Brūno Kalniņš
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Brūno Kalniņš | |
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 Kalniņš in 1936 | |
| Deputy of the Saeima | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 7 May 1899 Tukums, Courland Governorate, Russian Empire (now Latvia) |
| Died | 26 March 1990 (aged 90) Stockholm, Sweden |
| Political party | Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party |
| Alma mater | Riga Technical University |
| Profession | Engineer |
Brūno (also: Bruno) Haralds Kalniņš (7 May 1898 – 26 March 1990) was a Latvian social democratic politician and historian. He was the son of prominent social-democratic politicians Pauls Kalniņš and Klāra Kalniņa.
Political career
[edit]Kalniņš was one of the leading figures of the social-democratic youth movement in interwar Latvia, and an elected member of the Saeima. As a key social-democratic activist, he was arrested and exiled to Sweden as a result of the authoritarian coup d'état by Kārlis Ulmanis in 1934.[1]
Kalniņš returned to Latvia in 1940 following the Soviet occupation, initially serving as a political officer of the Latvian Army (then renamed as the Latvian People's Army) in the run-up to the armed forces' full incorporation into the Red Army. Later he became a lecturer in Marxist politics at the University of Latvia. During the occupation of Latvia by Nazi Germany, Kalniņš was arrested and sent to a Nazi concentration camp, but released in 1944.
After World War II he lived in Sweden, where he wrote several books on Baltic and Russian history and helped re-form the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party in exile. Although his later writings were critical of the Soviet régime in his homeland, many Latvians could not forgive him for his collaboration with the Soviets in 1940–41.
References
[edit]- ^ Housden, Martyn; Smith, David, eds. (2011). Forgotten Pages in Baltic History: Diversity and Inclusion. Rodopi. p. 198. ISBN 9789042033153.
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- 1899 births
- 1990 deaths
- People from Tukums
- People from Courland Governorate
- Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party politicians
- Deputies of the Constitutional Assembly of Latvia
- Deputies of the 1st Saeima
- Deputies of the 2nd Saeima
- Deputies of the 3rd Saeima
- Deputies of the 4th Saeima
- Members of the Executive of the Labour and Socialist International
- 20th-century Swedish historians
- Academic staff of the University of Latvia
- Latvian military personnel of the Latvian War of Independence
- Soviet Army officers
- Latvian World War II refugees
- Latvian emigrants to Sweden
- Latvian politician stubs