Jump to content

Travis (chimpanzee)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Charla Nash)

Travis
Travis in 2003
SpeciesCommon chimpanzee
SexMale
Born(1995-10-21)October 21, 1995
Festus, Missouri, U.S.
DiedFebruary 16, 2009(2009-02-16) (aged 13)
Stamford, Connecticut, U.S.
Cause of deathGunshot wounds
Known forAttack on Charla Nash
Owner
  • Jerome Herold (died 2004)
  • Sandra Herold (died 2010)
Weight200 lb (91 kg)

Travis (October 21, 1995 – February 16, 2009) was a male chimpanzee who was raised by and lived with Sandra Herold in Stamford, Connecticut. On February 16, 2009, he attacked and mauled Herold's friend, Charla Nash, blinding her, severing several body parts, and lacerating her face, before he was shot and killed by responding Officer Frank Chiafari.

The incident received widespread international attention and sparked a debate over the logic and ethics of keeping primates as pets. In the aftermath, the Captive Primate Safety Act was reintroduced to add chimpanzees, among other primates, to the list of "prohibited wildlife species" that can't be sold or purchased through interstate and foreign sales. The bill died in committee but was reintroduced in 2024 and (as of August 2024) remains before Congress.[1][2]

Socialization

[edit]

Travis was born to Suzy and Coco, who were imported from Africa to the U.S. sometime in the 1970s.[3] He was born near Festus, Missouri, on October 21, 1995, at Mike and Connie Braun Casey's compound,[4] then called "Chimparty" and later renamed the Missouri Primate Foundation.[5] In a separate incident, Suzy was fatally shot following an escape in 2001.[6][7] Sandra and Jerome Herold purchased Travis for $50,000 after he was taken from Suzy at three days old.[7][8] They named him after Sandra's favorite singer, Travis Tritt.[3]

Sandra and Jerome raised Travis at their home on Rockrimmon Road in the North Stamford section of Stamford, Connecticut.[9] He was their constant companion and often accompanied them to work and on their shopping excursions in town.[9] They owned a towing company, and Travis posed for photos at the shop and rode in the tow truck, his seat belt buckled as he wore a baseball shirt.[10] He became well known in the town and had been known to greet police officers they encountered when towing cars.[9] He appeared in several television shows and commercials, including spots for Pepsi,[11] as well as on television programs including The Maury Povich Show and The Man Show,[12][13] though it has been disputed whether he is the same chimpanzee who made these appearances.[3]

Having grown up among people, Travis had been socialized to them since birth. A neighbor said he used to play around and wrestle with him. The neighbor added that Travis always knew when to stop and paid close attention to Sandra. "He listened better than my nephews," the neighbor remarked after Travis had mauled Charla.[14] He could open doors using keys, dress himself, water plants, feed hay to Sandra and Jerome's horses, eat at a table with the rest of the family, and drink wine from a stemmed glass. He was so fond of ice cream that he learned the schedules of passing ice cream trucks. He logged onto the computer to look at pictures, watched television using a remote control, and brushed his teeth using a Water Pik.[11][12][15] He weighed 200 pounds,[16] classed as "significantly obese" for a chimpanzee.[17] He enjoyed watching baseball on television.[18] He had also driven a car on several occasions.[8]

Sandra's only child, Suzan, was killed in a car accident in September 2000, and Jerome died of cancer in April 2004; as a result, Sandra regarded Travis almost as a surrogate son and pampered him.[8][9] She slept and bathed with him, saying after his death, "I'm, like, hollow now. He slept with me every night. Until you've eaten with a chimp and bathed with a chimp, you don't know a chimp."[19][20]

Incidents

[edit]

2003 incident

[edit]

In October 2003, Travis escaped from Sandra's car and held up traffic at a busy intersection; he was on the loose for several hours.[21] The incident began after a pedestrian threw an empty soda bottle at the car, which went through a partially open window and struck Travis while they were stopped at a red light.[3] Startled, he unbuckled his seat belt, got out of the car, and chased the pedestrian, but missed him. When police arrived, they lured Travis into the car several times, only for him to let himself out of another door and occasionally chase them around the car.[9]

