers and sees vigorous use in the native community, but all other Uru languages or dialects are extinct.
Loukotka (1968) also lists the Chango language, once spoken on the coast of Chile from Huasco to Cobija in Antofagasta Province. The population has since been Araucanized.[1]
Proposed external relationships
[edit]Stark (1972) proposed a Maya–Yunga–Chipayan macrofamily linking Mayan with Uru–Chipaya and Yunga (Mochica).[2]
Language contact
[edit]Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Kunza, Pukina, Pano, Jaqi, Kechua, Mapudungun, and Moseten-Tsimane language families due to contact.[3]
Vocabulary
[edit]Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Uro (Uru) and Chipaya.[1]
gloss Uro Chipaya one sipi shintal'a two pisk'i pishk three chepe chep head ácha acha eye shukui chuki hand kárshi kxara woman túkũ txuna water koási kuas sun túñi túñi maize tura tara
Bibliography
[edit]- Aguiló, F. (1986). El idioma de los Urus. Editora Centro Portales.
- Cerrón-Palomino, R. (2011). Chipaya. Léxico y etnotaxonomía. Lima: PUCP.
- Espinoza Soriano (1991). Proto-Takanan and Uru-Chipaya: genetic relationship or ancient loans? Comunicação apresentada em: Conferencia Internacional sobre Lenguaje, Política Oficial sobre el Lenguaje y Política Educativa en los Andes, 28–30 October 1991. Newark: University of Delaware.
- Hannẞ, K. (2008). Uchumataqu: The lost language of the Urus of Bolivia. A grammatical description of the language as documented between 1894 and 1952 (ILLA, 7). Leiden: CNWS Publications.
- Nimuendajú, K. (1928-1929). Wortliste der Šipáya-Indianer. Anthropos, 23:821-850, 24:863-896.
- Snethlage, E. (1932). Chipaya- und Curuaya-Wörter. Anthropos, 27:65-93.
- Vellard, J. A. (1949-1951). Contribution à l'étude des Indiens Uru ou Kot'suñs. Travaux de l'Institut Français d'études Andines, 1:145-209, 2:51-89, 3:3-39.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
- ^ Stark, Louisa R. (1972). "Maya-Yunga-Chipayan: A New Linguistic Alignment". International Journal of American Linguistics. 38 (2): 119–135. doi:10.1086/465193. ISSN 0020-7071.
- ^ Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016). Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas (Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: University of Brasília.