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CACTIN

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CACTIN
Identifiers
AliasesCACTIN, C19orf29, NY-REN-24, fSAPc, cactin, spliceosome C complex subunit
External IDsOMIM: 618536; MGI: 1917562; HomoloGene: 69553; GeneCards: CACTIN; OMA:CACTIN - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001080543
NM_021231

NM_027381

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001074012
NP_067054

NP_081657

Location (UCSC)Chr 19: 3.61 – 3.63 MbChr 10: 81.16 – 81.16 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Cactin also known as renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-24 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACTIN gene.[5][6][7]

[8] Upon activation of Toll signaling by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria infection, Cactin in the cytosol binds to Cactus and mediates the release of Dif and Dorsal from Cactus, allowing their translocation into the nucleus and activation of AMP genes.

Cactin was originally identified in Drosophila (fruit flies). The cactin gene is product is involved in the regulation of the innate immune system. It acts as negative regulator of the toll-like receptor, Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) and the canonical NF-kappa-B signaling pathways.[9]

Structure

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The full-length cactin protein length is 3,150 bp long and with an N-terminus from 356–547 residues and a domain in the C-terminal 731–855 residues.[10]

Species and tissue distributhion

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This protein resides in many organs and tissues of all vertebrates, however, it has also been found in plants, protist, and fungi. The location that is highest in concentration of cactin gene is in the testis of males and in the spleen. The cactin gene in this specific area like the testis, enables RNA binding activity. This protein was also found to be involved in other process like cellular response from cytokines and negative signal transduction (negative feed back loops).[11]

In plants

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In plants, the cactcin is associated with SR proteins localized in nuclear speckles.[12] Plant and human cells share the same spliceosomal proteins, which involved the removal of introns in order to form mature messenger RNA.

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000105298Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000034889Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (April 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry. 236 (1): 107–113. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
  6. ^ Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, et al. (April 1997). "Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing". Genome Research. 7 (4): 353–358. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMC 139146. PMID 9110174.
  7. ^ "Entrez Gene: C19orf29 chromosome 19 open reading frame 29".
  8. ^ Jo YH, Kim YJ, Park KB, Seong JH, Kim SG, Park S, et al. (April 2017). "TmCactin plays an important role in Gram-negative and -positive bacterial infection by regulating expression of 7 AMP genes in Tenebrio molitor". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 46459. Bibcode:2017NatSR...746459J. doi:10.1038/srep46459. PMC 5394457. PMID 28418029.
  9. ^ "CACTIN Gene - GeneCards | CATIN Protein | CATIN Antibody". www.genecards.org. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
  10. ^ Zhang S, Shi L, Yang QH, Dong XH, Chi SY, Liu HY, Tan BP (December 2014). "Molecular characterization and functional analysis of Cactin gene from Litopenaeus vannamei". Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 41 (2): 608–617. Bibcode:2014FSI....41..608Z. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2014.10.014. PMID 25462455.
  11. ^ "CACTIN cactin, spliceosome C complex subunit [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-24.
  12. ^ Baldwin KL, Dinh EM, Hart BM, Masson PH (April 2013). "CACTIN is an essential nuclear protein in Arabidopsis and may be associated with the eukaryotic spliceosome". FEBS Letters. 587 (7): 873–879. Bibcode:2013FEBSL.587..873B. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2013.02.041. PMID 23454656. S2CID 10857716.

Further reading

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