The 2003 incident led the Connecticut General Assembly to enact a law prohibiting the ownership of primates weighing more than 50 pounds (23 kg) as pets and requiring owners of exotic pets to apply for permits. The new law took effect in 2009, and as of Travis's death later that year, no one in the state had applied to adopt a chimpanzee. The Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) did not enforce the law on Sandra and Jerome because they had owned Travis for so long, and the DEP did not believe he posed a public safety risk.[7][22]

2009 attack

[edit]

On February 16, 2009, at around 3:40 pm, Travis attacked and mauled Sandra's 55-year-old friend, Charla Nash, inflicting devastating injuries to her face and limbs.[23][24] Travis had taken Sandra's car keys and left the house with them. Sandra asked Charla to help get the chimp back inside; upon seeing Charla holding an Elmo doll, one of his favorite toys, Travis flew into a rage and attacked her.[9]Travis was familiar with Charla, as she had also worked at Sandra and Jerome's towing company, although she had a different hairstyle and was driving a different car at the time of the attack, which may have confused and alarmed the chimp.[25]Sandra had previously given Travis tea which she had laced with Xanax. He was also on medications for Lyme disease.[8] Sandra attempted to stop Travis by beating him on the head with a shovel and stabbing him in the back with a butcher knife.

Sandra later said, "For me to do something like that, put a knife in him, was like putting one in myself". She said Travis turned around as if to say, "'Mom, what did you do?'"[8] Sandra, at this point, believing Charla to be dead, then rushed to her car, locked herself inside, and called 911. Travis's screams can be heard in the background at the start of the tape as Sandra pleads for the police, who initially believed the call to be a hoax until she cried, "He's eating her!"[26][27][28] Emergency medical services waited for police before approaching the house. When they arrived, Travis headed toward the police car, tried to open a locked passenger door, and smashed a side-view mirror. He then walked to the driver's side door and opened it, at which point Officer Frank Chiafari shot the chimp four times with his service pistol.[29][30] Travis retreated inside the house, where he was found dead next to his cage.[9]

Aftermath

[edit]

The paramedic crew described Charla's injuries as "horrendous".[21] Within the following 72 hours, she underwent more than seven hours of surgery on her face and hands by four teams of surgeons. The hospital provided counseling to staff members who initially treated her because of the extraordinary nature of her wounds.[31] Paramedics noted she had lost her eyes, nose, lips, mid-face bone structure, and 9 fingers.[32] Doctors removed some of Travis's hair and teeth that were embedded in her bones and reattached her jaw, but announced on April 7, 2009 that she would be blind for life. Her injuries made her a possible candidate for an experimental face transplant surgery.[31] After initial treatment at Stamford Hospital, she was transferred to the Cleveland Clinic.[33] Her family started a trust fund to raise money to pay her "unfathomable" medical bills and support her daughter.[34] She revealed her face in public for the first time since the attack on The Oprah Winfrey Show on November 11, 2009. She was not in physical pain from the attack at that time, and relatives said she hoped to leave the Cleveland Clinic soon.[35] Pictures have surfaced on the Internet displaying her face before and after the attack.[30]

Per standard procedure, Travis's head was taken to the state laboratory for a rabies test, and his body was taken to the University of Connecticut for a necropsy.[11] His head tested negative for rabies,[36] but Xanax remained in his system.[37] Necropsy-results in May 2009 confirmed he was overweight and had been stabbed.[38] His remains were cremated at All Pets Crematory in Stamford on February 25, 2009.[39] Toxicology reports confirmed Sandra's statement that she had given him Xanax-laced tea the day of the attack.[40][41]

Shortly after the attack, a woman who had lived in the same area as Sandra came forward with information that, in 1996, Travis had bitten her hand and tried to pull her into a vehicle as she greeted him.[42] She claimed to have complained to Sandra, Jerome, the Stamford police, and the Connecticut State police, who stated they had no record of any such complaint. Additionally, a man also came forward with information that, in 1998, Travis had bitten his hand and thumb as he went to pick up his toy after Travis dropped it.[43][44] Afterward, PETA members allegedly harassed Sandra, although the organization stated that it did not have any official involvement.[45][46]

Sandra was reportedly deeply traumatized not only by the mauling of her friend but also by the loss of Travis. After Travis's death, Sandra's step daughter and a friend said in interviews that Sandra tried to relieve her grief by feeding deer and other animals in her backyard as well as purchasing another chimp, named Chance, from an animal trainer in Florida.[47] At that time, owning a pet chimpanzee in Connecticut was illegal, so Sandra travelled to Florida, where Chance lived with the trainer, to visit him.

On May 24, 2010, 15 months after the attack, Sandra died suddenly of a ruptured aortic aneurysm at the age of 72. Her attorney, Robert Golger, released the following statement: "Ms. Herold had suffered a series of heartbreaking losses over the last several years, beginning with the death of her first and only daughter who was killed in a car accident, then her husband, then her beloved chimp, Travis, as well as the tragic maiming of friend and employee Charla Nash. In the end, her heart, which had been broken so many times before, could take no more."[48][49]

On May 28, 2011,[50] Charla underwent transplant surgery performed by a team led by Bohdan Pomahač at Brigham and Women's Hospital, receiving a donated face and hands. The transplant of the hands was initially successful but, when Charla developed pneumonia shortly thereafter, doctors were forced to remove them 5 days after the transplant due to the infection and resulting poor circulation.[51]

Lawsuits

[edit]

In March 2009, Charla's family attorney filed a $50 million lawsuit against Sandra.[52] On May 6, a Stamford judge froze her assets, valued at US$10 million.[53] Another potential defendant was the DEP, the city of Stamford, and the veterinarian who prescribed the Xanax.[citation needed] The defense claimed Travis had no violent behavior before the attack, that the 1996 attack was an act of provocation, and that he had no teeth; he denied that the 1998 attack occurred.[54] In November 2012, Charla settled with Sandra's estate and received approximately $4 million.[55]

Charla attempted to sue the state of Connecticut in 2013 but her claim was denied. She had asserted that officials knew Travis was dangerous but did nothing about it.[56] Her petition to sue was denied on the basis that, at the time of the attack, no statute existed that prohibited the private ownership of a chimpanzee. In July 2013, her attorneys began efforts to appeal the court's decision.[57]

In media

[edit]

News reports of the incident spread as far away as Ireland, China, and Russia.[58] The attack, reminiscent of another one that occurred four years earlier in California,[59] provoked discussion by sources such as Time magazine and primatologists Jane Goodall and Frans de Waal about the logic of keeping such exotic animals as pets.[60][61][62]

Reality television actress Kim Kardashian received criticism for posting photos of her family with a three-year-old chimpanzee on her blog only days after the attack.[63][64][65] The chimpanzee had been rented for her television show, Keeping Up with the Kardashians.[65] She apologized and noted, "I understand my timing was not appropriate, and it was insensitive of me. What happened to the woman that was attacked by the chimpanzee was devastating. In no way did I mean to insult or offend anyone by posting these pictures."[66]

Travis's escape and Charla's subsequent attack were used as part of the "Chimps" episode of Animal Planet's 2010–2011 documentary series Fatal Attractions. Sound from the original 911 call, radio traffic from Travis's police shooting, and the aftermath of the hunt[vague] were used in it. In June 2009, American deathcore band Suicide Silence released their second album No Time to Bleed, featuring the track "...And Then She Bled", a song recreation of the 911 emergency phone call placed by Sandra during the attack.[67]

A similar attack is depicted in the 2022 film Nope,[68] in which an animal actor chimpanzee named Gordy is startled on the set, and attacks his human costars before being shot dead by police. In the film, a young girl mauled by him is shown years later to wear a mesh covering over her severely disfigured face similar to the one worn by Charla.

Influence on legislation

[edit]

Connecticut Attorney General Richard Blumenthal noted that a defect in the existing 2004 Connecticut law prohibiting chimpanzees Travis's size, itself a result of the 2003 incident, allowed the attack to occur.[69] A Connecticut DEP spokesperson clarified that Travis was exempt because he did not appear to present a public health risk and was owned before the registration requirement began.[70] The DEP was seeking a law banning large primates and, after the incident, announced that it sought the help of the public, police officers, and animal control officers to report such pets to the agency. The editorial board of the Stamford Advocate newspaper also supported banning the possession of all exotic birds and reptiles.[71]

U.S. Representative Earl Blumenauer of Oregon introduced the Captive Primate Safety Act on January 6, 2009, which would have added chimpanzees, monkeys, great apes, gorillas, lemurs, and tarsiers to the list of "prohibited wildlife species" that can't be sold or purchased through interstate and foreign sales.[22][72] The attack led the Humane Society of the United States to join the Wildlife Conservation Society in supporting the Act.[22] It resulted in the bill's reintroduction by co-sponsor Rep. Mark Kirk on February 23, 2009.[72][73] Rep. Rob Bishop argued against the bill during the floor debate, noting that it would cost $4 million annually and do nothing directly to prevent chimpanzee attacks on humans. He also claimed such attacks are relatively rare.[74] Twenty states and the District of Columbia already have laws banning primates as pets.[75] On February 23, 2009, the House voted 323 to 95 in favor of the bill,[74] and the editorial boards of several major newspapers, including The New York Times and Newsday, supported its passage.[76][77]

Officer Frank Chiafari, who fatally shot Travis, was initially unable to get therapy for his depression and anxiety after the attack. This led to legislation proposed in 2010 that would cover a police officer's compensation for mental or emotional impairment after using justifiable deadly force to kill an animal.[78]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "S.4206 - Captive Primate Safety Act". Congress.gov. August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  2. ^ "Captive Primate Safety Act Would End the Cruel and Dangerous Primate Pet Trade". Animal Welfare Institute. May 1, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d Lee, Dan P. (January 21, 2011). "Travis the Menace". New York Magazine. Archived from the original on November 22, 2019. Retrieved August 13, 2018.
  4. ^ "Festus chimps seized with U.S. Marshal oversight". Fox 2 Now.
  5. ^ "Festus chimps that kept escaping being relocated after PETA agreement". 5 On Your Side.
  6. ^ Schapiro, Rich (February 21, 2009). "Mom of crazed chimpanzee, Travis, also shot dead during rage in 2001". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on February 24, 2009. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  7. ^ a b c Lockhard, Brian (February 17, 2009). "State turned blind eye to Stamford chimpanzee". Stamford Advocate. Archived from the original on February 20, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  8. ^ a b c d e Celizic, Mike (February 18, 2009). "Owner describes chimp's terrifying rampage". Today. Archived from the original on February 19, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Morganteen, Jeff (February 18, 2009). "Victim's face mauled in Stamford chimpanzee attack". Stamford Advocate. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  10. ^ "Owner, Travis the chimp had unusual bond". NBC News. February 19, 2009. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  11. ^ a b c Gallman, Stephanie (February 17, 2009). "Chimp attack 911 call: 'He's ripping her apart'". CNN. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  12. ^ a b Catlin, Roger (February 18, 2009). "About that Chimp". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on January 20, 2013. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  13. ^ Bone, James (February 18, 2009). "Celebrity chimp who savaged handler in drug-fuelled frenzy shot dead". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  14. ^ "Residents Shocked By Brutal Chimp Attack". WFSB. The Associated Press. December 5, 2010. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2018.
  15. ^ "Chimp, owner had unusual bond". USA Today. The Associated Press. February 19, 2009. Archived from the original on June 1, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
  16. ^ "Chimpanzee Attack Revives Calls for Federal Primate Law". Fox News. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved January 28, 2012.
  17. ^ Wright, Chase (May 12, 2009). "Police: Chimp took Xanax". The Hour. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
  18. ^ Pilkington, Ed (February 17, 2009). "Chimpanzee shot after attack outside New York". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  19. ^ Chiaramonte, Perry (February 19, 2009). "It's animal attraction". The New York Post. Archived from the original on December 18, 2021. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  20. ^ "Owner Shared Bed and Took Baths With Chimpanzee From Connecticut Attack". Fox News. Associated Press. February 20, 2009. Archived from the original on March 15, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2009.
  21. ^ a b Newman, Andy; O'Connor, Anahad (February 18, 2009). "Woman Mauled by Chimp Is Still in Critical Condition". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  22. ^ a b c "Travis Led to New Law in '04". WVIT. MSNBC. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  23. ^ Newman, Andy (February 17, 2009). "Pet chimpanzee attacks woman in Connecticut". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 16, 2019. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
  24. ^ "The Charla Nash Trust". The Charla Nash Trust. Archived from the original on July 9, 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  25. ^ Lash, Devon (February 18, 2009). "Family: Victim makes 'good, but small, progress". Stamford Advocate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2009. Retrieved February 20, 2009.
  26. ^ "Residents Shocked By Brutal Chimp Attack". WFSB. The Associated Press. February 16, 2009. Archived from the original on February 18, 2009. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
  27. ^ Chimp Attack 911 Call (Video). CBS News. February 17, 2009. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2009 – via YouTube.
  28. ^ "Chilling 911 Call Chronicles Chimp Attack". WFSB. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on August 16, 2010.
  29. ^ "Officer Who Shot Rampaging Chimp Describes What He Witnessed". Hartford Courant. February 26, 2010. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  30. ^ a b "Chimp mauling victim Charla Nash's $150 million lawsuit against Connecticut denied". New York Daily News. Associated Press. June 14, 2013. Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved May 4, 2014.
  31. ^ a b O'Connor, Anahad (February 18, 2009). "Woman Mauled by Chimp Has Surgery, and Her Vital Signs Improve". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2016. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
  32. ^ Sandoval, Edgar; Schapiro, Rich (February 19, 2009). "Charla Nash lost eyes, nose, and jaw in chimpanzee attack". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
  33. ^ Altman, Lawrence K.; O'Connor, Anahad (February 19, 2009). "Cleveland Clinic Gets Victim of Chimp Attack". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2009.
  34. ^ Lash, Devon (March 5, 2009). "Family sets up fund for chimp attack victim". Stamford Advocate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2009. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  35. ^ "Chimp Attack Victim Reveals Face During Oprah Interview". Hartford Courant. Associated Press. November 11, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2009.[dead link‍]
  36. ^ Christofferen, John (February 19, 2009). "Woman says Connecticut chimpanzee bit her in '96". Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
  37. ^ Christoffersen, John (May 13, 2009). "Conn. chimp that mauled woman had Xanax in system". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 11, 2022. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  38. ^ "Chimp that mauled woman had Xanax in system". The Gainesville Sun. The Associated Press. May 13, 2009. Archived from the original on September 11, 2022. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  39. ^ "Stamford chimpanzee cremated". Stamford Advocate. The Associated Press. February 25, 2009. Archived from the original on February 28, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  40. ^ "Tests Show Chimp Had Anti-Anxiety Drug Xanax in System During Vicious Attack". Fox News. Associated Press. May 13, 2009. Archived from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  41. ^ Harmon, Katherine (February 19, 2009). "Why would a chimpanzee attack a human?". Scientific American. Archived from the original on March 20, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  42. ^ Ahuja, Gitika; Canning, Andrea; Ibanga, Imaeyen (February 19, 2009). "Chimp Has Attacked Before, Woman Claims". ABC News. Archived from the original on May 5, 2022. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  43. ^ "Owner, Travis the chimp had unusual bond". NBC News. The Associated Press. February 19, 2009. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
  44. ^ "Chimps owner goes silent; attack not surprising, expert says". February 18, 2009.
  45. ^ Edroso, Roy (February 18, 2009). "Crazed Chimp 911 Tape Revealed; PETA Peeps Harass Owner". The Village Voice. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  46. ^ Aiello, Tony (February 17, 2009). "Chimp Owner Hammered With Threatening Calls". WCBS-TV. Archived from the original on February 20, 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
  47. ^ Episode three of Chimp Crazy (TV docuseries, 2024)
  48. ^ Christoffersen, John (May 25, 2010). "Sandy Herold Dead: Owner of Chimp Who Attacked Charla Nash Dies". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  49. ^ Christoffersen, John (May 25, 2010). "Owner of chimpanzee in Conn. mauling dies at 72". The Guardian. London. Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  50. ^ "Charla's Story". The Charla Nash Trust. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
  51. ^ Khan, Amina (June 10, 2011). "Charla Nash, chimpanzee attack victim, receives full face transplant in Boston". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 25, 2019. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
  52. ^ Potts, Monica (March 16, 2009). "Lawyer for chimp attack victim says lawsuit imminent". Stamford Advocate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
  53. ^ "$50M Chimp Attack Lawsuit Heads to Court". WVIT. Associated Press. May 7, 2009. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
  54. ^ "Lawyer for Stamford chimp owner: animal wasn't violent". The Hour. April 8, 2009. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  55. ^ Susman, Tina (November 30, 2012). "Charla Nash, chimp attack victim, settles lawsuit for less than sought". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  56. ^ Collins, Dave (June 14, 2013). "Charla Nash, Chimp Attack Victim, Denied $150 Million Lawsuit". HuffPost News. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
  57. ^ Christoffersen, John (July 3, 2013). "Chimp Victim Tries Again to Sue Conn. for $150M". ABC News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 6, 2013. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
  58. ^ "TV advert chimp attacks woman, police". China Daily. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on February 19, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  59. ^ Dillon, Nancy (February 22, 2009). "Man who lost face in '05 mauling knows hell of new chimpanzee victim". The New York Daily News. Archived from the original on September 18, 2009. Retrieved November 17, 2009.
  60. ^ Walsh, Bryan (February 18, 2009). "Why the Stamford Chimp Attacked". TIME. Archived from the original on February 19, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  61. ^ Goodall, Jane (February 25, 2009). "Loving chimps to death". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
  62. ^ de Waal, Frans (February 17, 2009). "Another Chimp Bites the Dust". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  63. ^ Kardashian, Kim (February 20, 2009). "Keeping Up with the Kardashians: MONKEY!". Kim Kardashian Official Website. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  64. ^ Heldman, Breanne L. (February 25, 2009). "Kim Kardashian Apologizes for Untimely Chimp Pix". E! Online. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  65. ^ a b "Kardashian Apologizes for 'Insensitive' Chimp Pictures". SFGate. February 25, 2009. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  66. ^ Kardashian, Kim (February 23, 2009). "The low-down on Suzy". Kim Kardashian Official Website. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  67. ^ Sandoval, Edgar (February 18, 2009). "911 tape captures chimpanzee owner's horror as 200-pound ape mauls friend". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on February 19, 2009. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  68. ^ Russell, Tom; Gutierrez, Jose (August 9, 2022). "Is Nope's Gordy Attack a True Story?". ScreenRant. Archived from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
  69. ^ Christofferen, John (February 18, 2009). "Slain chimp's owner now says it wasn't on Xanax". Newsday. Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  70. ^ "The case of Travis, the chimp shot and killed after attacking a woman, may lead to new wildlife legislation". Los Angeles Times. February 18, 2009. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  71. ^ "Ban the possession of wild animals". Stamford Advocate. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 20, 2009.
  72. ^ a b Urban, Peter (February 23, 2009). "U.S. House to vote on primate ban". Stamford Advocate. Archived from the original on February 28, 2009. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  73. ^ Smith, Ben (February 23, 2009). "The Primate Act of '09". Politico. Archived from the original on February 26, 2009. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  74. ^ a b Urban, Peter (February 24, 2009). "House approves primate pet ban". Connecticut Post. Archived from the original on July 28, 2009. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  75. ^ "House tightens restrictions on chimps as pets". USA Today. February 24, 2009. Archived from the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  76. ^ "Primates Aren't Pets". The New York Times. February 26, 2009. Archived from the original on January 26, 2018. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  77. ^ "Pass the primate act". Newsday. February 26, 2009. Archived from the original on July 27, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  78. ^ Wilson, Michael (February 24, 2010). "After Shooting Chimp, a Police Officer's Descent". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 12, 2017.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Travis_(chimpanzee)&oldid=1257974104#2009_attack"